Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Betula alnoides has been used in teas and poultices in parts of India. Healers in Assam and nearby hill regions prepare a leaf tea as a mild bitter digestive tonic and use crushed leaves or a leaf decoction applied topically as a poultice for minor wounds and bruises (Bhagwat, 1993; Jain, 1991). Communities in Myanmar rely on a leaf decoction taken to relieve fevers and respiratory discomfort, and also apply warm leaf poultices for rheumatic pain (Perry, 1980). On the Lao People's Democratic Republic side of the Indochina region, roots are decocted in water and drunk in modest amounts to treat diarrhea and dysentery (Souvannavong, 2000).

For a simple leaf tea, use 1 small handful (about 2 to 3 grams) of young dried leaves and pour 250 milliliters of just‑boiled water over them; cover and steep 5 to 10 minutes, then strain. Alternatively for a stronger decoction, simmer the same amount of dried leaves in 300 milliliters of water for 10 minutes, cool slightly, and drink warm. Do not exceed 2 cups daily; avoid during pregnancy and lactation unless advised by a qualified practitioner (Bhagwat, 1993; Perry, 1980).

Research on Betula alnoides has identified triterpenoids such as betulin and betulinic acid, flavonoids including quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, and phenolic acids like gallic acid and caffeic acid, compounds consistent with mild astringent, anti‑inflammatory, and antimicrobial actions (Sharma et al., 2004; Alam et al., 2014). These constituents plausibly support the traditional use of leaf teas and poultices for minor digestive complaints and as a topical wash for wounds.

Contemporary interest remains modest; leaf teas and decoctions are sold locally by herbal vendors in parts of India, and modern analytical work continues to explore these well‑established birch triterpenoids and flavonoids (Sharma et al., 2004; Souvannavong, 2000).

General Uses Top

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Wood and fiber:
Betula alnoides yields a light, pale hardwood suitable for timber and pulpwood. The species is listed among Indian birch timbers used for matchsticks and small timbers (e.g., packing cases and general carpentry) and is reported as a pulpwood species. It is classified among fast-growing birches suitable for plantation-grown pulpwood.

Industrial and craft applications:
Wood suitable for match splints, pencils, turnery, and light carpentry.

Colorants and tanning:
Non-documented in reliable sources for Betula alnoides; no entries for dye/tannin products from this taxon.

Fragrance and cosmetics, Food and beverages (non-medicinal), Common products, Adhesives/coatings/biofuels/bioplastics, Fermentation feedstocks, Standards and regulation, Sustainability and sourcing:
No reliable, taxon-specific records identified; sections omitted.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Betula acuminata var. arguta	Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 129. 1861
Betula acuminata var. glabra	Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 129. 1861
Betula acuminata var. lancifolia	Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 130. 1861
Betula acuminata var. pilosa	Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 129. 1861
Betula affinis	Endl.	Gen. Pl. , Suppl. 4(2): 20 (1848)
Betula alnoides var. acuminata	(Spach) H.J.P.Winkl.	Pflanzenr. IV, 61: 89 1904
Betula cylindrostachya var. pilosa	(Regel) Regel	Prodr. 16(2): 189 1868
Betula cylindrostachya var. subglabra	Regel	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 189. 1868
Betula nitida	D.Don	Prodr. Fl. Nepal. : 58 (1825)
Betulaster acuminata	Spach	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 15: 198 (1841)
Betulaster affinis	Spach	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 15: 199 (1841)
Betulaster nitida	Spach	Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 15: 200 (1841)
Betula nitida var. affinis	(Spach) Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 130. 1861
Betula acuminata	Wall.	Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 7 (1830)
Betula acuminata var. argula	Regel	Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 130 1861

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	indian birch
English	himalayan birch
Icelandic	oddabjörk
Russian	Берёза ольховидная
Thai	กำลังเสือโคร่ง
Chinese	桦桃树
Chinese	西南桦
Chinese	西桦
Chinese	西南桦木
Chinese	西樺
Chinese	xi hua

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - Nepal
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000330941
Tropicos	3600613
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295031-1
The Plant List	kew-21139
PaleoBotany	98839
Open Tree Of Life	921963
NCBI Taxonomy	284673
IUCN Red List	194256
IPNI	295031-1
iNaturalist	437364
GBIF	5331519
Freebase	/m/0zgb04v
EPPO	BETAN
EOL	1149473
USDA GRIN	7069
Wikipedia	Betula_alnoides
CMAUP	NPO992
PFAF	Betula alnoides

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants used to treat musculoskeletal disorders among Skaw Karen, Thailand

Kantasrila R, Pandith H, Balslev H, Wangpakapattanawong P, Panyadee P, Inta A

Pharm Biol

22-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10763916
doi:	10.1080/13880209.2023.2292261
PMID:	38131672

Assessment of Carbon Sequestration in Private Forests across Two Different Physiographic Regions of Nepal: Implications for Conservation and Climate Change Mitigation

Joshi R, Shrestha TK, Mishra B, Gautam J, Maharjan B, Gosai KR, Maraseni T, Neupane B

Scientifica (Cairo)

04-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10713251
doi:	10.1155/2023/6599067
PMID:	38089447

The presence of wild edible plants and determinants influencing their harvest, consumption, and conservation in south eastern Bhutan

Bajgai RC, Bajgai Y, Johnson SB

PLoS One

10-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10564141
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0285936
PMID:	37816046

Modeling and evaluating site and provenance variation in height–diameter relationships for Betula alnoides Buch.–Ham. ex D. Don in southern China

Yin M, Wang C, Wang H, Han Q, Zhao Z, Tang C, Guo J, Zeng J

Front Plant Sci

02-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10577385
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1248278
PMID:	37849846

Betula mcallisteri sp. nov. (sect. Acuminatae, Betulaceae), a new diploid species overlooked in the wild and in cultivation, and its relation to the widespread B. luminifera

Zhang H, Ding J, Holstein N, Wang N

Front Plant Sci

23-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10268003
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1113274
PMID:	37324661

Megafossils of Betulaceae from the Oligocene of Qaidam Basin and their paleoenvironmental and phytogeographic implications

Yang T, Cai JH, Dai YZ, Chen HY, Han L, Zhang L, Liang WY, Li XJ, Li WJ, Wu JY, Xie SP, Yan DF

Plant Divers

30-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10851302
doi:	10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.007
PMID:	38343597

A computational overview of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) against emerging and evolving drug-resistant HIV-1 integrase mutants

Sayyed SK, Quraishi M, Jobby R, Rameshkumar N, Kayalvizhi N, Krishnan M, Sonawane T

Arch Microbiol

26-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10039815
doi:	10.1007/s00203-023-03461-8
PMID:	36966200

Wildlife habitat mapping using Sentinel-2 imagery of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Ahmad A, Kanagaraj R, Gopi GV

Heliyon

20-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10009465
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13799
PMID:	36923836

Multilayer Transparent Wood with Log Color Composed of Different Tree Species

Zhou J, Wang Y, Wang J, Wu Y

ACS Omega

06-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9773806
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.2c04842
PMID:	36570247

High association strengths are linked to phenotypic similarity, including plumage color and patterns, of participants in mixed-species bird flocks of southwestern China

Zhou L, Mammides C, Chen Y, Zhou W, Dai W, Braun EL, Kimball RT, Liu Y, Robinson SK, Goodale E

Curr Zool

03-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC10926261
doi:	10.1093/cz/zoac096
PMID:	38476134

Incorporating stand density effects and regression techniques for stem taper modeling of a Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation

Xu A, Wang D, Liu Q, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Huang X

Front Plant Sci

30-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9561909
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2022.902325
PMID:	36247560

Comparative physiological analyses and the genetic basis reveal heat stress responses mechanism among different Betula luminifera populations

Hu XG, Xu Y, Shen N, Liu M, Zhuang H, Borah P, Tong Z, Lin E, Huang H

Front Plant Sci

23-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9538328
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2022.997818
PMID:	36212384

Exposed Rock Reduces Tree Size, but Not Diversity

Li J, Zhang L, Li Y

Front Plant Sci

07-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9210165
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2022.851781
PMID:	35747882

Local Wisdom and Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Cha Miang Forest in Mae Kampong Village, Chiang Mai, Thailand, and Their Potential for Use as Osteoprotective Products

Sukkho T, Khanongnuch C, Lumyong S, Ruangsuriya J, Pattananandecha T, Apichai S, Ogata F, Kawasaki N, Saenjum C

Plants (Basel)

01-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9182823
doi:	10.3390/plants11111492
PMID:	35684265

Ethnomedicinal study of medicinal plants used by Mizo tribes in Champhai district of Mizoram, India

Laldingliani TB, Thangjam NM, Zomuanawma R, Bawitlung L, Pal A, Kumar A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

24-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC8944157
doi:	10.1186/s13002-022-00520-0
PMID:	35331291

