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Acalypha australis

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ff0a8b1e7b748122465
Scientific name Acalypha australis
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 1004 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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**Common products:**
In parts of East Asia (e.g., China, Vietnam), *Acalypha australis* is utilized as fodder for livestock, particularly cattle and goats. The plant is consumed fresh or ensiled during periods of forage scarcity. Its utilization is localized and dependent on availability within agricultural systems.

**Scientific/model organism use:**
The species is documented in genomic databases such as NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), providing nucleotide sequences and gene annotations. Its inclusion in community resources (e.g., GBIF for biodiversity data) enables comparative phylogenetic studies within Euphorbiaceae. While not a standard laboratory model, it serves as a research tool in weed biology, herbicide resistance studies, and comparative genomics due to its rapid growth and widespread distribution.

**Properties relevant to use:**
High palatability and nutritional value of foliage for livestock consumption derive from moderate protein and fiber content, though quantitative nutritional data remains limited. Its weedy characteristics—fast growth, short life cycle, and high seed production—facilitate genetic and ecological research.

**Sustainability and sourcing:**
Harvesting occurs primarily from wild or ruderal populations within agricultural landscapes. Sustainability concerns are minimal due to its status as a widespread opportunistic species. No established commercial cultivation exists, with usage relying on local, non-intensive gathering practices.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Acalypha sessilis Poir. Encycl. 6: 205 1804
Acalypha virgata Thunb. Fl. Jap. : 268 (1784)
Ricinocarpus australis Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 617 (1891)
Acalypha australis f. glareosa (Rupr.) H.Hara Enum. Sperm. Jap. 3: 39 1954
Acalypha australis var. glareosa (Rupr.) Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 442 1929
Acalypha australis var. lanceolata Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 20(3): 51. 1904
Acalypha australis var. velutina Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 2 (1931)
Acalypha australis f. velutina (Honda) Ohwi Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 78 1953
Meterana dimidiata Raf. Sylva Tellur. : 66 (1838)
Acalypha chinensis Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 677 (1832)
Acalypha australis f. lanceolata (Hayata) Hurus. J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 298 1954
Acalypha gemina Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 880 (1826)
Acalypha gemina var. lanceolata Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 20: 51. 1904
Acalypha indica var. minima (Keng) S.F.Huang & T.C.Huang Taiwania 36: 83 (1991)
Acalypha lanceolata Wall. Numer. List [Wallich] n. 7789. 1847
Acalypha minima H.Keng Taiwania 6: 32 (1955)
Acalypha pauciflora Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn. : 909 (1815)
Acalypha pauciflora var. glareosa Rupr. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 240. 1859
Urtica gemina Lour. Fl. Cochinch. : 558 (1790)
Acalypha gemina var. genuina Müll.Arg. Linnaea 34: 41. 1865
Acalypha pauciflora var. umbrosa Rupr. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 240. 1859
Acalypha lanceolata Benth. Numer. List n.° 7789. 1847 (1847)
Acalypha pauciflora f. umbrosa (Rupr.) Regel
Acalypha pauciflora f. glareosa (Rupr.) Regel

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English asian copperleaf
Azerbaijani avstraliya akalifi
Persian آکالیفا استرالیایی
Finnish idänkissanhäntä
Italian acalifa asiatica
Japanese エノキグサ
Korean 깨풀
os Цъизæ
Russian Акалифа южная
Swedish vimpelakalyfa
Vietnamese tai tượng Úc
Chinese 一种维管植物
Chinese 铁苋
Chinese 蚌壳草
Chinese 海蚌含珠
Chinese 麻葉鐵莧菜
Chinese 铁苋菜
Chinese 铁苋草
Chinese 鐵莧菜
Chinese 天牛

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Qinghai
      • Tibet
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
      • Nansei-shoto
      • Taiwan
    • Middle Asia
      • Tadzhikistan
    • Russian Far East
      • Primorye
    • Siberia
      • West Siberia
    • Western Asia
      • Turkey
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • West Himalaya
    • Indo-China
      • Laos
      • South China Sea
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Philippines
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Ukraine
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000333666
USDA Plants ACAU6
Tropicos 12805430
Flora of Italy 2896
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:337182-1
The Plant List kew-214
Plantarium 30
PFAF Acalypha australis
Open Tree Of Life 607870
Observations.org 113754
NCBI Taxonomy 720869
Nature Serve 2.138051
IPNI 337182-1
iNaturalist 157889
GBIF 3056835
Freebase /m/0nbg76f
EPPO ACCAU
EOL 1149418
USDA GRIN 1043
Wikipedia Acalypha_australis
CMAUP NPO3711

