Details Top

Internal ID UUID64404c5214678212127399
Scientific name Selaginella delicatula
Authority Alston
First published in J. Bot. 70: 282 (1932)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Selaginella delicatula is primarily employed as a source of biological material for molecular research. Whole plants or fresh tissue are harvested for DNA extraction, and the complete chloroplast genome has been sequenced and deposited in public sequence repositories (e.g., GenBank accession numbers). These genomic resources are used for phylogenetic analyses within Selaginellaceae and for comparative studies of lycophyte plastid evolution. In addition, the species is cultivated under controlled greenhouse conditions to provide standardized plant material for reproducible laboratory protocols. The plant’s small, delicate fronds and growth habit make it suitable for aseptic culture and tissue sampling.

Properties relevant to use:
The chloroplast genome of S. delicatula is a circular DNA molecule of approximately 150 kbp, organized into the typical quadripartite structure: large single‑copy (LSC ~84 kbp), small single‑copy (SSC ~16 kbp) and two inverted repeat (IR) regions (~25 kbp each). The overall GC content of the plastome is about 36 %, and the gene complement mirrors that of other Selaginella species, including all photosystem, NADH‑dehydrogenase and ribosomal protein genes. This conserved gene order and moderate GC bias facilitate high‑quality assembly and alignment for phylogenetic reconstruction. The genome contains few unique rearrangements compared with related Selaginella plastomes, making it a reliable reference for whole‑plastome phylogenomics and for investigating genome evolution in early vascular plants.

Standards and regulation:
The nucleotide sequence data are stored in GenBank and follow the NCBI data submission standards, which require deposition of voucher specimens (herbarium accession numbers) and metadata on sampling location and collector. Access to these sequences complies with the open‑access policies of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). No specific commercial regulations apply to the use of the plant for research purposes.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Specimens used for genomic studies are generally wild‑collected under appropriate collecting permits, or cultivated from spores or clonal propagation to minimize impact on natural populations. Propagation protocols have been published for Selaginella species, allowing sustainable provision of material for laboratory use without depleting native habitats.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Lycopodium canaliculatum L. Sp. Pl. : 1105 (1753)
Stachygynandrum flabellatum (L.) P.Beauv. Prodr. Aethéogam. 113 1805
Lycopodium delicatulum Desv. Encycl. , Suppl. 3: 554 (1814)
Lycopodium pouzolzianum Gaudich. Voy. Uranie : 287 (1828)
Lycopodioides delicatula (Desv.) H.S.Kung Fl. Sichuanica 6: 67 (1988)
Selaginella pouzolziana (Gaudich.) Spring Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10: 145 (1849)
Selaginella davaoensis P.Beauv. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6(101): 2053 (1913)
Selaginella pouzolziana var. punctata Hieron. Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6(Art. 101): 2050 (1913)
Didiclis delicatula (Desv.) Li Bing Zhang & X.M.Zhou Pl. Diversity 45(6): 664 (2023)
Lycopodium crassicaule Hook. & Grev. Bot. Misc. 2: 382 (1831)
Selaginella crassicaulis (Hook. & Grev.) Spring Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10(1): 232 (1843)
Selaginella ovalifolia (Desv.) Spring M?moires de l'Acad?mie Royale Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux Arts de Belgique 24 (1849)
Lycopodium mucronatum Hornem. ms.
Selaginella ouvrardii Schönborn Erfurter Führer Gartenb. 20: 365-366, fig. (1920)
Selaginella pouzolziana f. angustiramosa Alderw. Malayan Ferns Fern Allies 217 (1915)
Selaginella pouzolziana var. brevifolia Hieron. Hedwigia 51: 262 (1911 publ. 1912)
Selaginella pouzolziana var. philippinensis Hieron. Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] I, 4: 701. (1901 publ. 1902)
Selaginella punctata A.Braun ex Hieron. Elmer, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 2050 (1930)
Selaginella simulans Alderw. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 20: 27 (1915)
Selaginella pouzolziana f. punctata (Hieron.) Alderw. Mal. Fern-Allies 217 (1915)
Selaginella canaliculata (L.) Baker J. Bot. 23: 23(265): 21 (1885)
Selaginella canaliculata Chittend. Dict. Gard. 4 (1930)
Lycopodium ovalifolium Desv. ex Poir. Lam., Encycl. suppl. 3: 558. (1813 publ. 1814)
Lycopodium chinense Lodd. Cat. (1849)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Malayalam ശീവോതി
Chinese 全緣卷柏
Chinese 石上柏
Chinese 薄叶卷柏

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
    • Eastern Asia
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
    • Indo-China
      • Andaman Islands
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Nicobar Nicobar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Borneo
      • Malaya
      • Maluku
      • Philippines
      • Sulawesi
    • Papuasia
      • New Guinea

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001107423
Tropicos 50048631
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3230398-4
The Plant List tro-50048631
GBIF 7568275
Tropicos 26600326
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:232058-2
The Plant List tro-26600326
Open Tree Of Life 5231988
NCBI Taxonomy 1353961
IPNI 232058-2
iNaturalist 571330
GBIF 3710030
EPPO SELDE
EOL 39835577

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Benzophenones-natural metabolites with great Hopes in drug discovery: structures, occurrence, bioactivities, and biosynthesis Ibrahim SR, Fahad ALsiyud D, Alfaeq AY, Mohamed SG, Mohamed GA RSC Adv 04-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10402873
doi:10.1039/d3ra02788k
PMID:37546221
Phylogeny, character evolution, and classification of Selaginellaceae (lycophytes) Zhou XM, Zhang LB Plant Divers 20-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10772194
doi:10.1016/j.pld.2023.07.003
PMID:38197007
A metabarcoding protocol targeting two DNA regions to analyze root‐associated fungal communities in ferns and lycophytes Guillen‐Otero T, Lee S, Chen C, Szoevenyi P, Kessler M Appl Plant Sci 12-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10278937
doi:10.1002/aps3.11523
PMID:37342167
Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Shui people in Southwest China Liu S, Zhang B, Lei Q, Zhou J, Ali M, Long C J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 30-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10230803
doi:10.1186/s13002-023-00594-4
PMID:37254191
Mitochondrial dysfunction-targeting therapeutics of natural products in Parkinson’s disease He T, Lin X, Su A, Zhang Y, Xing Z, Mi L, Wei T, Li Z, Wu W Front Pharmacol 10-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10206024
doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1117337
PMID:37234707
Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes: Origins and Physiological Activities Matsugo S, Nakamura Y Molecules 13-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10058459
doi:10.3390/molecules28062599
PMID:36985566
Size always matters, shape matters only for the big: potential optical effects of silica bodies in Selaginella Shih MC, Xie PJ, Chen J, Chesson P, Sheue CR J R Soc Interface 06-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9257597
doi:10.1098/rsif.2022.0204
PMID:35857904
Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update Jeelan Basha N, Basavarajaiah SM, Shyamsunder K Mol Divers 25-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8788913
doi:10.1007/s11030-022-10387-8
PMID:35079946
How fern and fern allies respond to heterogeneous habitat — a case in Yuanjiang dry-hot valley Yang FC, Sarathchandra C, Liu JX, Huang HP, Gou JY, Li Y, Mao XY, Wen HT, Zhao J, Yang MF, Homya S, Prueksakorn K Commun Integr Biol 13-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8677019
doi:10.1080/19420889.2021.2007591
PMID:34925688
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of β-Carboline Alkaloids Szabó T, Volk B, Milen M Molecules 27-Jan-2021
PMCID:PMC7866041
doi:10.3390/molecules26030663
PMID:33513936
Comparison of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Eight Selaginella Species Křížkovská B, Kumar R, Řehořová K, Sýkora D, Dobiasová S, Kučerová D, Tan MC, Linis V, Oyong G, Ruml T, Lipov J, Viktorová J Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 26-Dec-2020
PMCID:PMC7823444
doi:10.3390/ph14010016
PMID:33375355
The distribution and evolution of fungal symbioses in ancient lineages of land plants Rimington WR, Duckett JG, Field KJ, Bidartondo MI, Pressel S Mycorrhiza 04-Mar-2020
PMCID:PMC7062687
doi:10.1007/s00572-020-00938-y
PMID:32130512
An Overview of Crucial Dietary Substances and Their Modes of Action for Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases Pogačnik L, Ota A, Poklar Ulrih N Cells 28-Feb-2020
PMCID:PMC7140513
doi:10.3390/cells9030576
PMID:32121302
A review of the use of pteridophytes for treating human ailments Baskaran XR, Geo Vigila AV, Zhang SZ, Feng SX, Liao WB J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 01-Feb-2018
PMCID:PMC5833325
doi:10.1631/jzus.B1600344
PMID:29405039
Multi-Target Screening and Experimental Validation of Natural Products from Selaginella Plants against Alzheimer's Disease Deng YH, Wang NN, Zou ZX, Zhang L, Xu KP, Chen AF, Cao DS, Tan GS Front Pharmacol 25-Aug-2017
PMCID:PMC5574911
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00539
PMID:28890698