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives
(2S)-2-hydroxy-1-(3-phenylpropanoyl)-2H-pyrrol-5-one	102442767	Click to see	231.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
(2S)-2-methoxy-1-(3-phenylpropanoyl)-2H-pyrrol-5-one	102442768	Click to see COC1C=CC(=O)N1C(=O)CCC2=CC=CC=C2	245.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentamide A	11528614	Click to see	215.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters / o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters
Methyl Salicylate	4133	Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O	152.15	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1991.9697988 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
> Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles
3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-(pyrrol-1-yl)propan-1-one	51136593	Click to see	229.27	unknown	via CMAUP database
Asarone	636822	Click to see	208.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
gamma-Asarone	636750	Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C=C1CC=C)OC)OC	208.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans
Horsfieldin	101389128	Click to see	356.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sesamin	72307	Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6	354.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Very long-chain fatty acids
Pentacosanoic acid	10468	Click to see	382.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines
(2E,4E)-N-[(2R)-2-methylbutyl]deca-2,4-dienamide	38347217	Click to see	237.38	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,4-Hexadecadienamide, N-(2-methylpropyl)-, (E,E)-	6442402	Click to see	307.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
2,4-Octadienamide, N-(2-methylpropyl)-, (E,E)-	6479668	Click to see	195.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
Dodecatetraenoic acid isobutylamide, (2E,4E)-	6443006	Click to see	251.41	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pellitorine	5318516	Click to see	223.35	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pipericine	9974234	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C	335.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Tetradeca-2E,4E-Dienoic Acid Isobutylamide	10731388	Click to see	279.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Monoradylglycerols / Monoacylglycerols / 1-monoacylglycerols
[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] tetracosanoate	163004763	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl tetracosanoate	14542801	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
Linalool	6549	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(+-)-alpha-Pinene	6654	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
Beta-Pinene	14896	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
Camphor	2537	Click to see	152.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
Alpha-Terpineol	17100	Click to see	154.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
Limonene, (+/-)-	22311	Click to see CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1995.9698589
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl) acetate	5205968	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2CCC4(C3=CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
D-Friedoolean-14-en-3-one	500344	Click to see	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Taraxerol acetate	94225	Click to see	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Taraxerone	92785	Click to see	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(+)-Ursolic Acid	64945	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
10-Acetyloxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid	619165	Click to see	498.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147
3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid	619166	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
3-O-Acetyloleanolic Acid	151202	Click to see	498.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147
Betulin	72326	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147
Betulinic Acid	64971	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147
Lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy-	2371	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)-	521518	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147
Lup-20(29)-ene-3beta,28-diol	221023	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958147 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Oleanolic Acid	10494	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)-	220774	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside	296119	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Sitogluside	5742590	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C	576.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see	412.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acid derivatives / Primary carboxylic acid amides
Dodeca-2,4-dienamide	57265506	Click to see	195.30	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
(2E,6E)-7-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2,6-heptadien-1-one	10935441	Click to see C1CCN(C1)C(=O)C=CCCC=CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3	299.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-1E-tetradecene	5319627	Click to see	316.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-[(2E,4E,8E)-9-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2,4,8-nonatrienoyl]pyrrolidine	11964516	Click to see	325.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-[(2E,8E)-9-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2,8-nonadienoyl]pyrrolidine	14162526	Click to see C1CCN(C1)C(=O)C=CCCCCC=CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3	327.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
1-Allyl-2,6-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene	15699856	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OCO2)OC)CC=C	222.24	unknown	via CMAUP database
Brachystamide B	10047263	Click to see CC(C)CNC(=O)C=CC=CCCCCCCCCC=CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	411.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Guineesine	6442405	Click to see	383.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pipercallosidine	5372065	Click to see	303.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pipercallosine	5372201	Click to see CC(C)CNC(=O)C=CC=CCCCCC1=CC2=C(C=C1)OCO2	329.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarisan	95289	Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1CC=C)OCO2	192.21	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrroles / Substituted pyrroles
3-Phenyl-1-(pyrrol-1-yl)propan-1-one	11074385	Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCC(=O)N2C=CC=C2	199.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrrolidines / N-acylpyrrolidines
Sarmentine	6440616	Click to see	221.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives
(E)-1-[(3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one	52326187	Click to see	233.26	unknown	via CMAUP database
[(3S,4S)-4-acetyloxy-1-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl] acetate	11638279	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CN(CC1OC(=O)C)C(=O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2	317.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
Langkamide	53494929	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C=CC(=O)N2CC=CC2=O	303.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentamide C	11514809	Click to see	291.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acids
2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-	8784	Click to see	148.16	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids
(2S)-5-hydroxy-6,8-bis[[2-hydroxy-5-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]phenyl]methyl]-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one	56672279	Click to see	664.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-Methoxychamanetin	56682299	Click to see	376.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-Methoxydichamanetin	56656188	Click to see	482.50	unknown	via CMAUP database
7-Methoxyisochamanetin	70698153	Click to see	376.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Isochamanetin	5318528	Click to see	362.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentosumin A	56600474	Click to see	680.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentosumin B	56600475	Click to see	680.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentosumin C	56600476	Click to see	786.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
Sarmentosumin D	56600677	Click to see	786.90	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Pinocembrin	68071	Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3	256.25	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	5378597	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Isoquercetin	5280804	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011
Vitamin P	5293655	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.02.011

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Betula alnoides

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Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

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Phytochemical Profile Top

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