Tylosema esculentum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fd6df8b572805002305 |
| Scientific name | Tylosema esculentum |
| Authority | (Burch.) A.Schreib. |
| First published in | Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München3: 611 (1960) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Seed oil (marama oil); roasted seeds and seed flour; raw tuber as a starch source.
Industrial and craft applications:
No standardized or widely documented industrial uses beyond food are recorded.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Seeds are harvested and processed for oil extraction and flour production. Seed oil is used for cooking and frying. Seed flour functions as a food ingredient, contributing protein and dietary fiber. Roasted whole seeds are consumed as a snack. The tuber is eaten, typically boiled or roasted.
Colorants and tanning:
No documented use as a dye or tanning agent.
Wood and fiber:
No documented timber or fiber use.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented use in fragrance or cosmetics.
Properties relevant to use:
Seed oil typically contains high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic and linoleic acids, supporting oxidative stability and suitable cooking performance. Seed flour is protein-rich and contains complex carbohydrates that can contribute structure and functionality in doughs and batters. Tubers provide starchy carbohydrates.
Standards and regulation:
No specific established standards or regulatory frameworks are documented for marama products.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Marama is a perennial adapted to arid/semi-arid environments of southern Africa and can be cultivated under low-input conditions; seeds and tubers are harvested directly from plants for local use.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Bauhinia esculenya | Burch. | Trav. S. Africa2: 589 (1824) |
| Bauhinia bainesii | Schinz | Mém. Herb. Boissier1: 121 (1900) |
| Phanera burkeana | Benth. | F.A.W.Miquel, Pl. Jungh.: 264 (1852) |
| Bauhinia burkeana | Benth. ex Harv. & Sond. | W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap.2: 275 (1862) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Danish | maramabønne |
| German | kletterbauhinie |
| German | maramabohne |
| French | marama |
| Chinese | 食用异柱豆 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Zimbabwe
-
Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Cape Provinces
- Namibia
- Northern Provinces
-
South Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000171180 |
| Tropicos | 13052164 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524263-1 |
| The Plant List | ild-1744 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 121922 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 189976 |
| IPNI | 524263-1 |
| iNaturalist | 571051 |
| GBIF | 5353681 |
| Freebase | /m/0gyvvf |
| EOL | 638925 |
| USDA GRIN | 411903 |
| Wikipedia | Tylosema_esculentum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_052819105.1 | Tylosema_esculentum_1.0 | Scaffold | Case Western Reserve University | 2025-09-24 | 70 | 527.64 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives | |||||
| Protocatechuic Acid | 72 | Click to see | 154.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids | |||||
| Gallic Acid | 370 | Click to see | 170.12 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids | |||||
| 9-Octadecenoic Acid | 965 | Click to see | 282.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Oleic Acid | 445639 | Click to see | 282.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Very long-chain fatty acids | |||||
| Docosanoic Acid | 8215 | Click to see | 340.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| (2Z)-2-[(4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene]acetonitrile | 163190771 | Click to see | 329.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Ethyl glucoside, alpha- | 9815668 | Click to see | 208.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Glucopyranoside, ethyl | 428040 | Click to see | 208.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Hex-2-ulofuranosyl hexopyranoside | 1115 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O | 342.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Sucrose | 5988 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans | |||||
| (3aR,6S,7R,7aR)-6,7-dihydroxy-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one | 131014862 | Click to see | 170.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| (6S,7R,7aR)-6,7-dihydroxy-7,7a-dihydro-6H-1-benzofuran-2-one | 124356406 | Click to see | 168.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| 6,7-dihydroxy-7,7a-dihydro-6H-1-benzofuran-2-one | 324687 | Click to see | 168.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols | |||||
| Kaempferol | 5280863 | Click to see | 286.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 5462193 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
| Astragalin | 5282102 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2011.07.006 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |