Magnolia virginiana
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe242cf0eb148018194 |
| Scientific name | Magnolia virginiana |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 535 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
Suggest a correction!
Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among the Cherokee of the southeastern United States, an infusion of the inner bark of Magnolia virginiana was taken for fever and colic, while a tea of the leaves was also used for colds and fevers (Moerman, 1998; KSNJ, 1995). The Houma in Louisiana employed a similar bark infusion for colic and stomach complaints (Swanton, 1928; Moerman, 1998). In the Caribbean, the Taino prepared a bark infusion as a general tonic and digestive aid, and European colonists in the 18th–19th centuries noted the bark’s warm infusion for fever and dyspepsia (Smith, 1893; Millspaugh, 1892). Across these regions the preparations were straightforward: a handful of fresh or dried bark boiled briefly in water, then cooled and drunk warm for pain relief; leaf infusions were simply steeped in hot water and taken as a calming cold remedy.
A practical bark tincture is made by macerating 100 g of dried, chipped bark in 500 mL of 45–50% ethanol for 4–6 weeks in a dark container, shaking daily, then straining; use is typically 1–2 mL diluted in water two or three times daily. Magnolia bark contains phenolic lignans such as honokiol and magnolol along with volatile oils rich in eucalyptol and α‑pinene; the warm, slightly bitter infusion is thought to be responsible for the traditional fever‑relieving and colic‑soothing effects observed by Native Caribbean and North American healers. Safety notes: use cautious, short‑term dosing and avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding; magnolol and honokiol can have sedative and uterine‑stimulating properties, and the tincture is not for children.
Modern relevance remains high. Ongoing laboratory studies explore honokiol and magnolol for anti‑inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anxiolytic activity, while the dried bark continues to be sold by reputable herbal suppliers for preparation of tinctures and teas.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Fragrance and cosmetics:
Leaf and twig essential oil is obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Reported major constituents include linalool, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), germacrene D, β-elemene, and α-pinene. The oil is used as a fragrance material in perfumery and is employed by fragrance manufacturers as a minor note in fragrance compositions.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Magnolia virginiana var. pumila | Nutt. | Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5: 295. 1822 |
| Magnolia virginiana var. longifolia | Aiton | Hort. Kew. 2: 251. 1789 |
| Magnolia glauca var. pumila | Nutt. | |
| Magnolia glauca var. longifolia | Pursh |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | beavertail |
| English | laurel magnolia |
| English | beaver tree |
| English | swamp magnolia |
| English | swampbay |
| English | sweet bay |
| English | sweetbay |
| English | sweetbay magnolia |
| English | sweet magnolia |
| English | swamp laurel |
| English | swamp bay |
| English | white bay |
| Arabic | مجنوليا |
| Arabic | سفراس |
| Arabic | مانوليا |
| Arabic | المنغولية |
| Arabic | ماغنوليا فرجينية |
| Azerbaijani | virciniya maqnoliyası |
| azb | ویرجینیا ماقنولیاسی |
| Czech | magnólie viržinská |
| Czech | šácholan viržinský |
| German | sumpf-magnolie |
| Persian | مگنولیا ویرجینیایی |
| Hungarian | illatos liliomfa |
| Hungarian | virginiai magnólia |
| Japanese | バージニアモクレン |
| Japanese | ヒメタイサンボク |
| koi | Виргинияись магнолия |
| Russian | Магнолия виргинская |
| Swedish | virginiamagnolia |
| udm | Виргиниысь магнолия |
| Chinese | 北美木兰 |
| Chinese | 白背玉兰 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Magnolia virginiana subsp. oviedoae | Palmarola, M.S.Romanov & A.V.Bobrov | Willdenowia 38: 547 (2008) |
| Magnolia virginiana subsp. virginiana | Unknown |
Varieties (abbr. var.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Magnolia virginiana var. australis | Sarg. | Bot. Gaz. 67: 231 (1919) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Expose seeds to natural outdoor winter conditions for 3 months, then gradually increase light and temperature in the spring. |
| Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate. |
| remove pulpy coat with detergent washes; germination unlikely if dried by just 20%, store seeds @ 4°C |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Northeastern U.S.A.
- Massachusetts
- New Jersey
- New York
- Pennsylvania
-
South-central U.S.A.
- Texas
-
Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
-
Northeastern U.S.A.
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Caribbean
- Cuba
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000233456 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 3669 |
| Flora of Alabama | 2602 |
| Cornell Woody Plants | 148 |
| USDA Plants | MAVI2 |
| UConn | 279 |
| Tropicos | 19300037 |
| INPN | 159726 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016308-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-117883 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 282522 |
| PFAF | Magnolia virginiana |
| Open Tree Of Life | 863066 |
| Observations.org | 461060 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 3412 |
| Nature Serve | 2.144735 |
| IUCN Red List | 194018 |
| IPNI | 30016308-2 |
| iNaturalist | 127906 |
| GBIF | 3153639 |
| Freebase | /m/02h0tm |
| FEIS | plants/tree/magvir |
| EPPO | MAGVI |
| EOL | 1154909 |
| Elurikkus | 366337 |
| USDA GRIN | 23150 |
| Wikipedia | Magnolia_virginiana |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_025802435.1 | ASM2580243v1 | Scaffold | Iridian Genomes | 2022-10-23 | 90 | 516.84 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Biphenyls and derivatives | |||||
| 4-Methoxyhonokiol | 155160 | Click to see | 280.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83612-O https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00993237 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02040088 |
| Honokiol | 72303 | Click to see | 266.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958051 |
| Magnolol | 72300 | Click to see C=CCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)CC=C)O | 266.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83612-O https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958051 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00993237 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02040088 |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Diphenylethers | |||||
| Phenol, 2-[3-hydroxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenoxy]-5-(2-propenyl)- | 10016628 | Click to see | 282.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02040088 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83612-O |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| (2R,3aS,6Z,10Z,11aR)-2-[[(2R,3aS,6Z,10Z,11aR)-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-yl]oxy]-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan | 162961955 | Click to see | 450.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (2S,3aS,6Z,10E,11aS)-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-ol | 162981569 | Click to see | 234.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (2S,3aS,6Z,10Z,11aR)-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-ol | 163191300 | Click to see | 234.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| 2-[(6,10-Dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-yl)oxy]-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan | 162961954 | Click to see | 450.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| 6,10-Dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-ol | 162981568 | Click to see | 234.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives | |||||
| (+)-Costunolide; Costus lactone | 12304109 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=CC2C(CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O2)C | 232.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (1S,2R,4R,7E,11R)-4,8-dimethyl-12-methylidene-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-13-one | 124463365 | Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C(O2)C3C(CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (1S,2S,4S,11S)-4,8-dimethyl-12-methylidene-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-13-one | 927706 | Click to see | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (1S,2S,4S,7Z,11S)-4,8-dimethyl-12-methylidene-3,14-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.02,4]tetradec-7-en-13-one | 5420807 | Click to see | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (3aS,6E,11aR)-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one | 133640194 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| (3aS,6Z,10Z,11aR)-6,10-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one | 5458201 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| 6,10-Dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one | 556919 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975104 |
| Costunolide | 5281437 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975104 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| Parthenolide | 7251185 | Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C(O2)C3C(CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Guaianolides and derivatives | |||||
| (3aS,6R,6aS,9aR,9bS)-6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3,9-dimethylidene-3a,4,5,6a,7,8,9a,9b-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one | 101967028 | Click to see | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
| 6-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,9-dimethylidene-3a,4,5,6a,7,8,9a,9b-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one | 163010355 | Click to see | 248.32 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00412-3 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |