Bursera simaruba
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400e55cbc6e729779347 |
| Scientific name | Bursera simaruba |
| Authority | Sarg. |
| First published in | Gard. & Forest 3: 260. 1890 |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
Suggest a correction!
Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
(no verified ethnobotanical sources found for the exact taxon Bursera simaruba that describe teas, decoctions, tinctures, macerations, or poultices; thus, the requested paragraph is not provided)
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Wood and fiber:
Bursera simaruba is a light-colored, lightweight timber known locally as gumbo limbo, indio desnudo, or tourist tree. It is used for general construction including light framing, paneling, and subflooring; interior carpentry; doors, windows, and joinery; and in some regions for furniture and cabinetry. The wood is favored for carving and turnery, and for low-durability items such as crates, pallets, boxes, excelsior, and pulpwood. It also serves as a model species for tropical dendrochronology and phenology studies.
Properties relevant to use:
The wood is pale brown to cream with fine, generally straight grain, low density, low shrinkage, and relatively low natural durability. These characteristics support its use in interior applications and for ease of machining and carving. The species has been employed as a research subject for growth and climate analyses.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Pistacia simaruba | L. | Sp. Pl. : 1026 (1753) |
| Terebinthus simaruba | W.Wight ex Rose | Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. x. 122 (1906). |
| Bursera arborea | L.Riley | Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 167 (1923) |
| Bursera bonairensis | Bold. | Fl. Curaçao : 48 (1914) |
| Bursera gummifera | L. | Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 471 (1762) |
| Bursera gummifera var. glabrata | Griseb. | Fl. Brit. W. I. : 173 (1859) |
| Bursera gummifera var. polyphylla | DC. | Prodr. 2: 78 (1825) |
| Bursera integerrima | Triana & Planch. | Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 5, 14: 303 (1872) |
| Bursera simaruba var. yucatanensis | Lundell | Wrightia 3: 4 (1961) |
| Bursera subpubescens | Engl. | Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2 , 19a: 425 (1931) |
| Elaphrium arboreum | Rose | N. Amer. Fl. 25: 247 (1911) |
| Elaphrium integerrimum | Tul. | Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 3, 6: 369 (1846) |
| Elaphrium simaruba | Rose | N. Amer. Fl. 25: 246 (1911) |
| Elaphrium subpubescens | Rose | N. Amer. Fl. 25: 247 (1911) |
| Icicariba simaruba | M.Gómez | Fl. Haban. 214; cf. Maza in Maza & Roig, Fl. Cuba (Bol. Secr. Agric. Comerc.Trab., Cuba, No. 22) 66 (1914), in syn. |
| Terebinthus arborea | Rose | Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 118 (1906) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | gumbo limbo |
| Spanish | pistacia simaruba |
| Spanish | bursera gummifera |
| Spanish | chaka |
| Spanish | chaká |
| Spanish | indio desnudo |
| Spanish | jinocuabo |
| Spanish | jiñocuabo |
| Spanish | jiñocuajo |
| Spanish | palo mulato |
| Arabic | بورسيرا سيماروبا |
| Czech | březule balzámová |
| German | amerikanischer balsam |
| Estonian | kummibursera |
| Estonian | turistipuu |
| French | gommier rouge |
| Upper Sorbian | ameriski balsam |
| ht | gonmye |
| ht | gonmye blan |
| ht | gomye blan |
| Japanese | ガンボリンボ |
| Malayalam | ബർസെറ സിമാരുബ |
| Chinese | 銅木 |
| Chinese | 苦木裂欖木 |
| Chinese | 裂榄 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
No distribution data was extracted from POWO/KEW yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000576316 |
| UNII | MK9D15R2KB |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 727 |
| USDA Plants | BUSI |
| Tropicos | 4700231 |
| INPN | 629217 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:127217-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2687649 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 841945 |
| Observations.org | 153043 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 80326 |
| Nature Serve | 2.145878 |
| IUCN Red List | 61987595 |
| IPNI | 38669-2 |
| iNaturalist | 130734 |
| GBIF | 3190450 |
| Freebase | /m/0gnt67 |
| EPPO | BUESI |
| EOL | 583027 |
| USDA GRIN | 310563 |
| Wikipedia | Bursera_simaruba |
| CMAUP | NPO27883 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 278310 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Aporphines | |||||
| (+)-Boldine | 10154 | Click to see | 327.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Isocorydine | 10143 | Click to see | 341.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Isodomesticine | 15690954 | Click to see | 325.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| CID 91884708 | 91884708 | Click to see CN1CCC2=CC(=C(C3=C2C1CC4=C3C(=C(C=C4)OC)O)OC)O | 327.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Isoboldine | 133323 | Click to see | 327.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Laurotetanine | 31415 | Click to see | 327.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| methyl (6aS)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-6-carboxylate | 44207164 | Click to see | 399.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| methyl (6aS)-9-hydroxy-1,2,10-trimethoxy-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-6-carboxylate | 44206920 | Click to see | 385.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| N-Methyllaurotetanine | 16573 | Click to see | 341.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Norboldine | 22179 | Click to see | 313.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Norisocorydine | 12313549 | Click to see | 327.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Oxonantenine | 3084224 | Click to see | 335.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / M-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Vanillic Acid | 8468 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(=O)O)O | 168.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Phenanthrols | |||||
| Litebamine | 196885 | Click to see CN1CCC2=C3C=CC4=CC(=C(C=C4C3=C(C(=C2C1)O)OC)OC)O | 339.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 9,9-epoxylignans / Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans | |||||
| (3~{S},4~{S})-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one | 10476098 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| (3S,4S)-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one | 15941633 | Click to see | 370.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl) butyrolactone | 2988 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 2(3H)-Furanone, 3,4-bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)dihydro-, (3S,4S)- | 11002708 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 3,4-Bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-one | 327062 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one | 13916162 | Click to see | 370.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Bursehernin | 94504 | Click to see | 370.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Hinokinin | 442879 | Click to see C1C(C(C(=O)O1)CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)CC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5 | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Yatein | 442835 | Click to see | 400.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan glycosides | |||||
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-[(1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-2-[4-[(E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]propyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 10077272 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC(CO)C(C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)OC)C=CCO | 598.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| (5aR,8aS,9R)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one | 132553617 | Click to see | 576.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Beta-Peltatin-Beta-D-Glucoside | 6325789 | Click to see | 576.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan lactones | |||||
| (8aR)-4-hydroxy-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-[2]benzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one | 5320458 | Click to see | 414.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Picropolygamain | 10338061 | Click to see | 352.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50090A009 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids | |||||
| (Z)-4-Decenoic acid | 5312351 | Click to see CCCCCC=CCCC(=O)O | 170.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (-)-Citronellol | 7793 | Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)CCO | 156.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (R)-(+)-Citronellal | 75427 | Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)CC=O | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-Dienal | 8843 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Linalool, (-)- | 443158 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C=C)O)C | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| (-)-Isopulegol | 170833 | Click to see CC1CCC(C(C1)O)C(=C)C | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Limonene | 440917 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1R,2R,5S)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexanol | 7057942 | Click to see CC1CCC(C(C1)O)C(=C)C | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (L)-alpha-terpineol | 443162 | Click to see | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Menthoglycol | 19100 | Click to see | 172.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| [4,5-Dihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl] 11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162943369 | Click to see | 1121.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Alpha-Amyrin | 73170 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50116A019 |
| Beta-Amyrin | 73145 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50116A019 |
| Epilupeol | 5270628 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50116A019 |
| Lupeol | 259846 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50116A019 |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Hydroxy acids and derivatives / Medium-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives | |||||
| Litseacubebic Acid | 76312534 | Click to see CC(=CC=CC(C)(C)O)C(=O)O | 170.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols | |||||
| (2R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-oxepin-7-one | 76319759 | Click to see | 184.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
| (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 162998585 | Click to see | 302.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)oxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 101470870 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COS(=O)(=O)O)O)O)O | 426.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 101470872 | Click to see | 396.37 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(3,4-dimethoxyphenoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 101470871 | Click to see | 396.37 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)oxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 163091823 | Click to see | 426.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[2-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 163047588 | Click to see | 396.37 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| [6-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen sulfate | 163021160 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COS(=O)(=O)O)O)O)O)OC | 396.37 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 1-[2,6-Dihydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]ethanone | 74155556 | Click to see | 330.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 1-[4-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]ethanone | 4192933 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)C(=O)C)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 476.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| 3-methoxy-5-hydroxyphenol-1-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside | 91378659 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 302.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Npc174832 | 23928130 | Click to see | 330.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Phloroacetophenone 4-Neohesperidoside | 44726258 | Click to see | 476.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| Picraquassioside D | 56776291 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 302.28 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Isoquinolines and derivatives / Benzylisoquinolines | |||||
| Magnocurarine | 53266 | Click to see C[N+]1(CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2C1CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)OC)C | 314.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamyl alcohols | |||||
| 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamyl alcohol | 6436306 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CCO | 224.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Scopoletin | 5280460 | Click to see | 192.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2009.02.009 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |