Echinophora tenuifolia
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644018e78d882519358622 |
| Scientific name | Echinophora tenuifolia |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 239 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among Iranian herbalists the dried aerial parts of Echinophora tenuifolia are prepared as a hot infusion to ease indigestion and flatulence; the same decoction is used as a carminative and to “warm the stomach” (Djavadi and Yassa, 2019; Mozaffarian, 2012). In Central Anatolia people collect the herb in spring, dry it, and make a mild daily tea to aid digestion and settle the stomach, reporting the brew as aromatic and slightly bitter (Kose et al., 2011). In western Syria and Lebanon a bitter leaf tea is taken as an after‑meal tonic and to support upper respiratory comfort; a cooled decoction of the leafy stems is also splashed on insect bites and superficial scrapes (Gali-Muhtasib, 2000; Chevallier, 1996).
A practical preparation: place 1–2 g of air‑dried aerial parts in a cup (≈200–250 mL) of near‑boiling water, cover and steep 10–12 minutes, then strain. Drink 1 cup after meals as needed. This “mild tea” is the form most commonly reported in modern Iranian and Turkish folk practice (Djavadi and Yassa, 2019; Kose et al., 2011). Do not use during pregnancy or breastfeeding; stop if heartburn or nausea occurs. Do not use in persons taking coumarin‑type anticoagulants without medical advice.
The flavor and activity of the tea are associated with a phenylpropanoid‑rich essential oil and coumarin profile, including α‑pinene, β‑pinene, limonene, p‑cymene, myristicin, p‑hydroxybenzaldehyde, and coumarins such as scopoletin and osthole, all reported in Echinophora tenuifolia and consistent with carminative and antispasmodic effects (Gali‑Muhtasib, 2000; Kose et al., 2011; Djavadi and Yassa, 2019).
Products based on the herb are currently sold in Iran and Turkey as simple dried herb for tea; the species also appears in commercial herbal blends, and studies continue to examine its essential‑oil chemistry and potential antispasmodic actions (Kose et al., 2011; Djavadi and Yassa, 2019).
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Fresh or cooked vegetable from young leaves and shoots; seeds as a condiment/spice; essential oil as a flavor and fragrance ingredient.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- Young leaves and aerial shoots are eaten raw or cooked in local cuisines (e.g., Iran). Seeds are used as a spice and for flavoring dishes; seed oil is used as an edible oil. Typical culinary preparations include mixing the vegetable with rice or yogurt-based sauces and using the spice whole or ground. No flavor/aesthetic claims are made.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Hydrodistilled essential oil is used in perfumery and flavoring compositions; the herb yields aromatic components consistent with its use as a fragrance material. Reported major components include alpha-pinene, sabinene, and myristicin. Products are typically designated by GC analysis and may include 1H NMR fingerprinting to confirm composition.
Colorants and tanning:
- No documented uses for dyes or tannins.
Wood and fiber:
- No documented timber or fiber uses.
Industrial and craft applications:
- No documented industrial or craft uses.
Properties relevant to use:
- The edible seed oil is a fatty oil; the essential oil is rich in monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids (alpha-pinene, sabinene, myristicin) that provide its characteristic aroma.
Standards and regulation:
- Essential oils and flavoring materials may be regulated as food flavorings in some jurisdictions (e.g., EU regulation on food flavorings); no specific standards identified for this species.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Wild-harvested for local markets; details on cultivation or conservation status are not established in the cited sources.
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Arabic | زوفرى قونيلي |
| Azerbaijani | nazikyarpaq tikanburun |
| grc | πάνακες Ἀσκληπίειον |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Western Asia
- Lebanon-Syria
-
Western Asia
-
Europe click to expand
-
Southeastern Europe
- Italy
- Sicilia
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Southeastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000661899 |
| Tropicos | 1702629 |
| INPN | 968098 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:841516-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2783223 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 122477 |
| Observations.org | 147372 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 99501 |
| IPNI | 841516-1 |
| iNaturalist | 485617 |
| GBIF | 5538701 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes | |||||
| Methyleugenol | 7127 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC | 178.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylacetaldehydes | |||||
| Phenylacetaldehyde | 998 | Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CC=O | 120.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes | |||||
| p-Cymen-8-ol | 14529 | Click to see | 150.22 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Toluenes | |||||
| Toluene | 1140 | Click to see | 92.14 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols | |||||
| Eugenol | 3314 | Click to see | 164.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons | |||||
| 1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentadiene | 138063 | Click to see | 108.18 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| Gamma-Terpinene | 7461 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters | |||||
| Ethyl Decanoate | 8048 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC | 200.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters | |||||
| Octyl Acetate | 8164 | Click to see | 172.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| beta-OCIMENE, (3E)- | 5281553 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| beta-Ocimene, (3Z)- | 5320250 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| Myrcene | 31253 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| Carvacrol | 10364 | Click to see CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O | 150.22 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.23893/1307-2080.APS.05611 |
| Cuminaldehyde | 326 | Click to see CC(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=O | 148.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| P-Cymene | 7463 | Click to see | 134.22 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Thymol | 6989 | Click to see | 150.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (-)-cis-Sabinol | 42626427 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| (+-)-alpha-Pinene | 6654 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| (1R,5S)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one | 6973628 | Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2CC1C2(C)C | 150.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| (3R)-4-methylidene-1-(propan-2-yl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol | 42626428 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| 3-Carene | 26049 | Click to see CC1=CCC2C(C1)C2(C)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo(3.1.1)hept-3-en-2-one | 29025 | Click to see | 150.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| Beta-Pinene | 14896 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Camphene | 6616 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Camphor | 2537 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Sabinene | 18818 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| 4-Terpineol, (+/-)- | 11230 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O | 154.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| alpha-PHELLANDRENE | 7460 | Click to see CC1=CCC(C=C1)C(C)C | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Alpha-Terpinene | 7462 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Beta-Phellandrene | 11142 | Click to see CC(C)C1CCC(=C)C=C1 | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.23893/1307-2080.APS.05611 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Carvotanacetone | 6432475 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1=O)C(C)C | 152.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Limonene, (+/-)- | 22311 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Terpinolene | 11463 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Caryophyllene | 5281515 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones | |||||
| (1S,2R,5R,7S,8R,12R,15S,16R,17R)-17-hydroxy-2,7,15-trimethyl-13-oxapentacyclo[9.7.0.02,8.05,7.012,16]octadec-10-en-14-one | 162888511 | Click to see | 316.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Aldehydes / Medium-chain aldehydes | |||||
| Heptanal | 8130 | Click to see | 114.19 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Hexanal | 6184 | Click to see | 100.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698406 |
| Hexenal | 10460 | Click to see | 98.14 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| trans-2-Hexenal | 5281168 | Click to see | 98.14 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones | |||||
| Jasmone | 1549018 | Click to see | 164.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
| Myristicin | 4276 | Click to see | 192.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040206 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |