Excoecaria cochinchinensis
Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64403bd61712c390483817 |
| Scientific name | Excoecaria cochinchinensis |
| Authority | Lour. |
| First published in | Fl. Cochinch. : 612 (1790) |
Description Top
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Excoecaria cochinchinensis, also known as Chinese croton, blindness tree, buta buta, or jungle fire plant, is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is native to Southeast Asia and China and is a subtropical evergreen shrub with a woody stem. Its leaves are shiny and papery, with a dark green or variegated upper surface and a deep maroon underside. The plant is dioecious, meaning it has separate male and female plants. The common name of blindness tree comes from the Latin word for "to make blind" due to the sap causing blindness if it gets in the eyes. The plant is often used as an ornamental tropical plant, greenhouse plant, or houseplant, with a popular cultivar called "Firestorm." However, caution should be taken as the sap is toxic and can cause skin eczema and is also poisonous if ingested. In small quantities, it has been used in herbal medicine to treat gastric ulcers. Despite its toxicity, the plant has been used as an antiparasitic, antipruritic, and haemostatic treatment.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Antidesma bicolor | Hassk. | Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt. : 81 (1844) |
| Sapium cochinchinense | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 293 (1898) |
| Excoecaria bicolor | Hassk. | Retzia 1: 158 (1855) |
| Excoecaria bicolor var. orientalis | (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Gagnep. | Fl. Indo-Chine 5: 406. 1926 |
| Excoecaria bicolor var. purpurascens | Pax & K.Hoffm. | Pflanzenr. IV, 147, V: 159. 1912 |
| Excoecaria bicolor var. viridis | Pax & K.Hoffm. | Pflanzenr. IV, 147, V: 159. 1912 |
| Excoecaria cochinchinensis var. viridis | (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Merr. | Philipp. J. Sci. 15: 244 1919 |
| Excoecaria orientalis | Pax & K.Hoffm. | Pflanzenr. , IV, 147, V: 160 (1912) |
| Excoecaria quadrangularis | Müll.Arg. | Linnaea 32: 124 (1863) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | jungle fire plant |
| English | blindness tree |
| English | buta buta |
| English | chinese croton |
| Bengali | লাইলি মজনু |
| Indonesian | sambang darah |
| mad | sambhung ḍârâ |
| Thai | ลิ้นกระบือ |
| Vietnamese | Đơn mặt trời |
| Chinese | 紅背桂花 |
| Chinese | 紫背桂 |
| Chinese | 红背桂花 |
| Chinese | 臺灣土沉香 |
| Chinese | 红背桂花（红背桂） |
| Chinese | 红背桂 |
| Chinese | 鸡尾木 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
-
Eastern Asia
- Taiwan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Malaya
-
Indo-China
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Caribbean
- Trinidad-Tobago
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000965953 |
| UNII | 4ZM30LZB4R |
| Tropicos | 12805467 |
| INPN | 448248 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348839-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-83357 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 1011992 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 179682 |
| IUCN Red List | 136140927 |
| IPNI | 348839-1 |
| iNaturalist | 345551 |
| GBIF | 3071716 |
| Freebase | /m/0kvjh22 |
| EOL | 1143593 |
| USDA GRIN | 455263 |
| Wikipedia | Excoecaria_cochinchinensis |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_947683425.1 | Ec-NTBG880627-DRAFT-NextGenCassava-1.0 | Contig | Cornell University | 2023-04-09 | 19.0x | 1.30 Gb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 135 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)O | 138.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)O | 170.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Rhamnofolane and daphnane diterpenoids | |||||
| 22,23,24,25-Tetradehydro-simplexin | 118701523 | Click to see CCCCCC=CC=CC12OC3C4C5C(O5)(C(C6(C(C4(O1)C(CC3(O2)C(=C)C)C)C=C(C6=O)C)O)O)CO | 528.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969522 |
| Excoecariatoxin | 5281400 | Click to see CCCCCC=CC=CC12OC3C4C5C(O5)(C(C6(C(C4(O1)C(CC3(O2)C(=C)C)C)C=C(C6=O)C)O)O)CO | 528.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969522 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides | |||||
| 4-(3-Hydroxybutyl)-3,5-dimethyl-5-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one | 73045708 | Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1CCC(C)O)(C)COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| 4-(3-Hydroxybutyl)-5,5-dimethyl-3-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one | 85318568 | Click to see CC(CCC1C(=CC(=O)CC1(C)C)COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Excoecarioside A | 11661058 | Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1CCC(C)O)(C)COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| GlochidionionosideB | 10927206 | Click to see CC(CCC1C(=CC(=O)CC1(C)C)COC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O | 388.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (6-acetyloxy-3-ethenyl-5,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-10-yl) acetate | 85429545 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC(C2C1(C3(C(=O)CC(OC3(C(C2OC(=O)C)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C)(C)C | 452.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| (8-acetyloxy-3-ethenyl-6,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-9-yl) acetate | 72967537 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(C(CC3(C2(C(=O)CC(O3)(C)C=C)O)C)O)C(C1OC(=O)C)(C)C)C | 452.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| [(3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-6-acetyloxy-3-ethenyl-5,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-10-yl] acetate | 11190222 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC(C2C1(C3(C(=O)CC(OC3(C(C2OC(=O)C)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C)(C)C | 452.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| [(3R,4aR,6S,6aS,8R,9S,10aS,10bS)-8-acetyloxy-3-ethenyl-6,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-9-yl] acetate | 11453771 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2(C(C(CC3(C2(C(=O)CC(O3)(C)C=C)O)C)O)C(C1OC(=O)C)(C)C)C | 452.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| Coleonol B | 4613279 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1C2C(CCC(C2(C3(C(=O)CC(OC3(C1O)C)(C)C=C)O)C)O)(C)C | 410.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| Isoforskolin | 9549169 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1C2C(CCC(C2(C3(C(=O)CC(OC3(C1O)C)(C)C=C)O)C)O)(C)C | 410.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.200590090 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Shikimic acids and derivatves | |||||
| 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid | 1094 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C=C1C(=O)O)O)O)O | 174.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Shikimic acid | 8742 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C=C1C(=O)O)O)O)O | 174.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (2R,5S)-2,6,6-trimethyl-10-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-3,9-dien-8-one | 163021920 | Click to see CC1C=CC2(O1)C(=CC(=O)CC2(C)C)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O | 384.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| 2,6,6-Trimethyl-10-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-3,9-dien-8-one | 73007127 | Click to see CC1C=CC2(O1)C(=CC(=O)CC2(C)C)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O | 384.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans | |||||
| 6-Hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2(4H)-one | 14334 | Click to see CC1(CC(CC2(C1=CC(=O)O2)C)O)C | 196.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80784 |
| Isololiolide | 11019783 | Click to see CC1(CC(CC2(C1=CC(=O)O2)C)O)C | 196.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB.80784 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 5462193 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Afzelin | 5316673 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Astragalin | 5282102 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside | 5835713 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O | 432.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
| Trifolin | 5282149 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.53.1600 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |