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Isodon loxothyrsus

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fdf7f344c1312575702
Scientific name Isodon loxothyrsus
Authority (Hand.-Mazz.) H.Hara
First published in J. Jap. Bot. 60: 235 (1985)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Scientific and model‑organism use:
- Isolates from the aerial parts of Isodon loxothyrsus have yielded a suite of ent‑kaurane diterpenoids (e.g., loxothyrsins A–F) and phenylpropanoids such as rosmarinic acid. These compounds are routinely employed as reference standards in chromatographic (HPLC, LC‑MS) and spectroscopic (NMR) analyses of natural products.
- The species serves as a chemotaxonomic model within the genus Isodon (Lamiaceae), providing a well‑documented source of structurally diverse diterpenoids that are catalogued in major phytochemical databases (e.g., SciFinder, Reaxys). Extracts and purified constituents are used in laboratory bioassays to investigate structure–activity relationships, while the plant material is maintained in herbarium collections for reproducible sourcing.

Properties relevant to use:
- The major secondary metabolites are lipophilic ent‑kaurane diterpenoids (molecular weight ~300–350 Da) and polar phenylpropanoids (e.g., rosmarinic acid, C₁₈H₁₆O₈), which exhibit good solubility in organic solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate) and are amenable to isolation by repeated silica gel chromatography.
- The diterpenoid profile displays a high degree of oxidation and oxygenated functionality, making the extracts suitable for use as internal standards in quantitative LC‑MS profiling of related Isodon species.
- Phenolic compounds (including rosmarinic acid) provide antioxidant capacity in vitro, a property utilized in analytical method validation but not in commercial formulations.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Plectranthus loxothyrsus Hand.-Mazz. Acta Horti Gothob. 13: 372 (1939)
Rabdosia loxothyrsa (Hand.-Mazz.) H.Hara J. Jap. Bot. 47: 197 (1972)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Chinese 弯锥香茶菜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000217905
Tropicos 17607216
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915141-1
The Plant List kew-102975
Open Tree Of Life 1067691
NCBI Taxonomy 662917
IPNI 915141-1
GBIF 5608944
EOL 2898964
CMAUP NPO20180

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Molecular and morphological evidence for a new species of Isodon (Lamiaceae) from southern China Chen YP, Huang CZ, Zhao Y, Xiang CL Plant Divers 14-Jul-2020
PMCID:PMC7987569
doi:10.1016/j.pld.2020.06.004
PMID:33778225
Triterpenoids of Isodon loxothyrsus Huang Hao, Sun Han-Dong, Zhao Shou-Xun Elsevier BV 23-Apr-2003
doi:10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Diterpenoids from Isodon glutinosus Huang Hao, Chen Yiping, Zhang Hongjie, Lin Zhongwen, Zhao Shouxun, Wang Minshi, Tetsuro Fujita, Sun Handong Elsevier BV 25-Jul-2002
doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00808-4
Ent-kaurene diterpenoids from Rabdosia loxothyrsa Sun Handong, Lin Zhongwei, Shen Xiaoyu, Yoshio Takeda, Tetsuro Fujita Elsevier BV 25-Jul-2002
doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)83734-3
Enmein type diterpenoids from Isodon japonica. Li B, Tian X Phytochemistry 01-Oct-2001
doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00245-X
PMID:11576594
Cytotoxic ent-kaurene diterpenoids from three Isodon species. Sun HD, Lin ZW, Niu FD, Lin LZ, Chai HB, Pezzuto JM, Cordell GA Phytochemistry 01-Jan-1995
doi:10.1016/0031-9422(94)00626-5
PMID:7539618

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Olefins / Cyclic olefins / Azulenes
Azulene 9231 Click to see 128.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids
2,11,12,16-Tetrahydroxy-5,5,9-trimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecan-15-one 14466845 Click to see 350.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83734-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00808-4
2,12,16-Trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-11,15-dione 14807615 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CC(C34C2C(=O)C(C(C3O)C(=C)C4=O)O)O)C)CO 364.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83734-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00808-4
Adenolin B 70698031 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1(CCC(C23C1C(C(C45C2C(CC(C4)C(=C)C5=O)O)(OC3)O)O)O)C 422.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00626-5
Rabdokunmin D 45267139 Click to see 350.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
rabdoloxin A 45271373 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CC(C34C2C(=O)C(C(C3O)C(=C)C4=O)O)O)C)CO 364.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83734-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00808-4
Rabdoloxin B 25195035 Click to see 350.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83734-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00808-4
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
alpha-Bisabolol, (-)-epi- 1616126 Click to see 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-Farnesene, (3Z,6Z)- 5317320 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Guaianes
(2S)-2-(3,8-dimethylazulen-5-yl)propanoic acid 3083593 Click to see CC1=C2C=CC(=C2C=C(C=C1)C(C)C(=O)O)C 228.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Chamazulene 10719 Click to see 184.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Guaiazulene 3515 Click to see 198.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Diterpene lactones
[(1R,1'R,2'R,4'S,5S,6R,7R,9R)-4'-acetyloxy-2'-formyl-7-hydroxy-1'-methyl-10-methylidene-2,11-dioxospiro[3-oxatricyclo[7.2.1.01,6]dodecane-5,3'-cyclohexane]-1'-yl]methyl acetate 163012346 Click to see CC(=O)OCC1(CCC(C2(C1C=O)COC(=O)C34C2C(CC(C3)C(=C)C4=O)O)OC(=O)C)C 462.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00245-X
Loxothyrin A 6712389 Click to see 462.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00626-5
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid 64945 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aS,14aS,14bR)-10,14a-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid 44583862 Click to see 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
10,14a-Dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid 75051805 Click to see 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 619166 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Colosolic acid 15917996 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)O 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Corosolic acid 6918774 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)O 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Jacarandic acid 13653335 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)O 488.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Oleanolic Acid 10494 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Tormentic acid 73193 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)O 488.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)- 220774 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00204-X
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Acetals / Ketals
(2E,5R)-2-hexa-2,4-diynylidene-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.4]non-3-ene 44575220 Click to see 200.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(2Z,5R)-2-hexa-2,4-diynylidene-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.4]non-3-ene 76960595 Click to see 200.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
Matricarin 3083923 Click to see CC1C2C(CC(=C3C(C2OC1=O)C(=CC3=O)C)C)OC(=O)C 304.34 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
N1,N5,N10-Tris-trans-p-coumaroylspermine 10908386 Click to see 640.80 unknown via CMAUP database
N1,N5,N10,N14-Tetra-trans-p-coumaroylspermine 9810941 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)NCCCN(CCCCN(CCCNC(=O)C=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(=O)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C(=O)C=CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O 786.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
Coumarin 323 Click to see 146.14 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin 5281416 Click to see 178.14 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin 5280460 Click to see 192.17 unknown via CMAUP database
Umbelliferone 5281426 Click to see C1=CC(=CC2=C1C=CC(=O)O2)O 162.14 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin 5280443 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 270.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
Apiin 5280746 Click to see 564.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Patulitrin 5320435 Click to see 494.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Axillarin 5281603 Click to see 346.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Casticin 5315263 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Chrysosplenetin 5281608 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database

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