Boophone disticha - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID6440256104f1c819090033
Scientific name Boophone disticha
Authority Herb.
First published in Bot. Mag. 52: t. 2578 (1825)

Description Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Haemanthus ciliaris L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 413 (1762)
Haemanthus distichus L.f. ex Savage Herbertia 4: 97 (1937)
Haemanthus robustus Pax Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 140 (1892)
Haemanthus sinuatus Thunb.Mus.Ups. ex Schult.f. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7: 892 (1830)
Haemanthus toxicarius L.f. ex Aiton Hort. Kew. 1: 405 (1789)
Amaryllis disticha L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 195 (1782)
Amaryllis toxicaria D.Dietr. Syn. Pl. 2: 1181 (1840)
Boophone intermedia M.Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 4: 59 (1847)
Boophone longepedicellata Pax Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 4 (1888)
Boophone toxicaria (L.f. ex Aiton) Herb. Appendix : 18 (1821)
Brunsvigia ciliaris [Ker-Gawl.] Bot. Reg. 3: t. 192, 193 (1817)
Brunsvigia disticha Sweet Hort. Brit. : 404 (1826)
Brunsvigia rautanenii Baker Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 3: 667 (1903)
Brunsvigia toxicaria [Ker-Gawl.] Bot. Reg. 7: t. 567 (1822)
Haemanthus lemairei De Wild. Contr. Fl. Katanga 33. 1921 (1921)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English bushman poison bulb
English candelabra flower
English cape poison bulb
English tumblehead
Afrikaans seeroogblom
Afrikaans perdespook
Afrikaans malkopgif
Afrikaans boesmangifbol
Afrikaans gifbol
Afrikaans kopseerblom
Arabic ذعاقة سامة
German fächerlilie
Chinese 草原风扇
Chinese 布风花
Chinese 双生布风
Chinese 刺眼花
Zulu incotho

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Sudan
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Malawi
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • Southern Africa
      • Botswana
      • Cape Provinces
      • Free State
      • Kwazulu-Natal
      • Lesotho
      • Namibia
      • Northern Provinces
      • Swaziland
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi
      • Rwanda
      • Zaïre

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000761937
Tropicos 1201950
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60455694-2
The Plant List kew-300915
Open Tree Of Life 434612
NCBI Taxonomy 112533
IPNI 60455694-2
iNaturalist 367465
GBIF 2854664
Freebase /m/0hhq3v2
EPPO BOPDI
EOL 1086357
USDA GRIN 7419
Wikipedia Boophone_disticha
CMAUP NPO11064

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Skeletons in the closet? Using a bibliometric lens to visualise phytochemical and pharmacological activities linked to Sceletium, a mood enhancer Reddy K, Stafford GI, Makunga NP Front Plant Sci 21-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10991851
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1268101
PMID:38576783
The Meaning of Plants' Names: A New Discovering Approach to Its Medicinal and/or Toxic Properties dos Santos Dantas Lima L, Felipe Domingues Passero L, Indriunas A, de Souza Santos I, Francisco Uchôa Coqueiro L, Alexandre Souza da Cruz K, Batista de Almeida A, Carlos Fernandes Galduróz J, Rodrigues E Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 19-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10896657
doi:10.1155/2024/6678557
PMID:38410808
Indigenous knowledge and use of medicinal plants for ethnoveterinary within the North West Province, South Africa Ndou RV, Materechera SA, Mwanza M, Otang-Mbeng W, Ijane MF Front Vet Sci 22-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10703488
doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1273562
PMID:38076569
Babesiosis: Current status and future perspectives in Pakistan and chemotherapy used in livestock and pet animals Azhar M, Gadahi JA, Bhutto B, Tunio S, Vistro WA, Tunio H, Bhutto S, Ram T Heliyon 18-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10333442
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17172
PMID:37441378
Advances on the Amaryllidacea Alkaloids Collected in South Africa, Andean South America and the Mediterranean Basin Evidente A Molecules 12-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10224442
doi:10.3390/molecules28104055
PMID:37241796
Boophone disticha attenuates five day repeated forced swim-induced stress and adult hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in male Balb/c mice Xhakaza NK, Nkomozepi P, Mbajiorgu EF Anat Cell Biol 31-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC9989792
doi:10.5115/acb.22.120
PMID:36267006
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by indigenous knowledge holders to manage healthcare needs in children Ndhlovu PT, Asong JA, Omotayo AO, Otang-Mbeng W, Aremu AO PLoS One 27-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10042359
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0282113
PMID:36972257
Natural product-based pharmacological studies for neurological disorders Puri V, Kanojia N, Sharma A, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sangnim T Front Pharmacol 07-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9676372
doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1011740
PMID:36419628
A Review of African Medicinal Plants and Functional Foods for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease-related Phenotypes, Treatment of HSV-1 Infection and/or Improvement of Gut Microbiota Tettevi EJ, Maina M, Simpong DL, Osei-Atweneboana MY, Ocloo A J Evid Based Integr Med 21-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9310297
doi:10.1177/2515690X221114657
PMID:35866220
Ethnoveterinary Practices and Ethnobotanical Knowledge on Plants Used against Cattle Diseases among Two Communities in South Africa Chakale MV, Asong JA, Struwig M, Mwanza M, Aremu AO Plants (Basel) 05-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9268905
doi:10.3390/plants11131784
PMID:35807736
Antidepressant Effects of South African Plants: An Appraisal of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Ethnopharmacological and Phytochemical Studies Bonokwane MB, Lekhooa M, Struwig M, Aremu AO Front Pharmacol 29-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9277359
doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.895286
PMID:35846999
Traditional uses of wild and tended plants in maintaining ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa Maroyi A J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 15-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8925170
doi:10.1186/s13002-022-00512-0
PMID:35292046
Alkaloid Profiling, Anti-Enzymatic and Antiproliferative Activity of the Endemic Chilean Amaryllidaceae Phycella cyrtanthoides Fernández-Galleguillos C, Romero-Parra J, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Simirgiotis MJ Metabolites 18-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8874788
doi:10.3390/metabo12020188
PMID:35208261
Translational Informatics for Natural Products as Antidepressant Agents Singla RK, Joon S, Shen L, Shen B Front Cell Dev Biol 20-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8811306
doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.738838
PMID:35127696
Wound Healing Activities and Potential of Selected African Medicinal Plants and Their Synthesized Biogenic Nanoparticles Tyavambiza C, Dube P, Goboza M, Meyer S, Madiehe AM, Meyer M Plants (Basel) 30-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8706794
doi:10.3390/plants10122635
PMID:34961106

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Amaryllidaceae alkaloids / Crinine- and Haemanthamine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids
9,15-Dimethoxy-5,7,17-trioxa-12-azahexacyclo[10.6.2.01,13.02,10.04,8.016,18]icosa-2,4(8),9-triene 271606 Click to see COC1CC2C3(CCN2CC4=C(C5=C(C=C43)OCO5)OC)C6C1O6 331.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701678227749
Bulphanidine 407581 Click to see COC1CC2C3(CCN2CC4=C(C5=C(C=C43)OCO5)OC)C=C1 315.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701678227749
Buphanidrine 338023 Click to see COC1CC2C3(CCN2CC4=C(C5=C(C=C43)OCO5)OC)C=C1 315.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701678227749
Crinamidine 399204 Click to see COC1=C2CN3CCC4(C3CC(C5C4O5)O)C2=CC6=C1OCO6 317.34 unknown https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701678227749
Undulatine 3083985 Click to see COC1CC2C3(CCN2CC4=C(C5=C(C=C43)OCO5)OC)C6C1O6 331.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701678227749
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 72 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C(=O)O)O)O 154.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
Catalpic acid 5385589 Click to see CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O 278.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Glycosylglycerols / Glycosyldiacylglycerols / 1,2-diacyl-3-O-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerols
[(2S)-2-[(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate 10509461 Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC 781.10 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(1R,2R,4bR,6R,7R,8aS)-2-ethenyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-1,5,6,7,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthren-3-one 56954823 Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(C1O)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C 332.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(1R,4S,6S,9S,10S,13S)-6-hydroxy-5,5,9,13-tetramethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadec-14-ene-7,12-dione 5352023 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C=C3)(C(=O)CC4C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)C)C 316.40 unknown via CMAUP database
(5beta,10alpha,13R)-3alpha-Hydroxypimara-8(14),15-diene-12-one 101448906 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3=CC(C(=O)CC3C2(CCC1O)C)(C)C=C)C 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
17-Norkaur-15-ene-3,12-dione, 13-methyl-, (8I(2),13I(2))- 100926172 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C=C3)(C(=O)CC4C2(CCC1=O)C)C)C 300.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Beyerene 107412 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CCC34C2CCC(C3)(C=C4)C)C)C 272.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene 12314280 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CCC3=CC(CCC32)(C)C=C)C)C 272.50 unknown via CMAUP database
yucalexin B-22 44448252 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C=C3)(C(=O)CC4C2(CC(C1O)O)C)C)C 318.40 unknown via CMAUP database
yucalexin P-15 44448251 Click to see CC1(C2CC=C3C(C(C(=O)C=C3C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)(C)C=C)O)C 330.40 unknown via CMAUP database
yucalexin P-17 44448241 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3=CC(C(CC3C2(CC(=O)C1O)C)O)(C)C=C)C 318.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids
ent-Kaurene 11966109 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CCC34C2CCC(C3)C(=C)C4)C)C 272.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Villanovane, atisane, trachylobane or helvifulvane diterpenoids / Atisane diterpenoids
(16S)-16-Hydroxy-13,16-secotrachyloba-13-ene-3-one 100926173 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(C(CC3C2(CCC1=O)C)C=C4)(C)O)C 302.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
CID 12443227 12443227 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Esculentoic acid B 102134163 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1=O)C)CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C 454.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Taraxerol 92097 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Taraxerone 92785 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)(C)C)C)C)C 424.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
Beta-Carotene 5280489 Click to see CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C 536.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(4aS,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one 38359273 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 424.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Beta-Amyrin 73145 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
beta-Amyrone 12306160 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(=O)C5(C)C)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 424.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Lupenone 92158 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C 424.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(E,1R,4S)-4-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-2-enyl]-8,10,13-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 23246947 Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C)C(C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 12943207 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2C=CC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)C(C)C 410.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Sitogluside 5742590 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C 576.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides
Epilotaustralin 185818 Click to see CCC(C)(C#N)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O 261.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Linamarin 11128 Click to see CC(C)(C#N)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O 247.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
2-((6-O-(beta-D-apiofuranosyl)beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)propane 10316099 Click to see CC(C)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)COC2C(C(CO2)(CO)O)O)O)O)O 354.35 unknown via CMAUP database
ethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 121667 Click to see CCOC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O 208.21 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides
Esculin 5281417 Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O 340.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Scopolin 439514 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin 5281416 Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)O)O 178.14 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin 5280460 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)O 192.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Cianidanol 9064 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside 5318767 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Rutin 5280805 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 610.50 unknown via CMAUP database

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