Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Leucoium incanum	Moench	Methodus : 257 (1794)
Mathiolaria annua	Chevall.	Fl. Gén. Env. Paris , ed. 2, 2: 910 (1836)
Mathiolaria glabrata	Chevall.	Fl. Gén. Env. Paris , ed. 2, 2: 911 (1836)
Matthiola simplicicaulis	Sweet	Hort. Brit. : 17 (1826)
Matthiola stephanos-mariae	Sennen	Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 72: 14 (1925 publ. 1926)
Matthiola graeca	Sweet	Hort. Bot. Vindob. : 147 (1818)
Matthiola glabrata	DC.	Prodr. 1: 133 (1824)
Matthiola patens	C.Presl	Delic. Prag. : 17 (1822)
Matthiola annua	Sweet	Hort. Bot. Vindob. : 147 (1818)
Matthiola arborescens	Sternb.	Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 188 (1824)
Matthiola fasciculata	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 714 (1821)
Matthiola fenestralis	(L.) R.Br.	Hortus Kew. 4: 419 1812
Matthiola crucigera	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 177 (1821)
Matthiola vulgaris	Spach	Hist. Nat. Vég. 6: 403 (1838)
Microstigma incanum	Britton	Fl. Bermuda : 149 (1918)
Cheiranthus albus	Mill.	Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 8 (1768)
Cheiranthus annuus	L.	Sp. Pl. : 662 (1753)
Cheiranthus arborescens	Sieber ex Link	Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 166 (1822)
Cheiranthus coccineus	Mill.	Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 7 (1768)
Cheiranthus fenestralis	L.	Sp. Pl. : 1198 (1753)
Cheiranthus glaber	Mill.	Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 9 (1768)
Cheiranthus glaberrimus	Colla	Antoleg. Bot. 5: 861 (1814)
Cheiranthus graecus	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 201 (1806)
Cheiranthus hortensis	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 2: 506 (1779)
Cheiranthus incanus	L.	Sp. Pl. : 662 (1753)
Cheiranthus viridis	Ehrh.	Beitr. Naturk. 7: 158 (1792)
Hesperis aestiva	Lam.	Encycl. 3: 324 (1789)
Hesperis fasciculata	Raf.	Specchio Sci. 2: 7 (1814)
Hesperis fenestralis	Lam.	Encycl. 3: 324 (1789)
Hesperis incana	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
Hesperis violaria	Lam.	Encycl. 3: 328 (1789)
Matthiola masguindali	Pau	Cavanillesia 1: 137 (1929)
Mathiolaria incana	Chevall.	Fl. Gén. Env. Paris , ed. 2, 2: 910 (1836)
Matthiola glabra	DC.	Syst. Nat. 2: 165 (1821)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	tenweeks stock
English	wallflower
English	gillyflower
English	hoary stock
Arabic	منثور الصحراء
Arabic	منثور بري
Arabic	خيرى أصفر
Arabic	عُصيفرة
Belarusian	Ляўконія сівая
Catalan	violer bord
Czech	fiala šedivá
Welsh	blodyn mam-gu
Welsh	llysiau'r fagwyr
Welsh	murwyll lledlwyd
Danish	sommerlevkøj
German	sommerlevkoje
German	garten-levkoje
Greek	Μαθιόλα η πολιά
Estonian	aedlevkoi
French	grande giroflée
French	giroflée des jardins
French	girofée des fenêtres
frr	guard-lakeu
Manx	lus y touree
Armenian	Շահպրակ ալեհեր
Italian	violaciocca rossa
Italian	violacciocche
Italian	violacciocca
Korean	스토크
Cornish	knowdhel
Malayalam	മട്തിയോല ഇൻകാന
Dutch	zomerviolier
Dutch	violier
Russian	левкой седой
Slovak	fiala sivá
Swedish	lövkoja
Chinese	紫罗兰
Chinese	紫羅蘭

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Matthiola incana subsp. melitensis	Brullo, Lanfr., Pavone & Ronsisv.	Giorn. Bot. Ital. 122(Supp. 1): 45 (1988)
Matthiola incana subsp. pulchella	(Tineo ex Guss.) Brullo & Furnari	Webbia 34: 161 (1979)
Matthiola incana subsp. rupestris	(Kuntze) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 30 1878

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Palestine
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Pakistan

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Norfolk Island
  - South Australia
  - Tasmania
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - East European Russia
- Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia
- Northern Europe
  - Great Britain
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Bermuda
- Southern South America
  - Argentina South
  - Chile North
  - Juan Fernández Islands
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000368988
UNII	X290301G6Y
Canadensys	4077
USDA Plants	MAIN4
Tropicos	4100224
INPN	107495
Flora of Italy	1372
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286910-1
The Plant List	kew-2359115
Plantarium	23803
Missouri Botanical Garden	278041
Open Tree Of Life	359068
Observations.org	128999
NCBI Taxonomy	3724
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0000460619
Nature Serve	2.154577
IPNI	286910-1
iNaturalist	77966
GBIF	5377378
Freebase	/m/02qd785
EPPO	MTLIN
EOL	583786
Elurikkus	5656
Calflora (Californian flora)	5375
USDA GRIN	23480
Wikipedia	Matthiola_incana

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Synergistic interplay between melatonin and hydrogen sulfide enhances cadmium-induced oxidative stress resistance in stock (Matthiola incana L.)

Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ali HM, Hancock JT, Yong JW

Plant Signal Behav

02-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10989696
doi:	10.1080/15592324.2024.2331357
PMID:	38564424

Photoperiodic and lighting treatments for flowering control and its genetic regulation in sugarcane breeding

Wickramasinghe KP, Kong CY, Lin XQ, Zhao PF, Mehdi F, Li XJ, Liu XL, Mao J, Lu X

Heliyon

26-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10998108
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28531
PMID:	38586380

Evaluation of some garden flowers as specialty cut flowers in Eskisehir province-Türkiye

Yiğiter S, Coskun İ

PeerJ

22-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10962335
doi:	10.7717/peerj.17114
PMID:	38529303

Bacterial host adaptation through sequence and structural variations of a single type III effector gene

Lauber E, González-Fuente M, Escouboué M, Vicédo C, Luneau JS, Pouzet C, Jauneau A, Gris C, Zhang ZM, Pichereaux C, Carrère S, Deslandes L, Noël LD

iScience

15-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10909901
doi:	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109224
PMID:	38439954

In vivo application of potent probiotics for enhancing potato growth and controlling Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum infections

Abdel-Moghies AH, El-Sehrawy MH, Zakaria AE, Fahmy SM

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

09-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10858073
doi:	10.1007/s10482-024-01928-2
PMID:	38334837

Metabolic Patterns of Flavonoid and Its Key Gene Expression Characteristics of Five Cultivars of Tulipa gesneriana during Flower Development

Li S, Chen J, Guo X, Li X, Shen Q, Fu X, Tang D

Plants (Basel)

05-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10857304
doi:	10.3390/plants13030459
PMID:	38337991

The quest for Homer’s moly: exploring the potential of an early ethnobotanical complex

Molina-Venegas R, Verano R

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

20-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10799392
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00650-7
PMID:	38245738

Understanding the Lost: Reconstruction of the Garden Design of Villa Peretti Montalto (Rome, Italy) for Urban Valorization

Bartoli F, D’Amato L, Nucera A, Albani Rocchetti G, Caneva G

Plants (Basel)

26-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10780482
doi:	10.3390/plants13010077
PMID:	38202385

A Ca2+ sensor BraCBL1.2 involves in BraCRa-mediated clubroot resistance in Chinese cabbage

Piao Y, Li S, Chen Y, Zhao S, Piao Z, Wang H

Hortic Res

13-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10828780
doi:	10.1093/hr/uhad261
PMID:	38298901

Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae race 1 and 4 via race-specific real-time PCR and target enrichment

Mestdagh H, Van Poucke K, Haegeman A, Dockx T, Vandevelde I, Dendauw E, Decombel A, Höfte M, Heungens K

Front Plant Sci

23-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10701524
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1272136
PMID:	38078084

Genome Assembly and Microsatellite Marker Development Using Illumina and PacBio Sequencing in the Carex pumila (Cyperaceae) from Korea

Kim KR, Yu JN, Hong JM, Kim SY, Park SY

Genes (Basel)

10-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10671310
doi:	10.3390/genes14112063
PMID:	38003006

Exploring Plants with Flowers: From Therapeutic Nutritional Benefits to Innovative Sustainable Uses

Coyago-Cruz E, Moya M, Méndez G, Villacís M, Rojas-Silva P, Corell M, Mapelli-Brahm P, Vicario IM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ

Foods

08-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10671036
doi:	10.3390/foods12224066
PMID:	38002124

Plant Extracts as Skin Care and Therapeutic Agents

Michalak M

Int J Mol Sci

22-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10607442
doi:	10.3390/ijms242015444
PMID:	37895122

Deficit irrigation strategies (PRD, SDI) and titanium nanoparticles improve water use efficiency and flower quality in greenhouse-grown cut roses

Alavi SM, Kamali M, Selahvarzi Y, Ansari S

Sci Rep

21-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10590367
doi:	10.1038/s41598-023-45042-1
PMID:	37865717

The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.)

Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ

PLoS One

04-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10602594
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:	37792900

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / C19-gibberellins / C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids
Gibberellin A1	5280379	Click to see CC12C(CCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)OC2=O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A20	5280481	Click to see CC12CCCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)OC2=O	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A34	5281987	Click to see CC12C3C(C45CC(CCC4C3(CC(C1O)O)OC2=O)C(=C)C5)C(=O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A37	14605568	Click to see CC12C(CCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)C(=C)C5)C(=O)O)COC2=O)O	346.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A4	92109	Click to see CC12C(CCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)C(=C)C5)C(=O)O)OC2=O)O	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A8	5280607	Click to see CC12C3C(C45CC(=C)C(C4)(CCC5C3(CC(C1O)O)OC2=O)O)C(=O)O	364.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / C20-gibberellins / C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids
(1S,2S,3S,4R,8R,9S,11R,12R)-11-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid	163059782	Click to see CC12CCCC(C1C(C34C2CC(C(C3)C(=C)C4)O)C(=O)O)(C)C(=O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
(2S,3S,4R,8R,9S,11R,12R)-11-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid	163185668	Click to see CC12CCCC(C1C(C34C2CC(C(C3)C(=C)C4)O)C(=O)O)(C)C(=O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A19	5460209	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(C34C2CCC(C3)(C(=C)C4)O)C(=O)O)C=O)C(=O)O	362.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
Gibberellin A24	443454	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(C34C2CCC(C3)C(=C)C4)C(=O)O)C=O)C(=O)O	346.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
2-(4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-trienyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-3H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one	163009330	Click to see CC1C2=C(C3=C(C=CC=C3OC2=O)C)OC1(C)C=CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C	378.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00824-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxane-3,4,5-triol	162890773	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CCOCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-11-1201
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans / Naphthopyranones
(12R,14S,15R)-14-[(12R,14S,15S)-2,15-dihydroxy-12-methoxy-6-methyl-4,11-dioxo-5,13-dioxatetracyclo[8.5.0.03,8.012,14]pentadeca-1(10),2,6,8-tetraen-14-yl]-2,15-dihydroxy-12-methoxy-6-methyl-5,13-dioxatetracyclo[8.5.0.03,8.012,14]pentadeca-1(10),2,6,8-tetraene-4,11-dione	163060622	Click to see CC1=CC2=CC3=C(C(C4(C(C3=O)(O4)OC)C56C(C7=C(C=C8C=C(OC(=O)C8=C7O)C)C(=O)C5(O6)OC)O)O)C(=C2C(=O)O1)O	606.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-11-1201
> Organosulfur compounds / Sulfoxides
Sulforaphene	6433206	Click to see CS(=O)C=CCCN=C=S	175.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00979663
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85114-6
Ferulic acid	445858	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85114-6
p-Coumaric acid	637542	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)O)O	164.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85114-6
Sinapinic acid	637775	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C=CC(=O)O	224.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)85114-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
(+)-Leucocyanidin	155206	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O)O	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00393505
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
(2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one	667495	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one	932	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
Eriodictyol	440735	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	662	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
Aromadendrin	122850	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	288.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
Taxifolin	439533	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O	304.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Leucoanthocyanidins
cis-3,4-Leucopelargonidin	440073	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O	290.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00393505
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Anthocyanins / Anthocyanidin-3-O-glycosides
Pelargonidin 3-glucoside ion	443648	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	433.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00824-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Hydroxyflavonoids / 7-hydroxyflavonoids
Cyanidin	128861	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2O)O)O)O)O	287.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-11-1201 https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
Flavylium, 3,3',4',5,5',7-hexahydroxy-	128853	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2O)O)O	303.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-11-1201
Pelargonidin	440832	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=[O+]C3=CC(=CC(=C3C=C2O)O)O)O	271.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
Naringenin chalcone	5280960	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2O)O)O)O	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1983-7-810

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

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Matthiola incana

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top