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
New Alien Plant Taxa for Italy and Europe: An Update Musarella CM, Laface VL, Angiolini C, Bacchetta G, Bajona E, Banfi E, Barone G, Biscotti N, Bonsanto D, Calvia G, Cambria S, Capuano A, Caruso G, Crisafulli A, Del Guacchio E, Di Gristina E, Domina G, Fanfarillo E, Fascetti S, Fiaschi T, Galasso G, Mascia F, Mazzacuva G, Mei G, Minissale P, Motti R, Perrino EV, Picone RM, Pinzani L, Podda L, Potenza G, Rosati L, Stinca A, Tavilla G, Villano C, Wagensommer RP, Spampinato G Plants (Basel) 24-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934091
doi:10.3390/plants13050620
PMID:38475466
Growth, Physiological, and Biochemical Variations in Tomatoes after Infection with Different Density Levels of Meloidogyne enterolobii Sikandar A, Wu F, He H, Ullah RM, Wu H Plants (Basel) 18-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10819788
doi:10.3390/plants13020293
PMID:38256846
Effects of Datura stramonium L. Invasion into Different Habitats on Native Plant Functional Traits and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics Lv J, Wang H, Chang N, Li H, Shi C Biology (Basel) 06-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10740971
doi:10.3390/biology12121497
PMID:38132323
Research on weed identification in soybean fields based on the lightweight segmentation model DCSAnet Yu H, Che M, Yu H, Ma Y Front Plant Sci 05-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10728600
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1268218
PMID:38116146
Evaluation of the Weeds around Capsicum annuum (CA) Cultivation Fields as Potential Habitats of CA-Infecting Viruses Choi MK Plant Pathol J 01-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10412962
doi:10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2023.0066
PMID:37550983
Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Shui people in Southwest China Liu S, Zhang B, Lei Q, Zhou J, Ali M, Long C J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 30-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10230803
doi:10.1186/s13002-023-00594-4
PMID:37254191
Phytochemicals: potential alternative strategy to fight Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Almuzaini AM Front Vet Sci 16-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10228746
doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1188752
PMID:37261108
Meloidogyne enterolobii risk to agriculture, its present status and future prospective for management Sikandar A, Jia L, Wu H, Yang S Front Plant Sci 24-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9902769
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1093657
PMID:36762171
Anticoccidial activity of natural plants extracts mixture against Eimeria tenella: An in vitro and in vivo study Han M, Hu W, Chen T, Guo H, Zhu J, Chen F Front Vet Sci 23-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9727100
doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.1066543
PMID:36504841
Influence of organic rice production mode on weed composition in the soil seed bank of paddy fields Gao P, Wang H, Deng S, Dong E, Dai Q Front Plant Sci 21-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9720393
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1056975
PMID:36479513
Novel RNA Viruses Discovered in Weeds in Rice Fields Chao S, Wang H, Zhang S, Chen G, Mao C, Hu Y, Yu F, Wang S, Lv L, Chen L, Feng G Viruses 10-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9717734
doi:10.3390/v14112489
PMID:36366587
Latitudinal trends in the structure, similarity and beta diversity of plant communities invaded by Alternanthera philoxeroides in heterogeneous habitats Wu H, Dong S, Rao B Front Plant Sci 06-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9583019
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1021337
PMID:36275507
Emergence of Asian endemic begomoviruses as a pandemic threat Qureshi MA, Lal A, Nawaz-ul-Rehman MS, Vo TT, Sanjaya GN, Ho PT, Nattanong B, Kil EJ, Jahan SM, Lee KY, Tsai CW, Dao HT, Hoat TX, Aye TT, Win NK, Lee J, Kim SM, Lee S Front Plant Sci 28-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9554542
doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.970941
PMID:36247535
Biodiversity and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Spontaneous Vegetation in Tangdao Bay National Wetland Park, Qingdao City, China Xu Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Zhang Z Int J Environ Res Public Health 16-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9517414
doi:10.3390/ijerph191811665
PMID:36141939
Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.: A review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology Wen S, Zhang X, Wu Y, Yu S, Zhang W, Liu D, Yang K, Sun J Heliyon 21-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9421327
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09972
PMID:36046524

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Protocatechuic Acid 72 Click to see 154.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Gallic acids
Gallic Acid 370 Click to see 170.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 4-alkoxyphenols
(E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)icos-4-en-3-one 15458654 Click to see 402.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones / Enones
(E)-1-methoxyicos-4-en-3-one 15458653 Click to see 324.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid 689043 Click to see 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
3-Hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 624831 Click to see 328.30 unknown via CMAUP database
3,7-Dihydroxy-5,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone 14234929 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
3,7-Dihydroxy-5,4'-dimethoxyflavone 44259527 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC)O)O 314.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Ombuin 5320287 Click to see 330.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Quercetin 3',4',7-trimethyl ether 5748558 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one 51402807 Click to see 464.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
Isoquercetin 5280804 Click to see 464.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
Rutin 5280805 Click to see 610.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
3,5,7,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone 631095 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Ayanin 5280682 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Jaranol 5318869 Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=C(C2=O)OC)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O 314.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Kaempferol 3,7,4'-trimethyl ether 5468749 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)OC 328.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Pentamethylquercetin 97332 Click to see 372.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Retusin 5352005 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)OC)OC 358.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(57R,58S,510R,511R,519S)-14,15,16,24,25,26,52,53,516,517,517-Undecahydroxy-55,513,515,3,8-pentaoxo-55,57,58,510,511,513,515,516,517,517a-decahydro-4,7-dioxa-5(19,10)-1,16-epoxy-7,11-methanodibenzo[i,k][1,4,7]trioxacyclotridecina-1,2(1,2)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane-58-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 138991573 Click to see 952.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
[(1S,8R,9R,18R,19S,21R,22S)-7,7,8,12,13,22-hexahydroxy-21-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,16-trioxo-2,17,20,23-tetraoxapentacyclo[16.3.1.18,11.04,9.010,15]tricosa-4,10,12,14-tetraen-19-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 101921699 Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2C3C(C(C(O2)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=O)C(C5(C4C6=C(O5)C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O3)O)O)O)(O)O)O 650.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
beta-D-Glucopyranose, cyclic 2-7:4-5-(3,6-dihydro-2,9,10,11,11-pentahydroxy-3-oxo-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5,7-dicarboxylate) 1-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate), (2(2S))- 3086135 Click to see 650.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
CID 338147 338147 Click to see 952.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2
Corilagin 73568 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 634.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-012-0285-2

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