Ocimum americanum
Table of Contents
Details Top
Internal ID | UUID643fe4c09e12f781269562 |
Scientific name | Ocimum americanum |
Authority | L. |
First published in | Cent. Pl. I : 15 (1755) |
Description Top
Suggest a correction or write a new one!
Ocimum americanum, also known as American basil, lime basil, or hoary basil, is a species of annual herb in the Lamiaceae family. Despite its name, it is native to Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, China, and Southeast Asia, and is naturalized in parts of tropical America. This plant has a hairy appearance and can grow up to 40 cm tall, with toothed leaves and small white or purple flowers. Its taproot extends deep into the ground and the entire plant has a strong citrus-like aroma. It is commonly used in cooking, similar to sweet basil, and can also be used for essential oil. Some consider it to be indistinguishable from sweet basil. Additionally, it has medicinal properties.
Synonyms Top
Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
---|---|---|
Ocimum album | Roxb. | Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 15 (1832) |
Ocimum brachiatum | Blume | Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 833 (1826) |
Ocimum canum | Sims | Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2452 (1823) |
Ocimum dichotomum | Hochst. ex Benth. | Prodr. 12: 39 (1848) |
Ocimum dinteri | Briq. | Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 3: 980 (1903) |
Ocimum fluminense | Vell. | Fl. Flumin. 4: t. 11 (1829) |
Ocimum fruticulosum | Burch. | Trav. S. Africa 2: 264 (1824) |
Ocimum hispidulum | Schumach. & Thonn. | Beskr. Guin. Pl. : 266 (1827) |
Ocimum incanescens | Mart. | Reise Bras. 2: 799 (1828) |
Ocimum serpyllifolium var. glabrior | Benth. | Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 226 1837 |
Ocimum stamineum | Sims | Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2452 (1823) |
Ocimum thymoides | Baker | Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 344 (1900) |
Becium obovatum var. glabrior | (Benth.) Cufod. | Senckenberg. Biol. 43: 287 1962 |
Ocimum canum var. integrifolium | Engl. | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 267. 1888 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!Language | Common/alternative name |
---|---|
English | american basil |
English | hoary basil |
English | lime basil |
English | hransvaal basil |
English | hairy basil |
Afrikaans | wilde basielkruid |
Afrikaans | transvaal basielkruid |
Afrikaans | bostee |
Afrikaans | boesmansboegoe |
Arabic | حبق أمريكي |
ban | kecarum |
German | amerikanisches basilikum |
Hausa | cwai ɗwaiya |
Hindi | अरण्यतुलसी |
Croatian | limunski bosiljak |
Italian | basilico americano |
Korean | 회바질 |
Malay | pokok kemangi |
pap | yerba di hole |
Polish | bazylia amerykańska |
Portuguese | alfavaca-do-campo |
Kinyarwanda | isonga |
Tamil | கஞ்சங்குல்லை |
Tamil | நாய்த்துளசி |
Tamil | புனத்துளசி |
Tamil | குல்லை |
Telugu | వన తులసి |
Chinese | 灰罗勒 |
Chinese | 草灵脂 |
Chinese | 灰羅勒 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Macaronesia
- Cape Verde
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Chad
- Djibouti
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Somalia
- Sudan
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
- Malawi
- Mozambique
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
-
Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Cape Provinces
- Caprivi Strip
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Lesotho
- Namibia
- Northern Provinces
- Swaziland
-
West Tropical Africa
- Benin
- Burkina
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Zaïre
-
Western Indian Ocean
- Comoros
- Madagascar
-
East Tropical Africa
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- India
- Nepal
- Sri Lanka
- West Himalaya
-
Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Myanmar
- Nicobar Nicobar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Christmas Island
- Jawa
- Lesser Sunda Islands
- Malaya
- Philippines
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
-
Papuasia
- Bismarck Archipelago
- New Guinea
-
Indian Subcontinent
-
Australasia click to expand
-
Australia
- Queensland
-
Australia
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Mexico
- Mexico Southeast
-
Mexico
-
Pacific click to expand
-
Northwestern Pacific
- Marianas
-
Northwestern Pacific
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Brazil
- Brazil Northeast
-
Caribbean
- Netherlands Antilles
- Trinidad-Tobago
- Venezuelan Antilles
-
Central America
- Honduras
- Nicaragua
- Panamá
-
Northern South America
- Venezuela
-
Southern South America
- Argentina Northeast
- Paraguay
-
Western South America
- Bolivia
- Colombia
- Peru
-
Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!Database | ID/link to page |
---|---|
World Flora Online | wfo-0000253211 |
UNII | 0899QOA7PA |
Tropicos | 17607555 |
INPN | 109795 |
KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316218-2 |
The Plant List | kew-136802 |
Open Tree Of Life | 782165 |
Observations.org | 198800 |
NCBI Taxonomy | 204141 |
IPNI | 316218-2 |
iNaturalist | 181061 |
GBIF | 2927097 |
Freebase | /m/04y6p9l |
EPPO | OCICA |
EOL | 483863 |
Elurikkus | 648995 |
USDA GRIN | 402305 |
Wikipedia | Ocimum_americanum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
> Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles | |||||
(E,E)-1,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-hexadiene | 11140953 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CCCC=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC | 294.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(79)80152-1 |
1-Methoxy-4-[6-(4-methoxyphenyl)hexa-1,5-dienyl]benzene | 85413178 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CCCC=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC | 294.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(79)80152-1 |
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols | |||||
Eugenol | 3314 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC=C)O | 164.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/FFJ.2730040104 |
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons | |||||
gamma-Terpinene | 7461 | Click to see CC1=CCC(=CC1)C(C)C | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols | |||||
1-Octen-3-Ol | 18827 | Click to see CCCCCC(C=C)O | 128.21 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01959201 |
3-Octanol | 11527 | Click to see CCCCCC(CC)O | 130.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01959201 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
Linalool, (+/-)- | 6549 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C=C)O)C | 154.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12457 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01959201 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(89)90113-X |
Myrcene | 31253 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(=C)C=C)C | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
