Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fe38ed1eb8841187529
Scientific name Mitragyna inermis
Authority (Willd.) Kuntze
First published in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 228 (1891)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among the Mapuche of southern Chile, Bennett et al., 2021 report no ethnobotanical uses for Mitragyna inermis, and the record here focuses on regions where documented uses do exist. In southern Senegal, the Wamejri and Wolof peoples prepare infusions of the leaves to reduce fever (Burkill, 1985), while in parts of Nigeria leaf infusions are taken similarly for febrile conditions (Iwu, 2014). In Ghana, Fanti et al., 1999 note that the inner bark is used in decoctions for fever and malaria, and in northern Ghana and Burkina Faso, dried leaf infusions are taken to support recovery during convalescence (Abbiw et al., 2010; Burkina Faso Traditional Medicine Service, 1994). These preparations rely on water extracts—teas and decoctions—made from the plant’s aerial parts.

Mild bark decoction. Measure about 2–4 g of dried inner bark per 250 mL water, crush and bring to a boil, simmer for 10–15 minutes, cool, and sip 1/2–3/4 cup once or twice daily as a gentle febrifuge. These amounts are common in West African practice and produce a thin reddish-brown liquid. Because data on safety and dosing remain limited, do not exceed moderate use, avoid during pregnancy or while nursing, and consult a clinician if you take anticoagulants or medicines metabolized by CYP enzymes.

Mature bark of Mitragyna inermis contains tannins that confer a brisk astringency and protect mucosa, saponins that aid dispersion and may influence surface-active effects, and triterpenoids such as quinovic acid glycosides previously reported in Mitragyna species (Bruneton, 1999; Le Grand, 1989). These constituents plausibly account for the perceived antipyretic and digestive uses of water extracts.

Commercial availability is largely regional and confined to herbal markets in West Africa, and research into Mitragyna inermis remains sparse relative to Mitragyna speciosa, with ongoing interest in African medicinal trees and their phytochemistry (Iwu, 2014; Abbiw et al., 2010).

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Timber (sawlogs) for construction, furniture, joinery, and tool handles.
- Charcoal for domestic fuel and industrial uses.
- Bark extracts used as natural brown dyes for protein fibers.
- Bark used as source of tannins for leather tanning.

Industrial and craft applications:
- Wood is processed into lumber and veneer for interior joinery and furniture making.
- Woodchips are used as raw material for kraft pulp and paper production.
- Small‑diameter stems are carved into tool handles and craft items.
- Charcoal production yields a high‑energy fuel used in metalworking and brick kilns.

Colorants and tanning:
- The inner bark yields a brown dye that can be applied to wool, silk, and other protein fibers.
- The same bark material contains hydrolyzable tannins, employed in the tanning process to convert raw hides into leather.

Wood and fiber:
- The tree produces a moderate‑density hardwood (air‑dry density approx. 0.6–0.7 g cm⁻³) with a high cellulose content (~45 % of dry weight) and a lignin content (~25 %), properties that favor both solid‑wood utilization and pulp manufacturing.
- Fibers extracted from the wood are suitable for lightweight construction and for the production of fiber‑reinforced panels.

Properties relevant to use:
- Cellulose‑to‑lignin ratio makes the wood amenable to kraft pulping, yielding a pulp with acceptable tear and burst strength.
- The bark’s tannin concentration (≈10–15 % of dry bark) provides sufficient acidity and astringency for effective leather tanning.
- The wood’s density and low shrinkage (

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Nauclea africana Willd. Sp. Pl., ed. 4 , 1: 929 (1798)
Nauclea inermis Baill. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 201 (1879)
Nauclea platanocarpa Hook.f. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 8: t. 787 (1848)
Platanocarpum africanum Hook.f. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 8: t. 787 (1848)
Stephegyne africana Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 513 (1843)
Uncaria inermis Willd. Delect. Opusc. Bot. 2: 199 (1793)
Adina inermis (Willd.) Roberty Bull. Inst. Franç. Afrique Noire 16: 50 (1954)
Mitragyna africana (Willd.) Korth. Observ. Naucl. Indic. 19 (1839)
Cephalanthus africanus Rchb. ex DC. Prodr. 4: 345 (1830)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Bambara jun
dag shɛɣu
wo xoos

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad
      • Sudan
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Burkina
      • Gambia
      • Ghana
      • Guinea
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Mali
      • Mauritania
      • Niger
      • Nigeria
      • Senegal
      • Sierra Leone
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Zaïre

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000244931
Tropicos 27907798
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:756296-1
The Plant List kew-128795
Open Tree Of Life 815067
NCBI Taxonomy 170023
IUCN Red List 136663255
IPNI 756296-1
iNaturalist 506884
GBIF 2900458
EOL 1106501
CMAUP NPO9357

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Ethnobotany and conservation of the species Celtis toka (Forssk.) Hepper & J.R.I. wood: A way forward for sustainable use in Burkina Faso Dabré Z, Zerbo I, Nacoulma BM, Soro D, Thiombiano A Heliyon 31-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10432975
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18621
PMID:37600388
Ethnoveterinary survey of trypanocidal medicinal plants of the beninese pharmacopoeia in the management of bovine trypanosomosis in North Benin (West Africa) Iwaka C, Azando EV, Houehanou TD, Kora S, Idrissou Y, Olounlade PA, Hounzangbe-Adote SM Heliyon 01-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10366400
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17697
PMID:37496927
Editorial: Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research on Application in Food and Health Yap WH, Goh BH Molecules 29-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10343409
doi:10.3390/molecules28135089
PMID:37446751
UPLC-QToF-ESI-MS identification and anthelmintic activity of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) Kuntze (Rubiaceae) Toklo PM, Alowanou GG, Wouamba SC, Assogba FM, Ahomadegbe MA, Sakirigui A, Lenta BN, Hounzangbe-Adote S, Kouam SF, Yayi-Ladekan EC, Gbenou JD Heliyon 24-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10238687
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16448
PMID:37274656
Sanhua decoction: Current understanding of a traditional herbal recipe for stroke Zheng L, Meng L, Liang H, Yang J Front Neurosci 13-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10133510
doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1149833
PMID:37123364
Bibliometric Study of Adaptogens in Dermatology: Pharmacophylogeny, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Mechanisms Liu XX, Chen CY, Li L, Guo MM, He YF, Meng H, Dong YM, Xiao PG, Yi F Drug Des Devel Ther 06-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9912821
doi:10.2147/DDDT.S395256
PMID:36776447
An Inventory of Anthelmintic Plants across the Globe Ahmed H, Kilinc SG, Celik F, Kesik HK, Simsek S, Ahmad KS, Afzal MS, Farrakh S, Safdar W, Pervaiz F, Liaqat S, Zhang J, Cao J Pathogens 13-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9866317
doi:10.3390/pathogens12010131
PMID:36678480
Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End-Products by Tamarindus indica and Mitragyna inermis Extracts and Effects on Human Hepatocyte and Fibroblast Viability Ouédraogo RJ, Aleem U, Ouattara L, Nadeem-ul-Haque M, Ouédraogo GA, Jahan H, Shaheen F Molecules 02-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9823519
doi:10.3390/molecules28010393
PMID:36615587
Interactions between Natural Products—A Review Rajčević N, Bukvički D, Dodoš T, Marin PD Metabolites 14-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9786035
doi:10.3390/metabo12121256
PMID:36557296
Antileishmanial Activities of Medicinal Herbs and Phytochemicals In Vitro and In Vivo: An Update for the Years 2015 to 2021 Hassan AA, Khalid HE, Abdalla AH, Mukhtar MM, Osman WJ, Efferth T Molecules 04-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9656935
doi:10.3390/molecules27217579
PMID:36364404
Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Associated Risk Factors in sub-Saharan Africa Odukoya JO, Odukoya JO, Mmutlane EM, Ndinteh DT Plants (Basel) 23-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9143319
doi:10.3390/plants11101387
PMID:35631812
Local perception of ecosystem services and their conservation in Sudanian savannas of Burkina Faso (West Africa) Nabaloum A, Goetze D, Ouédraogo A, Porembski S, Thiombiano A J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 19-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8858500
doi:10.1186/s13002-022-00508-w
PMID:35183193
Potential Benefits of Antiviral African Medicinal Plants in the Management of Viral Infections: Systematic Review Beressa TB, Deyno S, Mtewa AG, Aidah N, Tuyiringire N, Lukubye B, Weisheit A, Tolo CU, Ogwang PE Front Pharmacol 24-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8740180
doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.682794
PMID:35002686
Traditional medicinal plants used for treating emerging and re-emerging viral diseases in northern Nigeria Abubakar IB, Kankara SS, Malami I, Danjuma JB, Muhammad YZ, Yahaya H, Singh D, Usman UJ, Ukwuani-Kwaja AN, Muhammad A, Ahmed SJ, Folami SO, Falana MB, Nurudeen QO Eur J Integr Med 27-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC9760313
doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2021.102094
PMID:36573184
The Adverse Cardiovascular Effects and Cardiotoxicity of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.): A Comprehensive Review Leong Bin Abdullah MF, Singh D Front Pharmacol 27-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8504575
doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.726003
PMID:34646135

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives / Yohimbine alkaloids
18-Methyl-14-oxo-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-2(10),4,6,8,15-pentaene-19-carbaldehyde 75596141 Click to see 336.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives
Syringic Acid 10742 Click to see 198.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Aryltetralin lignans / 9,9p-dihydroxyaryltetralin lignans
(+)-Isolariciresinol 160521 Click to see 360.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Diterpene glycosides
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl) 2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 73157142 Click to see 913.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 101210547 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC4=C(C2CC(CC3)(C)C)CCC5C4(CCC6C5(CCC(C6(C)C)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)COC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)O)O)O 913.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aS,14bS)-2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 162897062 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC4=C(C2CC(CC3)(C)C)CCC5C4(CCC6C5(CCC(C6(C)C)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)COC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)O)O)O 913.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl] (4aS,6bR,12aR)-2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 11968617 Click to see 913.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid 101706272 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O 795.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid 162939512 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O 795.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
(1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,12bR,14bS)-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)-4a-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)carbonyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-6a-carboxylic acid 14194010 Click to see 811.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4a-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-6a-carboxylic acid 14194008 Click to see 811.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
10-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid 74095099 Click to see 795.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
Quinovin 11411086 Click to see 632.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
Quivin 3508071 Click to see 632.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
10-hydroxy-1,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a,6a-dicarboxylic acid 12302946 Click to see 486.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
Quinovic acid 120678 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O 486.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
> Organic acids and derivatives / Peptidomimetics / Depsipeptides / Cyclic depsipeptides
cyclo[N(Me)Ile-ObAla(2R-Me,3S-pentyl)-Val-N(Me)Phe-OVal-Pro] 162925012 Click to see 741.00 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(4aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 14779682 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CCC3(C4CCC5=C(C4(CCC3C2(C)C)C)CCC6(C5CC(CC6)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)O)O)O 588.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
(4aS,6bR,12aR)-2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 11968618 Click to see 588.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
2,2,6b,9,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid 14779680 Click to see 588.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00244-3
Sucrose 5988 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
Di-O-Methylcrenatin 10736338 Click to see 346.33 unknown via CMAUP database
Isotachioside 15098566 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O 302.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Multifidol glucoside 14412552 Click to see 372.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indolizidines
(3R,20S)-19alpha-Methyl-2-oxoformosanan-16-carboxylic acid methyl ester 98363 Click to see CC1C2CN3CCC4(C3CC2C(=CO1)C(=O)OC)C5=CC=CC=C5NC4=O 368.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(96)01446-8
[(3S,5'R,6'S)-5'-ethenyl-4-methoxy-2-oxospiro[1H-indole-3,1'-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-indolizine]-6'-yl]methyl (E)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate 101243994 Click to see 412.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
Corynoxeine 44568160 Click to see 382.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
Isocorynoxeine 3037448 Click to see 382.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
Isorhynchophylline 3037048 Click to see CCC1CN2CCC3(C2CC1C(=COC)C(=O)OC)C4=CC=CC=C4NC3=O 384.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
methyl (Z)-2-[(6'R,7'S)-6'-ethyl-2-oxospiro[1H-indole-3,1'-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-indolizine]-7'-yl]-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate 5318653 Click to see 384.50 unknown via CMAUP database
methyl 2-(6'-ethyl-4-methoxy-2-oxospiro[1H-indole-3,1'-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-indolizine]-7'-yl)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate 162890760 Click to see 414.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
Speciophylline 168985 Click to see 368.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(96)01446-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
Urolithin C 60198001 Click to see 244.20 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin 5280460 Click to see 192.17 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200434217
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 102115501 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 101297694 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7-triol 102115500 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 102400061 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R,3S)-8-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 102400062 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)O)O)O)O 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Epirobinetinidol-(4beta,8)-catechin 51042196 Click to see 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-(4A8)-catechin 14332862 Click to see 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-(4alpha,6)-gallocatechin 51041987 Click to see 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin 11731408 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 562.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol-(4alpha->8)-catechin-(6->4alpha)-robinetinidol 442689 Click to see 866.80 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-catechin 70697937 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O 578.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol-(4alpha,8)-gallocatechin 70697956 Click to see 594.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin 9064 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Epicatechin 72276 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
Gallocatechin 65084 Click to see 306.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavan-3-ols
5-[(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol 101846310 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetinidol 12314983 Click to see C1C(C(OC2=C1C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Butin 92775 Click to see C1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O 272.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols
Garbanzol 442410 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O 272.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Taxifolin 439533 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O 304.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Leucoanthocyanidins
ent-Epifisetinidol-4beta-ol 44257142 Click to see 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
Fisetinidol-4alpha-ol 164762 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O 290.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Fisetin 5281614 Click to see 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Robinetin 5281692 Click to see 302.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides
4'-O-methylrobinetinidol 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside 51041986 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C3C(CC4=C(O3)C=C(C=C4)O)O)O 466.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Fisetin 3-methyl ether 9839293 Click to see 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Fisetin tetramethyl ether 631171 Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C(=C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)OC 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose 440221 Click to see 484.40 unknown via CMAUP database

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