Common products:
Ulex europaeus is used as a source of natural colorants. Dried flowers yield a clear yellow dye, while green parts provide brown tones; these are employed for wool and other protein fibers (Crockett & Crockett 1992; Baines 1984).

Colorants and tanning:
The dried flowering tops produce yellow shades on mordanted wool; foliage yields brown dyes. The brown coloration is attributed to condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) that mordant effectively and are relatively stable to light. In historic practice in parts of the British Isles and New Zealand, the plant has been used for tanning hides due to its condensed tannin content; these form stable complexes with collagen and proteinaceous substrates, yielding brown leather. When used as a dye on wool, the resulting brown shades are typically fast to light. No standards or testing protocols are specifically issued for Ulex europaeus colorants or tanning extracts.

Properties relevant to use:
The dye and tanning activity is due to flavonoid-derived condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins). The dye constituents include flavones and flavonols; the yellow hue is associated with quercetin and related flavonol derivatives (Fraser & Mabry 2001; Graham & Truman 2011). These phenolic compounds bind effectively to protein fibers and leather collagen, providing substantive coloration and tanning properties.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ulex europaea	L.
Genista europaea	(L.) E.H.L.Krause	J.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 9: 108 (1901)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	gorse
English	common gorse
Spanish	abolaga
Spanish	abulaga
Spanish	albar
Spanish	albolaga
Spanish	albulaga
Spanish	alisapa
Spanish	arbolaga
Spanish	arbulaga
Spanish	ardevilla
Spanish	ardivieja
Spanish	argoma
Spanish	argulaga
Spanish	arnaz
Spanish	arnello
Spanish	arnelo
Spanish	bulaga
Spanish	cádava
Spanish	carrumba
Spanish	chacay
Spanish	escajo
Spanish	espinillo
Spanish	espino amarillo
Spanish	gáraba
Spanish	gateño
Spanish	iscaju
Spanish	jabulaga
Spanish	olaga
Spanish	ollaga
Spanish	otaca
Spanish	pica pica
Spanish	pinocho
Spanish	rebolla
Spanish	retamo
Spanish	retamo espinoso
Spanish	rozo
Spanish	tocho
Spanish	tocio
Spanish	toco
Spanish	toho
Spanish	toiso
Spanish	toitso
Spanish	toixo
Spanish	toso
Spanish	toxo
Spanish	toya
Spanish	toyo
Spanish	ulaga
Spanish	arma
Spanish	aliaga
Spanish	argilaga
Spanish	árgoma
Spanish	tojo
Spanish	carqueja
Spanish	aulaga
Spanish	guiri
Arabic	جولق أوروبي
Arabic	جولق شائع
Azerbaijani	avropa uleksi
Bengali	ইউলেক্স ইউরোপিয়াস
br	lann-gallek
Catalan	gatosa europea
Czech	hlodáš evropský
Welsh	eithinen ffrengig
Danish	almindelig tornblad
German	gaspeldorn
German	gewöhnlicher stechginster
Esperanto	eŭropa ulekso
Basque	ote zuri
Persian	اولکس فرنگی
Finnish	euroopanpiikkiherne
Finnish	piikkiherne
French	ajonc deurope
French	ajonc d'europe
French	ajonc épineux
French	grand ajonc
Irish	aiteann francach
Irish	aiteann
Irish	aiteann gallda
Galician	toxo arnal
Upper Sorbian	kałaty pócćiw
Upper Sorbian	kałalc
Hungarian	tövis zanót
Hungarian	villogó sün-rekettye
Hungarian	európai sünzanót
Igbo	common gorse
Japanese	ハリエニシダ
Cornish	eythin
mi	kōti
Norwegian Bokmål	gulltorn
Dutch	gaspeldoorn
nrm	jaon
nrm	jaun
nrm	geon
pcd	jocjanmé
pcd	pleumé`d màré
pcd	ramon·néte às picos
pcd	zomàrin
pcd	jonmàrin
Polish	kolcolist zachodni
Russian	Утёсник европейский
sco	whin
Slovak	cezmína európska
Swedish	Ärttörne
Ukrainian	Улекс європейський
Walloon	djniesse ås spenes
Walloon	djiniesse ås spenes
Chinese	荆豆

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Ulex europaeus subsp. europaeus	L.	Unknown
Ulex europaeus subsp. latebracteatus	(Mariz) Rothm.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst.72: 115 (1941)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Tanzania
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Madeira
- Middle Atlantic Ocean
  - Ascension
  - Saint Helena
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces
  - Kwazulu-Natal
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Antarctica click to expand
- Subantarctic Islands
  - Falkland Islands

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Malesia
  - Jawa

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Tasmania
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia
- New Zealand
  - Antipodean Islands
  - Chatham Islands
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Krym
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Great Britain
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Italy
- Southwestern Europe
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - New York
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Oregon
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
- Caribbean
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
- Central America
  - Costa Rica
  - Panamá
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina South
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000213410
UNII	3349V12Y8N
Canadensys	5940
USDA Plants	ULEU
Tropicos	13034545
INPN	128114
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524298-1
The Plant List	ild-8476
Plantarium	39675
PFAF	Ulex europaeus
Open Tree Of Life	1056067
Observations.org	2791
NCBI Taxonomy	3902
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000003211
Nature Serve	2.146475
IUCN Red List	19891755
IPNI	524298-1
iNaturalist	51751
GBIF	2951984
Freebase	/m/07h0kv
FEIS	plants/shrub/uleeur
EPPO	ULEEU
EOL	703257
Elurikkus	340285
Calflora (Californian flora)	8395
USDA GRIN	40812
Wikipedia	Ulex_europaeus

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Quantum Dot Research in Breast Cancer: Challenges and Prospects

Omidian H, Wilson RL, Cubeddu LX

Materials (Basel)

04-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11085412
doi:	10.3390/ma17092152
PMID:	38730959

Probing the expression and adhesion of glycans involved in Helicobacter pylori infection

Sijmons D, Collett S, Soliman C, Guy AJ, Scott AM, Durrant LG, Elbourne A, Walduck AK, Ramsland PA

Sci Rep

13-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11016089
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-59234-w
PMID:	38615147

The Greuter Herbarium in Palermo: An Inventory of Its Type Specimens Available Online, with Some Thoughts on Type Terminology (Occasional Papers from the Herbarium Greuter, N° 5)

Greuter W

Plants (Basel)

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053905
doi:	10.3390/plants13081086
PMID:	38674494

A Microphysiological System for Studying Barrier Health of Live Tissues in Real Time

Way R, Templeton H, Ball D, Cheng MH, Tobet SA, Chen T

Res Sq

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11042443
doi:	10.21203/rs.3.rs-4078220/v1
PMID:	38659839

Lectins As Effective Tools in the Study of the Biliary Network and the Parenchymal Architecture of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Liver

Bhavsar H, Robinson Z, Benson M, Getachew F, González-Rosa JM, Lafontant PJ

Zebrafish

11-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11035847
doi:	10.1089/zeb.2023.0073
PMID:	38621207

Serum Clusterin Concentration and Its Glycosylation Changes as Potential New Diagnostic Markers of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Recovery Process

Sołkiewicz K, Kokot I, Kacperczyk M, Dymicka-Piekarska V, Dorf J, Kratz EM

Int J Mol Sci

10-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11049940
doi:	10.3390/ijms25084198
PMID:	38673784

Mucosal affairs: glycosylation and expression changes of gill goblet cells and mucins in a fish–polyopisthocotylidan interaction

Riera-Ferrer E, Del Pozo R, Muñoz-Berruezo U, Palenzuela O, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Estensoro I, Piazzon MC

Front Vet Sci

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11035888
doi:	10.3389/fvets.2024.1347707
PMID:	38655531

The expression system affects the binding affinity between p75NTR and proNGF

Hino M, Nakanishi M, Nomoto H

Biochem Biophys Rep

01-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11001769
doi:	10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101702
PMID:	38596407

Enzymatic conversion of human blood group A kidneys to universal blood group O

MacMillan S, Hosgood SA, Walker-Panse L, Rahfeld P, Macdonald SS, Kizhakkedathu JN, Withers SG, Nicholson ML

Nat Commun

30-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10981661
doi:	10.1038/s41467-024-47131-9
PMID:	38555382

Peeking into the Stingers: A Comprehensive SWATH-MS Study of the European Hornet Vespa crabro (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) Venom Sac Extracts

Feás X, Alonso-Sampedro M, Bravo SB, Vidal C

Int J Mol Sci

28-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11011553
doi:	10.3390/ijms25073798
PMID:	38612607

Fut2 Deficiency Promotes Intestinal Stem Cell Aging by Damaging Mitochondrial Functions via Down-Regulating α1,2-Fucosylation of Asah2 and Npc1

Duan C, Wang Z, Wu J, Tan C, Fang F, Qian W, Han C, Hou X

Research (Wash D C)

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10976588
doi:	10.34133/research.0343
PMID:	38550777

A Study of A1 and A2 Subtypes Among Whole-Blood Donors With Blood Groups A and AB at the Blood Center of a Tertiary Care Institute in Chhattisgarh

Wasnik M, Lahare S, Chandrakar R, Kashyap NK

Cureus

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11046175
doi:	10.7759/cureus.57013
PMID:	38681295

MRC1 and LYVE1 expressing macrophages in vascular beds of GNAQ p.R183Q driven capillary malformations in Sturge Weber syndrome

Nasim S, Bichsel C, Dayneka S, Mannix R, Holm A, Vivero M, Alexandrescu S, Pinto A, Greene AK, Ingber DE, Bischoff J

Acta Neuropathol Commun

26-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10964691
doi:	10.1186/s40478-024-01757-4
PMID:	38532508

Wildlife Conservation on Private Land: A Social-Ecological Systems Study

Taylor M, Brook B, Johnson C, de Little S

Environ Manage

23-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11024003
doi:	10.1007/s00267-024-01962-w
PMID:	38520553

Case report: Metastatic ovarian mucinous carcinoma to the breast: diagnostic challenges and pitfalls

Laokulrath N, Lim SK, Lim HY, Gudi M, Tan PH

Front Oncol

18-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10982378
doi:	10.3389/fonc.2024.1364011
PMID:	38562166

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Lupin alkaloids / Anagyrine-type alkaloids
(10R)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadeca-2,4-dien-6-one	10246	Click to see	244.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
(1S,9S,10R,12S)-12-hydroxy-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadeca-2,4-dien-6-one	131676079	Click to see	260.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
Anagyrine	5351589	Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3=CC=CC4=O	244.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9350000010 https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
Thermopsine	92768	Click to see	244.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9350000010
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Lupin alkaloids / Cytisine and derivatives
(1R,9R)-11-methyl-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2,4-dien-6-one	1747617	Click to see CN1CC2CC(C1)C3=CC=CC(=O)N3C2	204.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1R,9R)-6-oxo-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2,4-diene-11-carbaldehyde	7067491	Click to see	218.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1S,5R)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahydro-1,5-methano-8H-pyrido(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocin-8-one	683511	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1S,9R)-11-acetyl-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2,4-dien-6-one	7067492	Click to see	232.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1S,9R)-11-but-3-enyl-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2,4-dien-6-one	7067420	Click to see	244.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-1,5-methano-8H-pyrido(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocin-8-one	22407	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18922300605 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18942320608 https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.18910100302
CID 442947	442947	Click to see CN1CC2CC(C1)C3=CC=CC(=O)N3C2	204.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
Cytisine	10235	Click to see	190.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18942320608 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.18922300605 https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9 https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.18910100302
Cytisine, N-formyl-	589870	Click to see	218.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
N-acetylcytisine	3716901	Click to see CC(=O)N1CC2CC(C1)C3=CC=CC(=O)N3C2	232.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
N-Formylcytisine	179619	Click to see	218.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
N-Methylcytisine	670971	Click to see	204.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Lupin alkaloids / Sparteine, lupanine, and related alkaloids
(+)-Lupanine	91471	Click to see	248.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
(1R,2R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one	163184988	Click to see	248.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1R,2R,9R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one	6575009	Click to see	248.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1R,2R,9S,10S)-7,15-Diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one	442956	Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4=O	248.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
(1R,9R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadec-2-en-6-one	51018075	Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3=CCCC4=O	246.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
(1R,9R)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadec-2-en-6-one	163185252	Click to see	246.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2006.05.037
5,6-Dehydrolupanine	442950	Click to see	246.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/S00114-012-0970-9
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene	5280489	Click to see	536.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1038/1831680A0
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
Spiraeoside	5320844	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82823-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl hexopyranoside	5381351	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82823-X
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	44259225	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82823-X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones
Genistein	5280961	Click to see	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K
Isoprunetin	5748551	Click to see	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflavonoid O-glycosides
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl hexopyranoside	189922	Click to see	446.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960884
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Pyranoisoflavonoids
Ulexone A	14583600	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C2C(=C(C=C1O)O)C(=O)C(=CO2)C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OC(C=C4)(C)C)C	404.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K
Ulexone B	14583601	Click to see	402.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K
Ulexone C	14583602	Click to see	420.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K
Ulexone D	14583603	Click to see	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85444-K

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Ulex europaeus

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top