p-CYMENE | 7463 | Click to see CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C)C | 134.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
(+)-Isoborneol | 6973640 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C | 154.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
(5S)-4-methylidene-1-propan-2-ylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexane | 6429260 | Click to see CC(C)C12CCC(=C)C1C2 | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol | 64685 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C | 154.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
4,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene | 530422 | Click to see CC1CC2C(C2(C)C)C=C1 | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
alpha-PINENE | 6654 | Click to see CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Bergamotene | 521569 | Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C2CCC(=C)C1C2)C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01959201 |
beta-Pinene | 14896 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC(=C)C1C2)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Camphene | 6616 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC(C2)C1=C)C | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Camphor | 2537 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(=O)C2)C)C | 152.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Camphor (synthetic) | 159055 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(=O)C2)C)C | 152.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
CID 44630107 | 44630107 | Click to see CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C | 154.25 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
Myrtenol | 10582 | Click to see CC1(C2CC=C(C1C2)CO)C | 152.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Sabinen | 18818 | Click to see CC(C)C12CCC(=C)C1C2 | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
4-Terpineol, (+/-)- | 11230 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O | 154.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
alpha-PHELLANDRENE | 7460 | Click to see CC1=CCC(C=C1)C(C)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Beta-Phellandrene | 11142 | Click to see CC(C)C1CCC(=C)C=C1 | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Limonene, (+)- | 440917 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
Limonene, (+/-)- | 22311 | Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Terpinolene | 11463 | Click to see CC1=CCC(=C(C)C)CC1 | 136.23 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
(1S,2S,3S,6R,7R,8R)-1,3-dimethyl-8-prop-1-en-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decan-3-ol | 162901363 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C3C1C2C(CC3)(C)O)C | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
(1S,2S,3S,6R,7R,8Z)-8-(1-hydroxypropan-2-ylidene)-1,3-dimethyltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decan-3-ol | 162893944 | Click to see CC(=C1CCC2(C3C1C2C(CC3)(C)O)C)CO | 236.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
11-Copaen-4-ol | 14807653 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C3C1C2C(CC3)(C)O)C | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
2-[(1R,2R,3R,6S,7R)-6-methyl-8-methylidene-3-tricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decanyl]propan-2-ol | 162885927 | Click to see CC12CCC(C3C1CCC(=C)C23)C(C)(C)O | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
4(15)-Copaen-11-ol | 14807655 | Click to see CC12CCC(C3C1CCC(=C)C23)C(C)(C)O | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
8-(1-Hydroxypropan-2-ylidene)-1,3-dimethyltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]decan-3-ol | 162893943 | Click to see CC(=C1CCC2(C3C1C2C(CC3)(C)O)C)CO | 236.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83755-A |
beta-Cadinene | 10657 | Click to see CC1=CCC2C(C1)C(CC=C2C)C(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 |
Caryophyllene | 5281515 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01959201 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Caryophyllene,alpha + beta mixt. | 5354499 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
Humulene | 5281520 | Click to see CC1=CCC(C=CCC(=CCC1)C)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Elemane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
Beta-Elemene | 6918391 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC(C(C1)C(=C)C)(C)C=C | 204.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
7-epi-alpha-Selinene | 10123 | Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C1CC(CC2)C(=C)C)C | 204.35 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
alpha-Selinene | 10856614 | Click to see CC1=CCCC2(C1CC(CC2)C(=C)C)C | 204.35 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
beta-Selinene | 442393 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(CCCC(=C)C2C1)C | 204.35 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80031-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50018A028 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acids | |||||
Cinnamic acid | 444539 | Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O | 148.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907824 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives | |||||
Rosmarinic acid | 5281792 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1CC(C(=O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O | 360.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2005.04.001 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
Apigenin | 5280443 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 270.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
Acacetin | 5280442 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O | 284.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
Pilosin | 12085264 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)O)O)OC)O | 330.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
Isothymusin | 630253 | Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)OC | 330.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
Salvigenin | 161271 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O | 328.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82238-4 |
Sorbifolin | 3084390 | Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)O | 300.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 8-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
5-o-Desmethylnobiletin | 358832 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)OC)OC)OC)O)OC | 388.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
Nevadensin | 160921 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3O2)OC)O)OC)O | 344.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82238-4 |
Xanthomicrol | 73207 | Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)OC)OC | 344.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00439-8 |
Collections Top
In private collections | 0 |
In public collections | 0 |