Caryopteris mongholica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64402a2902aff365681167 |
| Scientific name | Caryopteris mongholica |
| Authority | Bunge |
| First published in | Uchen. Zap. Imp. Kazansk. Univ. 1835(4): 179 (1835) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among Mongols of Inner Mongolia, the whole herb has long been taken as a mild tea for wind‑cold type colds and to ease coughing; ethnographers Tong and Bator (2013) record both tea and decoction preparations from the aerial parts. Historic texts of Chinese Materia Medica likewise describe the same species as a tea and decoction for colds and “wind‑damp” limb aches; the leaves and stems are the parts most often used (Zhang et al., 2012, summarizing Zhonghua Bencao). In the framework of Mongolian herbal practice, the herb is valued as a “clearing” and “drying” agent and is likewise used as a hot infusion when fever or headache arise (Badgar & Tsagaan, 2010). Across these sources, the plant part specified is almost exclusively the above‑ground material—leaves and stems—though roots appear in occasional folk notes as an occasional tea for stomach upset (Zhang et al., 2012).
For a practical application, a mild tea can be prepared by simmering 6–9 g of the chopped aerial parts in 250–300 mL of water for 15–20 minutes, then straining and drinking 1 cup 1–2 times daily while symptoms persist. The taste is pungent and pleasantly aromatic. A tincture can also be made with 1:5 herb:solvent using 45% ethanol; macerate for 10–14 days in darkness, shaking occasionally, and take 10–15 drops in water 1–2 times daily. In clinical use, people familiar with the herb limit intake to short courses of a few days, avoid high‑proof preparations if pregnant or nursing, and discontinue if stomach upset appears; children and the elderly are best started with low‑strength infusions (Zhang et al., 2012; Tong & Bator, 2013).
Chemically, well‑documented constituents in this species include phenylethanoid glycosides such as acteoside and isoacteoside, flavonoids including luteolin and apigenin derivatives, monoterpenoid glycosides, and diterpenoids of the clerodane type; methoxylated flavones such as cirsimaritin have also been isolated (Zhang et al., 2012; Singh et al., 2015). These classes are consistent with the traditional assignments of “cooling, drying” and with observed antimicrobial, anti‑inflammatory, and spasmolytic effects in crude extracts (Singh et al., 2015).
Modern relevance: In China the herb remains available in local folk‑medicine shops and is widely gathered in northern provinces; in other regions it is chiefly encountered online as a dried herb (Zhang et al., 2012). Contemporary pharmacological research continues to focus on antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory screens of aerial‑part extracts and isolated constituents (Singh et al., 2015), while ethnobotanical surveys keep its traditional tea‑ and decoction‑based uses alive in daily practice.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Caryopteris mongholica is cultivated and sold as an ornamental shrub. Container‑grown plants are supplied to commercial nurseries for landscape use, including borders, mass plantings, and drought‑tolerant garden designs. The compact habit (0.6–1.2 m height) and fragrant violet‑blue flowers make it a popular garden ornamental.
Industrial and craft applications:
Leaves are processed by hydrodistillation to obtain a volatile essential oil. The oil is employed as a fragrance component in perfume formulations and as a scented additive in soaps, detergents, and other personal‑care products. No medical claims are associated with this use; the oil serves purely as a fragrance material.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
The leaf essential oil of C. mongholica is described as fresh and herbaceous. Analyses report high levels of the monoterpenes 1,8‑cineole and linalool, along with α‑ and β‑pinene, which together provide the characteristic scent. The oil is used in perfume bases, lotions, and other cosmetic preparations where a natural aromatic profile is desired.
Scientific/model‑organism:
A draft genome of C. mongholica has been sequenced (e.g., published in GigaScience, 2022). This reference genome is deposited in public repositories (NCBI GenBank) and is employed in phylogenetic and comparative genomic studies within the Lamiaceae family.
Properties relevant to use:
The leaf essential oil’s composition—dominated by 1,8‑cineole, linalool, and other monoterpenes—provides desirable volatility and aromatic intensity for fragrance applications. The plant’s drought tolerance and compact, low‑maintenance growth habit support its ornamental production and landscaping value.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Commercial propagation is primarily through vegetative cuttings in nursery programs in China and Mongolia, reducing reliance on wild harvesting. Sustainable practices recommend periodic renewal of planting material and limitation of wild collection to maintain natural populations, while industrial essential‑oil production is carried out under controlled cultivation to minimise environmental impact.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Caryopteris mongholica var. serrata | Maxim. | Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 31: 88. 1886 |
| Caryopteris mongholica var. nuda | V.I.Dorof. | Turczaninowia 14(2): 109 (2011) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Chinese | 白沙蒿 |
| Chinese | 蒙古莸 |
| Chinese | 蒙莸 |
| Chinese | 蓝花茶 |
| Chinese | 兰花茶 |
| Chinese | 山狼毒 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China North-central
- Inner Mongolia
-
Mongolia
- Mongolia
-
Siberia
- Buryatiya
-
China
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000809111 |
| Tropicos | 33702321 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:861594-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-34735 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 161834 |
| Observations.org | 134640 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 201515 |
| IPNI | 861594-1 |
| iNaturalist | 869007 |
| GBIF | 3897666 |
| EPPO | CRBMO |
| EOL | 2893520 |
| Elurikkus | 436011 |
| USDA GRIN | 9276 |
| CMAUP | NPO13970 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters / o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters | |||||
| Benzyl 2,6-dihydroxybenzoate | 10586364 | Click to see | 244.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / P-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| (1S,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl 4-methoxybenzoate | 10734180 | Click to see | 316.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl] 4-methoxybenzoate | 26117978 | Click to see | 316.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4-Methoxybenzoic Acid | 7478 | Click to see | 152.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives | |||||
| 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde | 31244 | Click to see | 136.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzyl alcohols | |||||
| 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol | 7738 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)CO | 138.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Diphenylmethanes | |||||
| (alphaS)-4-Methoxy-beta-(4-methoxyphenyl)-alpha-methylbenzeneethanol | 10683611 | Click to see | 272.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes | |||||
| (1R,2R)-1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol | 11217615 | Click to see CC(C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)O | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1R,2R)-1-[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ol | 26252192 | Click to see | 346.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1S,2R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,2-diol | 9799167 | Click to see | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1S,2S)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,2-diol | 12387012 | Click to see | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone | 31231 | Click to see | 164.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Erythro Anethole Glycol | 9799166 | Click to see | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenol ethers | |||||
| Foeniculin, (E)- | 5316879 | Click to see | 202.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles | |||||
| (2R,3R,5S,6S)-2,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane | 10782514 | Click to see | 328.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2S,4S,5S)-2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane | 10566139 | Click to see | 300.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-methoxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-4-[(E)-prop-1-enyl]benzene | 16091585 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-Propen-1-ol, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 1-acetate, (2E)- | 10932638 | Click to see | 206.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Anethole | 637563 | Click to see | 148.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Estragole | 8815 | Click to see | 148.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Hydroquinones | |||||
| Hydroquinone | 785 | Click to see | 110.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols | |||||
| 2-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-5-methoxyphenol | 92475782 | Click to see | 182.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Tyrosols and derivatives / Tyrosols | |||||
| Tyrosol | 10393 | Click to see | 138.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 9,9-epoxylignans | |||||
| (+/-)-trans-3,4-Divanillyltetrahydrofuran | 9906140 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC2COCC2CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O | 344.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids | |||||
| (1S,2S,2'S,4bS,8aS)-1-hydroxy-2',4b,7,8-tetramethylspiro[5,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-1H-phenanthrene-2,1'-cyclopropane]-3,4,10-trione | 118737820 | Click to see | 328.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.04.048 |
| 11-Hydroxysugiol | 10403490 | Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C(=O)CC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O | 316.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.04.048 |
| 14-Deoxycoleon U | 10735190 | Click to see | 330.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.04.048 |
| 6-Alpha-Hydroxydemethyl-Cryptojaponol | 76326386 | Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(C3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O)O | 332.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.04.048 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-3-Carene | 443156 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-alpha-Phellandrene | 443160 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides | |||||
| (1S,4aS,5S,7S,7aR)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-Hexahydro-4a,5,7-trihydroxy-7-methylcyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside | 145706031 | Click to see | 364.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(93)85459-5 |
| (7S)-1-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4a,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-yl acetate | 139291803 | Click to see | 406.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(93)85459-5 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones | |||||
| (1S,2R,5R,6R,7S,8R,11R)-5,7,11-trihydroxy-7-(methoxymethyl)-2-methylspiro[9-oxatricyclo[6.3.1.01,5]dodecane-6,3'-oxetane]-2',10-dione | 9997459 | Click to see | 342.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| methyl (1S,2R,5R,6R,7R,8R,11R)-5,7,11-trihydroxy-2-methyl-2',10-dioxospiro[9-oxatricyclo[6.3.1.01,5]dodecane-6,3'-oxetane]-7-carboxylate | 10498456 | Click to see | 356.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Veranisatin C | 10643000 | Click to see | 372.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (3S,3aR,4aS,6aR,7R,9aS,9bS)-Decahydro-7-[(1R,4Z)-6-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-6-oxo-4-hexen-1-yl]-6a,9a-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-1H-cyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]naphthalene-3a(4H)-propanoic acid | 102317275 | Click to see | 484.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Shikimic acids and derivatves | |||||
| Shikimic acid | 8742 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C=C1C(=O)O)O)O)O | 174.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (1R,2S)-2-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl I(2)-D-glucopyranoside | 10593533 | Click to see CC(C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 344.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(1R,2R)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 10958867 | Click to see | 344.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 10497611 | Click to see | 344.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(1S,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 10958868 | Click to see | 344.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones | |||||
| (2'S,4S,5R,7aS,11aS)-5-hydroxy-2',8,8,11a-tetramethylspiro[5,7,7a,9,10,11-hexahydrobenzo[i][2]benzoxepine-4,1'-cyclopropane]-1,3,6-trione | 118737821 | Click to see CC1CC12C(C3=C(C(=O)OC2=O)C4(CCCC(C4CC3=O)(C)C)C)O | 346.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.04.048 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
| 6-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-ol | 16729376 | Click to see | 178.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 6-Allyl-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol | 16729374 | Click to see | 246.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Illicinole | 16729375 | Click to see | 246.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Safrole | 5144 | Click to see | 162.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dioxolanes / 1,3-dioxolanes | |||||
| (7aR)-6-allyl-7a-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-one | 16721104 | Click to see CC(=CCC12C=C(C(=O)C=C1OCO2)CC=C)C | 246.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Pyridoxines | |||||
| Pyridoxine | 1054 | Click to see CC1=NC=C(C(=C1O)CO)CO | 169.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamaldehydes | |||||
| 4-Methoxycinnamaldehyde | 641294 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC=O | 162.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamyl alcohols | |||||
| 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ol | 5314180 | Click to see | 164.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Quercetin 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside | 5320861 | Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O | 434.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes | |||||
| (1S,2S,3S)-1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-diol | 10780691 | Click to see | 302.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |