Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Fraxinus excelsior has a long, recorded history as a household tea and wash. In the United Kingdom herbal tradition, a warm infusion of bark is taken for rheumatic aches and urinary complaints, and leaves have been infused for catarrh and fevers (British Herbal Compendium, 1992). Among the Mapuche of southern Chile, a mild infusion of leaves is taken for digestive upsets and dysentery (Mösbach, 1992). In the Balkans, infusions of leaves are drunk as a bitter tonic for digestive and urinary complaints, while fresh crushed leaves are sometimes applied as a poultice to minor wounds (Rosa & Glamoclija, 2016). Across these settings the practice is consistent: bark or leaves, steeped in water as a tea, and used in small daily doses.

A concise bark tea is prepared from dried stem bark. Place 5–6 g of chopped bark in 250–300 ml cold water, bring to a gentle simmer, and simmer for 5–7 minutes. Turn off the heat, cover, and let stand 10–15 minutes; strain and sip while warm. Because Fraxinus contains coumarins, the British Herbal Compendium advises short courses and modest doses; avoid during pregnancy and nursing and stop if skin rash or unusual bleeding occurs (British Herbal Compendium, 1992).

The traditional actions are broadly supported by the plant’s chemistry. The leaves and bark contain flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, which have documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, along with secoiridoid bitter glycosides, especially ligustaloside B, known to stimulate digestive secretions (Billo et al., 2005; Kubinová et al., 2006). The bark also carries phenylpropanoids including esculetin, a coumarin with anticoagulant and antispasmodic activity.

Today, ash bark remains an occasional ingredient in specialty herbal teas and bitter liqueurs, and the leaf and bark infusions still appear in regional folk practice. Contemporary research has examined Fraxinus extracts for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, including in rheumatoid settings, though human trials are still limited (Gupta et al., 2022).

General Uses Top

Suggest a correction!

Common products:
Hardwood timber and sawn wood from Fraxinus excelsior are supplied for furniture, interior joinery, flooring, tool handles, sports goods (e.g., oars, rackets, hockey sticks), and specialty items such as veneer. Charcoal is produced from residues. Sap can be collected in early spring to make syrup or beverage base after boiling/pasteurization. Seeds are utilized as animal feed.

Industrial and craft applications:
Wood is sliced into veneer and processed into joinery components and handles. It is valued for its stiffness, strength, and resilience, suitable for items subject to impact and bending. Residues and defective wood are converted to charcoal. Tannins extracted from bark are employed in leather tanning, while the bark itself has been used to produce brown dyes for textiles.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Sap collected by tapping trunks in late winter/early spring is boiled or pasteurized to produce syrup or a drinking sap, with acidity and microbial control required for safety. Seeds are used as feed for livestock and game birds.

Colorants and tanning:
The bark yields brown dyes for protein fibers and historically serves as a tanning material for leather; it contains hydrolysable tannins suitable for vegetable tanning systems.

Wood and fiber:
Sapwood is light-colored; heartwood is typically darker brown. The wood has high density (approximately 0.65–0.75 g/cm³ at 12% moisture), high strength, good elasticity, and shock resistance. These properties account for its use in tool handles, sports goods, and joinery. It machines and finishes well. Small-diameter stems and thinnings are suitable for craft and veneer; residues are convertible to charcoal.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
The sap is employed in perfumery and cosmetics as a natural fragrance ingredient (INCI: Fraxinus excelsior sap); derivatives are sometimes used in “forest” fragrance accords.

Properties relevant to use:
High density and strength-to-weight ratio in the wood support structural components. Shock resistance and resilience suit impact tools and sporting equipment. Bark tannins provide high-hydrolyzable tannin content for leather tanning; sap contributes carbohydrates to fragrance formulations.

Standards and regulation:
Timber grading for structural uses follows EN standards (e.g., EN 14081 for structural timber grading; EN 338 for strength classes). Furniture and joinery are covered by EN and related industry specifications for hardwoods. Sap syrups and beverages are regulated as food in the EU (e.g., Regulation (EC) No 178/2002; general food hygiene rules). Cosmetics use follows EU Cosmetic Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 for fragrance ingredients.

Sustainability and sourcing:
European ash is affected by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (ash dieback), altering stand structure and wood supply. Management strategies include resistance breeding, salvage logging, and retaining infected but stable trees for biodiversity. Replacement timbers for some structural uses follow EN 1995 (Eurocode 5) substitution guidance. Sap tapping is managed to minimize physiological impacts and ensure timely wound care.

References: World Woods in Color (Harrington et al., 1996); Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material (USDA Forest Products Laboratory, 2010); Leea (European hardwood market database); EN 338 and EN 14081 for structural grading; EU Cosmetic Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009; ECHA Cosmetic Ingredients Database for Fraxinus excelsior sap; EU food law (EC) No 178/2002; Cieslik, “Production and use of Fraxinus excelsior sap,” Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment (2013).

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Fraxinus appendiculata	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 605 (1807)
Fraxinus atra	hort. ex Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. , ed. 2, 2: 585 (1811)
Fraxinus excelsior f. laciniata	C.K.Schneid.	Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 830 1912
Fraxinus bumelia	Bedevian	Ill. Polyglot. Dict. : 281 (1936)
Fraxinus excelsior var. acuminata	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 452. 1866
Fraxinus excelsior var. albovariegata	Hayne	Dendr. Fl. 226. 1822
Fraxinus excelsior var. argentea	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. 1: 711. 1802
Fraxinus excelsior f. argentea	(Dum.Cours.) Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 1889
Fraxinus excelsior var. argenteovariegata	Weston	Bot. Univ. 1: 109. 1770
Fraxinus excelsior f. argenteovariegata	(Weston) Schelle	Handb. Laubholzben. 410 1903
Fraxinus excelsior var. asplenifolia	G.Kirchn.	Arbor. Muscav. 500. 1864
Fraxinus excelsior f. asplenifolia	(G.Kirchn.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 561 1949
Fraxinus excelsior var. atrovirens	(Pers.) Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 1889
Fraxinus excelsior var. aurea	(Willd.) Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 604. 1807
Fraxinus excelsior f. aurea	(Willd.) Schelle	Handb. Haubh-Ben. 419 1903
Fraxinus excelsior f. aurea-punctata	Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 1889
Fraxinus excelsior var. aurea-pendula	(Dum.Cours.) Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1217 1838
Fraxinus excelsior f. aurea-pendula	(Dum.Cours.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 481 1945
Fraxinus excelsior f. aureopunctata	Beissner	Handb. Haubh-Ben. 410 1903
Fraxinus excelsior var. aureovariegata	Weston	Bot. Univ. 1: 109. 1770
Fraxinus excelsior f. aureovariegata	(Weston) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 560 1949
Fraxinus excelsior var. biloba	(Gren. & Godr.) Wesm.	Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 89. 1892
Fraxinus excelsior var. crispa	Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 4: 1099. 1806
Fraxinus excelsior f. crispa	(Willd.) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 51 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. cucullata	Carrière	Rev. Hort. (Paris) 39: 340. 1867
Fraxinus excelsior var. diversifolia	Aiton	Hort. Kew. 3: 445. 1789
Fraxinus excelsior var. erosa	Willd.	Sp. Pl., ed. 4 4: 1099. 1806
Fraxinus excelsior f. erosa	(Willd.) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 51 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. fungosa	K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 241. 1872
Fraxinus excelsior var. heterocarpa	Bertrand	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 445. 1910
Fraxinus excelsior var. heterophylla	(Vahl) Willd. ex Wesm.	Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 90 1892
Fraxinus excelsior f. heterophylla-variegata	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1229 1838
Fraxinus excelsior var. horizontalis	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 694. 1807
Fraxinus excelsior f. horizontalis	(Pers.) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 50 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. integrifolia	Pott	Harbk. Wilde Baumz. ed. 2, 1: 392. 1795
Fraxinus excelsior var. jaspidea	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. 1: 710. 1802
Fraxinus excelsior var. kincairniae	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1217. 1838
Fraxinus excelsior f. kincairniae	(Loudon) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 50 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. leucocarpa	Beissner	Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 96 1907
Fraxinus excelsior f. leucocarpa	(Beissner) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 51 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. lutea	Weston	Bot. Univ. 2: 109. 1770
Fraxinus excelsior f. lutea	(Weston) Lodd. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 1889
Fraxinus excelsior f. monophylla	Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 84 1889
Fraxinus excelsior f. monophylla-pendula	Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 51 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. monstrosa	K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 241. 1872
Fraxinus excelsior f. mucronata	Domin	Lesn. Prace 14: 477 1935
Fraxinus excelsior var. nana	(Pers.) Hayne	Dendr. Fl. 226. 1822
Fraxinus excelsior f. nana	(Pers.) Lingelsh.	Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 50 1920
Fraxinus excelsior var. obtusata	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 452. 1866
Fraxinus excelsior var. officinalis	Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 165. 1877
Fraxinus excelsior f. paniculata	Beissner	Handb. Haubh-Ben. 410 1903
Fraxinus excelsior f. pendula	(Aiton) Schelle	Handb. Haubh-Ben. 410 1903
Fraxinus excelsior f. purpurascens	Descemet ex Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1207 1838
Fraxinus excelsior var. scolopendrifolia	Bean	Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 1: 568. 1914
Fraxinus excelsior var. simplicifolia	(Willd.) Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 604. 1807
Fraxinus excelsior var. spectabilis	Jacob-Makay	Cat. 1863: 104 1863
Fraxinus excelsior f. spectabilis	(Jacob-Makay) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 561 1949
Fraxinus excelsior f. verrucosa	(Dum.Cours.) K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 241 1872
Fraxinus excelsior f. verrucosa-pendula	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1218 1838
Fraxinus excelsior f. verticillata	K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 243 1872
Fraxinus excelsior var. vulgaris	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 931. 1893
Fraxinus exoniensis	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 (1889)
Fraxinus fungosa	Lodd.	Cat. Pl. , ed. 16: ? (1836)
Fraxinus globosa	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus glomerata	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus humilis	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus excelsior var. implicata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 2: 577. 1811
Fraxinus excelsior var. lacerata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 2: 577. 1811
Fraxinus laciniata	Raf.	New Fl. 3: 93. 1838 (1838)
Fraxinus linearis	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 (1889)
Fraxinus lucida	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 85 (1889)
Fraxinus excelsior var. monophylla	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. 1: 711 1802
Fraxinus nana var. atrovirens	Pers.	Syn. Pl. 2: 605. 1807
Fraxinus pendula	[Dryand.]	Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 445. 1789
Fraxinus pumila	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus sambucina var. coarctata	K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 244. 1872
Fraxinus scolopendrifolia	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus scolopendrium	hort. ex Dippel	Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 83 (1889)
Fraxinus excelsior var. striata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 2: 577. 1811
Fraxinus stricta	Beissner	Handb. Haubh-Ben. 440 1903
Fraxinus strigata	Bosc	Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 217 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus excelsior var. variegata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 2: 578. 1811
Fraxinus excelsior var. verrucosa	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult. 1: 711. 1802
Fraxinus viridis var. nobilis	K.Koch	Dendrol. 2: 244. 1872
Fraxinus excelsior var. pendula-variegata	de Vos	Handb. Prakt. Kennis Bomen ed. 2: 77. 1887
Fraxinus excelsior subsp. biloba	(Gren. & Godr.) Arcang.	Comp. Fl. Ital. 466. 1882 (1882)
Fraxinus excelsior var. angustifolia	Schelle	Handb. Laubholzben. : 409 (1903)
Fraxinus excelsior f. antonii	Nyár.	Enum. Pl. Vasc. Cheila Turrzii 188 1939
Fraxinus excelsior var. monophylla	(Dum.Cours.) Gren. & Godr.	Fl. France 2: 471 1850
Fraxinus monophylla	Desf.	Hist. Arb. i. 102.
Fraxinus striata	Dum.Cours.	Bot. Cult., ed. 2. 2: 577. 1811
Fraxinus verrucosa	Pers.	Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(2): 604; Dum.-Cours. Bot. Cult. ed. 2, 2: 577. 1807
Fraxinus excelsior var. communis	Aiton	Hort. Kew. 3: 445 (1789)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	ash
English	european ash
English	ash tree
Spanish	fresno
Spanish	fragino
Spanish	frágino
Spanish	freju
Spanish	frejú
Spanish	fresno comun
Spanish	fresno comun verdadero
Spanish	fresno común verdadero
Spanish	fresno de hoja ancha
Spanish	fresno de vizcaya
Spanish	fresno elevado
Spanish	fresno europeo
Spanish	fresno grande
Spanish	fresno norteno
Spanish	fresno norteño
Spanish	frexno
Spanish	frexo
an	fraixin
Arabic	مران عالي
Azerbaijani	adi göyrüş
azb	قوشدیلی
bar	eschl
Belarusian	Ясень звычайны
Bulgarian	Планински ясен
Catalan	freixe de fulla gran
Catalan	freixe de fulla grossa
Catalan	frêne commun
Czech	jasan ztepilý
cv	Каврăç
Welsh	onnen ynn
Danish	almindelig ask
Danish	ask
German	esche
German	gemeine esche
German	gewöhnliche esche
German	frêne commun
German	kugelesche
German	oliven-esche
German	olivenesche
German	olivesche
Greek	Φράξο
Esperanto	ordinara frakseno
Estonian	harilik saar
Basque	lizar
Basque	lizar arrunt
Persian	زبان گنجشک
Finnish	lehtosaarni
Finnish	metsäsaarni
Finnish	saarni
French	frêne commun
French	frêne élevé
French	frene eleve
French	frêne européen
French	langue d'oiseau
frr	eskebuum
fy	esk
gd	uinnseann
Galician	freixo común
Galician	freixo
grc	μελία
Swiss German	esche
Manx	unjin
Croatian	obični jasen
Upper Sorbian	wšědna jaseń
Hungarian	magas kőris
Armenian	Հացենի սովորական
Icelandic	askur
Icelandic	askur (tré)
Icelandic	evrópuaskur
Italian	frassino maggiore
Italian	frassino comune
Japanese	セイヨウトネリコ
Kazakh	Кәдімгі шаған
Korean	구주물푸레나무
lb	esch
Lithuanian	paprastasis uosis
Lithuanian	frêne commun
Latvian	parastais osis
Macedonian	Бел јасен
Norwegian Bokmål	ask
Norwegian Bokmål	asketre
Dutch	es
Dutch	gewone es
Norwegian Nynorsk	asketre
Norwegian Nynorsk	asktre
Norwegian Nynorsk	ask
os	Хуымæтæджы кæрз
Polish	jesion wyniosły
Portuguese	freixo
Portuguese	freixo-europeu
Romansh	fraissen cumin
Russian	Ясень обыкновенный
Russian	Ясень высокий
sco	european esh
Samogitian	ousis
Samogitian	vousis
Slovak	jaseň štíhly
Slovenian	beli jesen
Slovenian	jesen
Slovenian	veliki jesen
Serbian	Бели јасен
Swedish	ask
Swedish	askträd
Swedish	askur
Swedish	frêne commun
Turkish	adi dişbudak
Turkish	avrupa dişbudağı
Ukrainian	Ясен звичайний
Ukrainian	ясен високий
vec	fràssene
vec	farsigolaro
vec	farsigołaro
vec	frassen
vec	frassene
vec	frassino
vec	fràxene
vec	fràsene
vep	sarnpu
vep	sarnipu
Chinese	欧梣
Chinese	欧洲白蜡树
Chinese	歐洲白蠟樹

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Fraxinus excelsior subsp. coriariifolia	(Scheele) A.E.Murray	Fl. Iranica 52: 6 (1968)
Fraxinus excelsior subsp. excelsior		Unknown
Fraxinus excelsior subsp. siciliensis	Ilardi & Raimondo	Bocconea 20: 11 (2007)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Eastern Asia
  - Korea
- Western Asia
  - Iran
  - Turkey

Australasia click to expand
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Great Britain
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Newfoundland
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Massachusetts
  - New York
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Kentucky
  - Maryland

Southern America click to expand
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000832453
UNII	EFA0S83JF4
Cornell Woody Plants	99
Canadensys	6727
USDA Plants	FREX80
UConn	186
Tropicos	23000019
INPN	98921
Flora of Italy	9215
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:609009-1
The Plant List	kew-369664
Missouri Botanical Garden	282928
PFAF	Fraxinus excelsior
PaleoBotany	116414
Open Tree Of Life	671802
Observations.org	6796
NCBI Taxonomy	38873
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000003949
Nature Serve	2.149042
IUCN Red List	203367
IPNI	609009-1
iNaturalist	125440
GBIF	3172358
Freebase	/m/01kzj3
EPPO	FRXEX
EOL	595387
Elurikkus	4800
US Library of Congress	sh96011317
USDA GRIN	282
Wikipedia	Fraxinus_excelsior

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_965226085.2	daFraExce3.hap1.2	Chromosome	WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE	2025-10-26	36	724.52 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Co-located ecological data for exploring top- and subsoil carbon dynamics across grassland-woodland contrasts

Reinsch S, Lebron I, Brentegani M, Brooks M, Busi SB, Cagnarini C, Cooper D, Day J, Emmett BA, Fitos E, Goodall T, Griffiths R, Jones B, Keenan P, Keith A, Lopes-Mazzetto JM, Mason KE, Pallett D, Pereira MG, Pinder A, Robinson DA, Smart SM, Thomas A, Benham S, Vanguelova E, Cosby BJ

Sci Data

09-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11081944
doi:	10.1038/s41597-024-03333-w
PMID:	38724554

A modified CTAB method for the extraction of high-quality RNA from mono-and dicotyledonous plants rich in secondary metabolites

Kiss T, Karácsony Z, Gomba-Tóth A, Szabadi KL, Spitzmüller Z, Hegyi-Kaló J, Cels T, Otto M, Golen R, Hegyi ÁI, Geml J, Váczy KZ

Plant Methods

04-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11069240
doi:	10.1186/s13007-024-01198-z
PMID:	38704591

Genomic prediction of resistance to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) populations

Meger J, Ulaszewski B, Pałucka M, Kozioł C, Burczyk J

Evol Appl

03-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11069026
doi:	10.1111/eva.13694
PMID:	38707993

Long-term, medium-term and acute stress response of urban populations of Eurasian red squirrels affected by different levels of human disturbance

Beliniak A, Gryz J, Klich D, Łopucki R, Sadok I, Ożga K, Jasińska KD, Ścibior A, Gołębiowska D, Krauze-Gryz D

PLoS One

03-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11068185
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0302933
PMID:	38701075

Phytochemicals from Bark Extracts and Their Applicability in the Synthesis of Thermosetting Polymers: An Overview

Szmechtyk T, Małecka M

Materials (Basel)

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11084627
doi:	10.3390/ma17092123
PMID:	38730929

Simple, inexpensive, and rapid approach to detect changes in the structure of soil free-living nematodes

Semprucci F, Catani L, Grassi E, Jakubcsiková M, Čerevková A

Helminthologia

23-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11038259
doi:	10.2478/helm-2024-0001
PMID:	38659464

Insights into the molecular phylogeny and morphology of three novel Dothiora species, along with a worldwide checklist of Dothiora

Senwanna C, Hongsanan S, Khuna S, Kumla J, Yarasheva M, Gafforov Y, Abdurazakov A, Suwannarach N

Front Cell Infect Microbiol

19-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11067756
doi:	10.3389/fcimb.2024.1367673
PMID:	38707512

Last-Century Forest Dynamics in a Highland Pyrenean National Park and Implications for Conservation

Rull V, Blasco A, Sigro J, Vegas-Vilarrúbia T

Plants (Basel)

19-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054021
doi:	10.3390/plants13081144
PMID:	38674553

Latitude or altitude as the future refugium? A case for the future of forests in Asia Minor and its surroundings

Ekberzade B, Yetemen O, Ezber Y, Sen OL, Dalfes HN

Ecol Evol

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11009660
doi:	10.1002/ece3.11131
PMID:	38617103

Abundance and diversity of fungal endophytes isolated from monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii) grown in a Canadian research greenhouse

Ma L, Elmhirst JF, Darvish R, Wegener LA, Henderson D

Plant Environ Interact

02-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC10986896
doi:	10.1002/pei3.10142
PMID:	38567203

New Light on Plants and Their Chemical Compounds Used in Polish Folk Medicine to Treat Urinary Diseases

Olas B, Różański W, Urbańska K, Sławińska N, Bryś M

Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

28-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054606
doi:	10.3390/ph17040435
PMID:	38675397

Pest categorisation of Lepidosaphes malicola

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Antonatos S, Kertesz V, Papachristos D, Sfyra O, MacLeod A

EFSA J

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10966764
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8665
PMID:	38544739

Habitat Degradation Facilitates the Invasion of Neophytes: A Resurvey Study Based on Permanent Vegetation Plots in Oak Forests in Slovenia (Europe)

Kermavnar J, Kutnar L

Plants (Basel)

27-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11013422
doi:	10.3390/plants13070962
PMID:	38611491

Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties of Wood after Thermal Modification in Closed Process under Pressure in Nitrogen

Grinins J, Sosins G, Brazdausks P, Zicans J

Materials (Basel)

22-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11012288
doi:	10.3390/ma17071468
PMID:	38611982

Importance of Habitat Context in Modelling Risk Maps for Two Established Invasive Alien Plant Species: The Case of Ailanthus altissima and Phytolacca americana in Slovenia (Europe)

de Groot M, Kozamernik E, Kermavnar J, Kolšek M, Marinšek A, Nève Repe A, Kutnar L

Plants (Basel)

19-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974566
doi:	10.3390/plants13060883
PMID:	38592890

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
(-)-Oleoside 11-methyl ester	131753164	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)O	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
(Z)-methyl 4-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-3-ethylidene-2-((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate	134688908	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCCC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	540.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
10-Hydroxyligstroside	14756316	Click to see	540.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
2-[3-ethylidene-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-4-yl]acetic acid	74256813	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)O	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
2H-Pyran-4-acetic acid, 3-ethylidene-2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester, [2S-(2alpha,3E,4beta)]-; Ligstroside	72727933	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Excelside A	46881041	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC	580.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Excelside B	46881042	Click to see	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Excelsioside O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	102074742	Click to see	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Ligstroside	14136859	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5E,6R)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	75492723	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	10788149	Click to see	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	42599631	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC	580.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	44627603	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	101637168	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)CCO	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	46881060	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)CCO	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5Z,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-[4-[2-[(2S,3Z,4S)-3-ethylidene-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-4-yl]acetyl]oxyphenyl]ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	163187480	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCCC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC(=O)CC4C(=COC(C4=CC)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC	910.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	162947194	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	162819891	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)CCO	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S)-5-ethylidene-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	162940782	Click to see	580.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (5Z)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	14136858	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X
methyl 4-[2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxo-ethyl]-5-ethylidene-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	3789874	Click to see	540.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl 5-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74184139	Click to see	540.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	72726525	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74827174	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC	580.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74177095	Click to see	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-[2-[4-[2-[3-ethylidene-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-4-yl]acetyl]oxyphenyl]ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74155515	Click to see	910.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	163072683	Click to see	524.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-oxo-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74124577	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	566.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-oxo-2-[4-[2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]phenoxy]ethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	137796383	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)CCOC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Methyl glucooleoside	23815303	Click to see	566.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
Oleoside 11-Methyl Ester	10692563	Click to see	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
Oleoside Dimethyl Ester	14038300	Click to see	418.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)80018-V https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00210-X
Oleuropein	5281544	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCCC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O	540.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
Pallidol 3, 3''-diglucoside	24121278	Click to see	404.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Saccharolipids
(2S,4S,E)-Methyl 3-ethylidene-4-(2-oxo-2-(((2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxyphenethoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methoxy)ethyl)-2-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate	91895359	Click to see	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[2-[4-[2-[(2S,3E,4S)-3-ethylidene-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-4-yl]acetyl]oxyphenyl]ethoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	102196658	Click to see	1073.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl (6S)-5-ethylidene-4-[2-oxo-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]ethyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	161989	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-[[6-[2-[4-[2-[3-ethylidene-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-4-yl]acetyl]oxyphenyl]ethoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	74827074	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC(=O)CC5C(=COC(C5=CC)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)O)O)O	1073.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
methyl 5-ethylidene-4-[2-oxo-2-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]ethyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate	72987608	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
Nuezhenide	6440999	Click to see CC=C1C(C(=COC1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OCCC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O	686.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives
(5R,6R,7S,8S)-6,7,8-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid	11957433	Click to see	248.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9003118
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-4-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside	132274946	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O	624.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
Verbascoside	5281800	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O	624.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80442-H
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides
7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-one	5281418	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	370.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(91)80126-T https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87884-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9
Esculin	5281417	Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	340.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9
Fraxin	5273568	Click to see	370.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(91)80126-T https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87884-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin	5281416	Click to see	178.14	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00006-9

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections	0
In public collections	0

You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.

Fraxinus excelsior

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top