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
Aloe emodin 10207 Click to see 270.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Chrysophanol-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside [M+H]+ 4483734 Click to see 416.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Physcionin 4484071 Click to see 446.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Pulmatin 442731 Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=CC=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O 416.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Rheochrysin 168938 Click to see 446.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
Emodin 1-glucoside 13084799 Click to see 432.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Emodin 1-O-beta-D-glucoside 5319333 Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)O 432.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
2-(3-Hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl)-3,5,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 24205 Click to see 446.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
Tocopherol quinone 2734086 Click to see 446.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
(1S)-3,4-bis[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,5-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 129316855 Click to see 516.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 6474309 Click to see 516.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
isochlorogenic acid A 6474310 Click to see 516.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
2-[3-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one 162822715 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
2,3-Dihydroamentoflavone 7,4'-dimethyl ether 11613892 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C(C5=C4OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
5-hydroxy-2-[3-[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-7-methoxychromen-4-one 162999009 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C5C(=C4O)C(=O)CC(O5)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)OC 582.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
5-Hydroxy-8-[5-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one 163013360 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C(C5=C4OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)OC 582.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
5-hydroxy-8-[5-[(2S)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one 163013361 Click to see 582.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
5,7-Dihydroxy-6-[5-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 163006641 Click to see 580.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
6-[5-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 11757331 Click to see 552.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
6-[5-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 11649838 Click to see 566.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
Amentoflavone 5281600 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4=C(C=CC(=C4)C5=CC(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6O5)O)O)O)O 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
CID 46840955 46840955 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C(C5=C4OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O)O 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
Heveaflavone 15559724 Click to see 580.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
Robustaflavone 5281694 Click to see 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
Robustaflavone-7,4'-Dimethyl Ether 10816812 Click to see 566.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
3-(4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenoxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 102501232 Click to see 538.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
5-hydroxy-2-[4-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]oxy]phenyl]-7-methoxychromen-4-one 162932099 Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=C(C=C5C(=C4O)C(=O)CC(O5)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)OC)O 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
5-Hydroxy-2-[4-[[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]oxy]phenyl]-7-methoxychromen-4-one 162932098 Click to see 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2005-871273
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans
1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one 11602329 Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC 328.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-011-0013-3
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Pyranoisoflavonoids
3-[(2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 163016479 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
3-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 163016478 Click to see 568.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
3-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 162999771 Click to see 566.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
3-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 162999842 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)C4=C(C5=C(C=C4O)OC(=CC5=O)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)O 552.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
5-hydroxy-3-[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 162957301 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C5C(=C4O)C(=O)CC(O5)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)OC 582.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M
5-Hydroxy-3-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 162957300 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)C4=C(C=C5C(=C4O)C(=O)CC(O5)C6=CC=C(C=C6)O)OC 582.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP990538M

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