Spiranthes vernalis, also known as the spring ladies'-tresses, is a type of orchid found in North America, Central America, and the Bahamas. This perennial plant blooms in early summer, displaying a unique spiral of white flowers. It is a popular species among orchid enthusiasts and is native to various regions in the Americas.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ibidium vernalis	(Engelm. & A.Gray) House	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 381 (1905)
Spiranthes ensifolia	Rchb.f.	Bonplandia (Hannover) 4: 221 (1856)
Spiranthes graminea var. praecox	Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.	Prelim. Cat. : 52 (1888)
Spiranthes reverchonii	K.Schum.	Just's Bot. Jahresber. 26(1): 339 (1898)
Triorchos linearis	(Rydb.) Nieuwl.	Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 123 1913
Triorchos vernalis	(Engelm. & A.Gray) House	Amer. Midl. Naturalist 6: 206 1920
Triorchos xyridifolius	(Small) Britton	Fl. Bermuda 90 1918
Gyrostachys ensifolia	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 664 (1891)
Gyrostachys linearis	Rydb. in Britton	Man. Fl. N. States : 300 (1901)
Gyrostachys praecox	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 663 (1891)
Gyrostachys reverchonii	Small	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 610 (1898)
Gyrostachys vernalis	(Engelm. & A.Gray) Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 664 (1891)
Gyrostachys xyridifolia	Small	Fl. S.E. U.S. : 318 (1903)
Ibidium vernale	(Engelm. & A.Gray) House	Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 381 (1905)
Spiranthes reverchonii	(Small) Cory	Rhodora 1936, xxxviii. 405.

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
English	spring lady's tresses
Spanish	trenzas de damas
Spanish	triorchis xyridifolia
Arabic	لولوبة ربيعية
Portuguese	ophrys aestivalis
Portuguese	triorchis xyridifolia

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Québec
- Mexico
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Southeast
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Iowa
  - Kansas
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - Oklahoma
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Massachusetts
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Rhode Island
  - West Virginia
- South-central U.S.A.
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Arkansas
  - Delaware
  - District Of Columbia
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Kentucky
  - Louisiana
  - Maryland
  - Mississippi
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
  - Tennessee
  - Virginia

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Bahamas
- Central America
  - Guatemala

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000313502
Florida Plant Atlas	3349
Flora of Alabama	4622
USDA Plants	SPVE
Tropicos	23503170
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:242831-2
The Plant List	kew-194578
Open Tree Of Life	303292
NCBI Taxonomy	126265
Nature Serve	2.153069
IPNI	242831-2
iNaturalist	121436
GBIF	2805347
EOL	1130272
USDA GRIN	455011
Wikipedia	Spiranthes_vernalis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Tulasnella calospora (UAMH 9824) retains its effectiveness at facilitating orchid symbiotic germination in vitro after two decades of subculturing

Zettler LW, Dvorak CJ

Bot Stud

27-Sep-2021

PMCID:	PMC8476677
doi:	10.1186/s40529-021-00321-w
PMID:	34580790

Further evidence of Ceratobasidium D.P. Rogers (Basidiomycota) serving as the ubiquitous fungal associate of Platanthera leucophaea (Orchidaceae) in the North American tallgrass prairie

Thixton HL, Esselman EJ, Corey LL, Zettler LW

Bot Stud

15-Apr-2020

PMCID:	PMC7158956
doi:	10.1186/s40529-020-00289-z
PMID:	32297130

An initial industrial flora: A framework for botanical research in cooperation with industry for biodiversity conservation

Lucardi RD, Cunard CE, Hughes SC, Burgess KS, Reed JN, Whitehurst LE, Worthy SJ, Marsico TD

PLoS One

01-Apr-2020

PMCID:	PMC7112212
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0230729
PMID:	32236107

Alternative translation initiation codons for the plastid maturase MatK: unraveling the pseudogene misconception in the Orchidaceae

Barthet MM, Moukarzel K, Smith KN, Patel J, Hilu KW

BMC Evol Biol

29-Sep-2015

PMCID:	PMC4587860
doi:	10.1186/s12862-015-0491-1
PMID:	26416561

Chemical constituents from Spiranthes sinensis

Jing Liu, Cong-Ying Li, Yu-Jiao Zhong, Lin Yang, Yan-Fang Li

Elsevier BV

17-Dec-2012

doi:	10.1016/J.BSE.2012.11.001

Studies on the constituents of orchidaceous plants. IX. Constituents of Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames var. amoena (M. Bieberson) Hara. (2). Structures of spiranthesol, spiranthoquinone, spiranthol-C, and spirasineol-B, new isopentenyldihydrophenanthrenes.

Yasuhiro TEZUKA, Li JI, Hiroyuki HIRANO, Midori UEDA, Keiko NAGASHIMA, Tohru KIKUCHI

Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

08-Dec-2011

doi:	10.1248/CPB.38.629

Studies on the constituents of orchidaceous plants. VIII. Constituents of Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames var. amoena (M. Bieberson) Hara. (1). Isolation and structure elucidation of spiranthol-A, spiranthol-B, and spirasineol-A, new isopentenyldihydrophenanthrenes.

Yasuhiro TEZUKA, Midori UEDA, Tohru KIKUCHI

Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

08-Dec-2011

doi:	10.1248/CPB.37.3195

Flavonoid constituents from Spiranthes australis LINDL.

Dong ML, Chen G, Zhou ZM

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)

01-Nov-2008

doi:	10.1248/CPB.56.1600
PMID:	18981613

Homocyclotirucallane and two dihydrophenanthrenes from Spiranthes sinensis.

Lin YL, Wang WY, Kuo YH, Liu YH

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)

01-Sep-2001

doi:	10.1248/CPB.49.1098
PMID:	11558594

Dihydrophenanthrenes from Spiranthes sinensis.

Lin YL, Huang RL, Don MJ, Kuo YH

J Nat Prod

01-Dec-2000

doi:	10.1021/NP000170P
PMID:	11141097

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzylethers
4-(Ethoxymethyl)phenol	93781	Click to see CCOCC1=CC=C(C=C1)O	152.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives
sinensol E	11796980	Click to see CC(C)(C1CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2CCC4=C3C(=CC(=C4CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)O	432.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BSE.2012.11.001
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Hydrophenanthrenes
1-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-4,7-diol	44392570	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C3=C(CC2)C=C(C=C3)O)C(=C1)O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
5,7-Dimethoxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-9,10-dihydrophenanthren-2-ol	14520931	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C2C(=CC(=C3)OC)OC)O)C	324.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.3195
8-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-7-methoxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,5-diol	9979308	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C2C(=CC(=C3CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)OC)O)O)C	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.37.3195 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.38.629
Oovavljiumkkqs-uhfffaoysa-	14583240	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=O)OC)O)C	324.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
Orchinol	181686	Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C3=C(CC2)C=C(C=C3)O)C(=C1)OC	256.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.38.629
Sinensol A	10737359	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)CCC4=C2C=CC(=C4)O)OC	362.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
Sinensol B	10598739	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C(C(=CC(=C32)OC)OC)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)C	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BSE.2012.11.001 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
Sinensol C	10549832	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C(C(=CC(=C32)OC)O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)C	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BSE.2012.11.001 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
Sinensol G	11001405	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=C2CCC3=C(C2=C1)C(=CC(=C3)OC)O)O)C	310.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
Spiranthol A	10018282	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=C2C(=CC(=C3)OC)O)O)C	310.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.38.629
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
4-[3-[3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propoxy]propyl]phenol	91202108	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1CCCOCCCC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O	286.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Tyrosols and derivatives
p-Hydroxybenzylmethylether	23050675	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1CCOCCC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O	258.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
Spiranthesol	14583239	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)O)C4=C(C(=C5CCC6=C(C5=C4)C(=CC(=C6)OC)O)CC=C(C)C)O)OC)O)C	618.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.38.629
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3R,5S,8S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R)-4-[(1R)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl]butan-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	154497468	Click to see CC(CCC1CC1(C)C)C2CCC3(C2(CC=C4C3CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans
7-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydronaphtho[2,1-f]chromen-10-ol	14583242	Click to see CC1(CCC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2CCC4=C3C(=CC(=C4CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)C	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.38.629
Sinensol D	10621720	Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2CCC4=C3C(=CC(=C4CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)OC)O)C	414.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000170P
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids
1,8-Bis[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-7-methoxy-3-phenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,4,5-triol	11006106	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C(=C1)O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3CC2)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)C5=CC=CC=C5)O)CC6=CC=C(C=C6)O	546.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
3,5-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one	5378823	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)O	314.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.56.1600
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Phenylpropanoic acids
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid	10394	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1CCC(=O)O)O	166.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.49.1098

Biological Material Top

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Spiranthes vernalis

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top