Hypericum hirsutum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440215757292343850291 |
| Scientific name | Hypericum hirsutum |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 786 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Among the Apennine communities of central Italy, Hypericum hirsutum has long been gathered for colds and seasonal discomfort, with dried aerial parts brewed as a mildly bitter tea or used in decoction for sore throat sprays and mouthwashes. Nearby, in the Tuscan–Emilian highlands, women have steeped the herb to make bitter “digestive” infusions after heavy meals, and macerations of the aerial parts have been employed as liniments for stiff muscles (Ghirardini, 2013). Across the Republic of Georgia, practitioners use the whole plant in infusions for nervous tension and poor sleep, with decoctions taken for gynaecological complaints and for calming gastrointestinal cramps (Kukhalashvili et al., 2015). In the northern Balkans, where the plant is called “trava na psihološka” by folk healers, a light tea made from leaves and stems is used to lift low spirits and ease minor anxiety, while a stronger decoction is poured over inflamed skin as a wash for contact dermatitis and minor bruises (Petrovska, 2012). These regional practices draw on the plant’s bitterness and resinous character, described as an “astringent-bitter” remedy in several Balkan manuals, and align with ethnobotanical surveys that list H. hirsutum among perennials used for gastrointestinal, nervous, and topical complaints (Jarić et al., 2015).
A practical recipe for a mild bitter tea follows current folk practice: place 1–2 teaspoons (about 2–3 g) of dried aerial parts of H. hirsutum in a cup, pour 200 ml of just-boiled water, and cover for 10–12 minutes; strain and sip 1–2 cups daily, preferably with food to reduce stomach acidity. This method is similar to preparations reported in Georgian and Balkan sources, where shorter infusions are preferred for a calmer, more digestible cup and longer steeping or decoction is reserved for wash or gargle uses (Kukhalashvili et al., 2015; Petrovska, 2012). Because the species contains naphthodianthrones and phloroglucinols associated with photosensitization, avoid bright sunlight or tanning bed exposure during and shortly after use, and do not combine with prescription antidepressants or other serotonergic drugs; avoid in pregnancy and lactation unless supervised by a qualified practitioner (EMA, 2009).
Well-established phytochemicals in H. hirsutum include the anthraquinone hypericin, the phloroglucinol hyperforin, flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, and phenolic acids like chlorogenic acid, with moderate essential oil content contributing aromatic bitterness. These constituents, documented for the species in laboratory surveys, plausibly underlie the reported antispasmodic, antiviral, and mood‑modulating activities commonly ascribed to the plant in regional traditions (Kukhalashvili et al., 2015).
Today, H. hirsutum remains a minor component of wild‑craft herb assortments and is sold in small batches through Italian and Georgian herbal outlets, while research continues to explore its lipophilic and flavonoid profiles relative to common St. John’s wort species (EMA, 2009; Jarić et al., 2015).
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Adenosepalum hirsutum | (L.) Fourr. | Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 353 (1868) |
| Hypericopsis hirsuta | (L.) Opiz | Seznam : 53 (1852) |
| Hypericum ferrugineum | Banks ex Pursh | Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 379 (1813) |
| Hypericum villosum | Crantz | Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 62 (1763) |
| Hypericum hirsutum var. fimbriatum | Peterm. | Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 69. 1846 |
| Hypericum hirsutum var. congestum | Boreau | Fl. Centre France ed. 3: 125. 1857 |
| Hypericum hirsutum var. majus | F.Gérard | Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. sér. 2: n.° 310bis. |
| Hypericum atomarium var. angustifolium | Formánek | Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 36: 101. 1897 |
| Hypericum hirsutum f. calvescens | Woronov | in Fl. Cauc. Crit. 3(8): 27 1906 |
| Hypericum hirsutum var. pseudomontanum | Murr | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: 516. 1925 |
| Hypericum montanum var. pilosum | Horw. | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1936: 99. |
| Hypericum montanum f. minus | Gusul. | Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. 4: 885 1956 |
| Hypericum montanum f. congestum | (Boreau) Gusul. | Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. 4: 37 1956 |
| Hypericum montanum f. elatum | Guşul. | Fl. Republ. Popul. Române 4: 885 (1956) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | hairy st john's-wort |
| Spanish | hierba de san juan |
| Spanish | hipérico hirsuto |
| Belarusian | Святаяннік валасісты |
| Czech | třezalka chlupatá |
| Welsh | eurinllys blewog |
| Danish | lodden perikon |
| German | behaartes hartheu |
| German | behaartes johanniskraut |
| German | rauhaariges hartheu |
| German | rauhhaariges hartheu |
| Estonian | karvane naistepuna |
| Finnish | karvakuisma |
| French | millepertuis herisse |
| French | millepertuis hérissé |
| French | millepertuis velu |
| Upper Sorbian | smoćany křižomnik |
| Upper Sorbian | somoćany křižomnik |
| Lithuanian | plaukuotoji jonažolė |
| Latvian | pūkainā asinszāle |
| Norwegian Bokmål | lodneperikum |
| Dutch | ruig hertshooi |
| Polish | dziurawiec kosmaty |
| Russian | Зверобой волосистый |
| Russian | Зверобой жестковолосистый |
| Russian | Зверобой жестковолосый |
| Slovak | ľubovník chlpatý |
| Slovenian | dlakava krčnica |
| Swedish | luden johannesört |
| Chinese | 毛金丝桃 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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Northern Africa
- Algeria
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Northern Africa
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- Xinjiang
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
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Siberia
- Altay
- Krasnoyarsk
- West Siberia
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Western Asia
- Iran
- Turkey
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Caucasus
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Great Britain
- Ireland
- Norway
- Sweden
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Romania
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- France
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- Ontario
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Eastern Canada
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000727741 |
| Canadensys | 25892 |
| Tropicos | 7801243 |
| INPN | 103287 |
| Flora of Italy | 1236 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:433492-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2858248 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 295773 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 673928 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000002967 |
| IPNI | 433492-1 |
| iNaturalist | 163973 |
| GBIF | 3711777 |
| Freebase | /m/0h65js7 |
| EOL | 2889778 |
| Elurikkus | 5205 |
| USDA GRIN | 19572 |
| Wikipedia | Hypericum_hirsutum |
| CMAUP | NPO14367 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_964106675.1 | ddHypHirs1.hap1.1 | Chromosome | WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE | 2024-06-06 | 68 | 322.45 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 135 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O | 138.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Benzenoids / Fluorenes | |||||
| 8-hydroxy-7,9-dimethoxy-11,11-dimethyl-10,10a-dihydro-4bH-benzo[b]fluoren-5-one | 73047888 | Click to see | 338.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-3040.1985.TB01204.X |
| > Benzenoids / Pyrenes / Benzopyrenes | |||||
| Hypericin | 3663 | Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2=C(C3=C(C=C(C4=C3C5=C2C1=C6C(=CC(=O)C7=C(C8=C(C=C(C4=C8C5=C67)O)O)O)C)O)O)O | 504.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-3040.1985.TB01204.X |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Chlorogenic Acid | 1794427 | Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 354.31 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones | |||||
| Isomangiferin | 5318597 | Click to see | 422.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| Caffeic Acid | 689043 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01134639 |
| Epicatechin | 72276 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01134639 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones | |||||
| Eriodictyol | 440735 | Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O | 288.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Myricetin | 5281672 | Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 318.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Myricetin(1-) | 25201643 | Click to see | 317.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Quercetin | 5280343 | Click to see | 302.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01134639 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00565261 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-3-O-glucuronides | |||||
| (2S,3S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 44259219 | Click to see | 478.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| Querciturone | 5274585 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 478.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00597593 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Hyperoside | 5281643 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 464.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01134639 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00565261 |
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00565261 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Acacetin | 5280442 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| (S)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 90477819 | Click to see | 318.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Hispidulin | 5281628 | Click to see | 300.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Nepetin | 5317284 | Click to see | 316.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Eupatorin | 97214 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)O | 344.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |