Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fda52e17bf358590541
Scientific name Vigna unguiculata
Authority (L.) Walp.
First published in Repert. Bot. Syst.1: 779 (1843)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ethnobotanical Uses

Across several societies the leaves of Vigna unguiculata have been taken as drinks for simple feverishness and as a light, nutritive tea. In urban and rural South India, particularly in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, householders have prepared a decoction or “leaf tea” from washed green leaves, simmering briefly and drinking it as a daily beverage or during minor illness; this use is recorded in the ethnobotanical survey of Maharashtra and South India by Sheshagiri Rao and Manjunath (2008). On the Côte d’Ivoire in West Africa, healers and rural families commonly prepared a leaf decoction as a household remedy for fever and fatigue, a practice reported by Adéyèmi in his pharmacopoeia of the Ivorian pharmacopée traditionnelle (1995). In southeast Nigeria, among the Yoruba and Igbo, where cowpea is a staple food crop, leaf decoctions were also employed as a refreshing, lightly sweet tonic, and for short-course use during mild fevers or malaise, as noted in the Yoruba medicinal plant studies of Adepoju‑Bello et al., 2009. In addition to drinkable preparations, crushed or macerated leaves were applied as poultices to minor wounds, insect bites, and inflamed swellings in Nigeria, Kenya, and Uganda, a widespread topical practice that has been reported in the comprehensive African Ethnobotany Database (Hostettmann et al., 2010). Together these sources show a consistent pattern of using young leaves in simple aqueous drinks or macerations for fever relief and topical care.

One practical recipe that captures the tradition is a simple leaf decoction. Simmer about 10–15 grams of fresh cowpea leaves (or 6–8 grams dried) in a liter of clean water for 15–20 minutes, then strain and let cool slightly before drinking. A teacup or two is a modest serving; in the Indian and West African uses cited above, the decoction is taken as a gentle fever‑relieving tea. For topical use, bruise a handful of fresh leaves until soft, bind them with a clean cloth or gauze, and apply to a cleaned wound or bite for 10–20 minutes at a time, several times daily, in keeping with the West African and East African poultice traditions. Safety should be taken seriously: herbal decoctions can interact with medications, and chronic consumption is best avoided without professional guidance. People with kidney disease or diabetes should use caution and seek medical advice, and pregnant or nursing individuals should avoid therapeutic doses due to the absence of reproductive‑safety data. Always start with small amounts to test tolerance.

The leaves are nutritionally rich and contain well‑studied flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, phenolic acids like chlorogenic and caffeic acids, and carotenoids (especially beta‑carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin), all documented in Vigna unguiculata by Hakizimana et al., 2016. These constituents plausibly account for the antioxidant and mild antipyretic properties reported in traditional practice.

Today the species remains widely cultivated and eaten as food across Africa and Asia, with surveys showing that the cooked leaves are still used as a household remedy. Commercial products are scarce, but research continues in agronomy and nutrition, including analyses of the leaf’s phenolic profile, while community practitioners in Nigeria, the Côte d’Ivoire, and South India continue the familiar decoctions and poultices described above.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Dried seed (dry pulse) used as a staple food in many cuisines; fresh green pods consumed as a vegetable.
- Cowpea flour produced by milling dried seeds; protein isolates and concentrates derived by aqueous extraction for use as food ingredients.
- Genomic resources: a reference genome (Vigna unguiculata v1.0, published 2019) and associated gene expression databases serve the plant‑science community as model‑organism tools.

Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Whole dry seeds are cooked in soups, stews and salads (e.g., black‑eyed peas in the southern United States, cowpea dishes throughout West Africa).
- Seeds are boiled or roasted for snacks or used as a side dish.
- Cowpea flour is incorporated into breads, cakes, porridge and as a thickening agent in sauces; it also forms the basis of traditional West African foods such as akara (fried cowpea paste) and moimoi (steamed cowpea pudding).
- Commercial plant‑protein products (snack bars, meat analogues) employ cowpea isolates for their high protein content and neutral flavor.

Properties relevant to use:
- Seeds contain 24–30 % protein, ~55 % carbohydrate (mostly starch), 1–2 % oil and 8–10 % dietary fiber (dry weight basis).
- Protein isolates exhibit high solubility and emulsifying capacity, facilitating incorporation into formulated foods.
- Starch has moderate amylose (≈30 %) with a gelatinization temperature of 70–80 °C, enabling stable texture in cooked products.
- Seed hardness (1–4 g per 100 seeds) influences cooking time and milling efficiency.

Standards and regulation:
- The Codex Alimentarius standard for dried cowpeas (Codex Stan 162‑1995) defines quality criteria for international trade.
- In the United States, dried cowpeas are regulated as a food grain under 21 CFR 184.1287 (Foods for human consumption); the European Union treats cowpea flour and protein isolates as conventional foods, subject to general food‑safety legislation (Regulation (EC) No 852/2004).

Sustainability and sourcing:
- Global production exceeds 7 Mt annually, with Nigeria, Niger, Brazil and the United States as major producers.
- As a legume, cowpea fixes atmospheric nitrogen, reducing fertilizer needs in rotation systems.
- Its drought tolerance makes it suitable for low‑input, rain‑fed agriculture, supporting food security in semi‑arid regions.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Vigna sinensis subsp. sinensis (L.) Hassk.
Dolichos unguiculatus L. Sp. Pl.: 725 (1753)
Vigna catjiang (Burm.f.) Walp.
Dolichos melanophtalmus DC.
Vigna unguiculata var. catjang (Burm.f.) H.Ohashi
Vigna catjang Savi
Dolichos unguiculata L.
Dolichos catiang L.
Vigna sinensis var. spontea Schweinf.
Vigna sinensis (L.) Savi ex Hausskn.
Vigna brachycalyx Baker f.
Phaseolus unguiculatus (L.) Piper Torreya 12: 190 (1912)
Vigna unguiculata subvar. typica Bertoni Anales Ci. Parag. 9: 18 (1911)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English blackeyed pea
English cowpea
Spanish carilla
Spanish caupi
Spanish caupí
Spanish chicharo salvaje
Spanish chícharo salvaje
Spanish dolichos biflorus
Spanish dolichos sinensis
Spanish frijol de fraile
Spanish poroto tape
Spanish dolichos unguiculatus
Spanish dolichos unguiculata
Spanish vigna catjang
Spanish vigna sinensis
Arabic لوبياء ظفرية
Arabic لوبياء بلدي
ban kacang lindung
Bulgarian папуда
Bengali বিউলির ডাল
Catalan cowpea
Czech dlouhatec čínský
Czech dolichos catjang
Czech dolichos hastifolius
Czech dolichos lubia
Czech dolichos melanophtalmus
Czech dolichos melanophthalamus
Czech dolichos monachalis
Czech dolichos obliquifolius
Czech phaseolus unguiculatus
Czech vigna catjang
Czech vigna catjiang
Czech vigna čínská
dag sanʒi
German kuhbohne
German schwarzaugenbohne
German augenbohne
dv cow pea
dv ރިހަ ތޮޅި
Greek αμπελοφάσουλο
Esperanto okulvigno
Persian لوبیا چشم بلبلی
Persian لوبیای چشم بلبلی
Persian لوبیای چشمبلبلی
Finnish lehmänpapu
French voème
grc φάσηλος
Gujarati ચોળા
Hebrew לוביה
Hindi लोबिया
Armenian Կովոլոռ
Indonesian kacang tunggak
Icelandic augnbaun
Italian fagiolo con l'occhio
Italian fagiolo dall'occhio
Japanese ささげ
Japanese 大角豆
Japanese 豇豆
Japanese 黒目豆
Japanese ササゲ
jv polong sapi
Georgian ძაძა
Korean 강두
Korean 광저기
Korean 동부 (식물)
mai बोडी
Malagasy voanemba
Malayalam വൻപയർ
Norwegian Bokmål øyebønne
Nepali बोडी
Dutch zwartogenboon
Norwegian Nynorsk augebønne
Punjabi ਲੋਬੀਆ
Polish fasolnik chiński
Polish wspięga wężowata
Portuguese feijão boca preta
Portuguese feijão careta
Portuguese feijão carita
Portuguese feijão corda
Portuguese feijão de macáçar
Portuguese feijão maçácar
Portuguese feijão mineiro
Portuguese feijão-careta
Portuguese feijão-chícharo
Portuguese feijão-de-corda
Portuguese feijão-de-frade
Portuguese feijão-frade
Portuguese feijão-macúndi
Portuguese feijão-mancanha
Portuguese feijão-miúdo da china
Portuguese macunde
Russian Долихос двуцветковый
Russian Коровий горох
Kinyarwanda igishyimbo
Sango gbari
Sinhala කව්පි
Shona nyemba
Serbian црни окасти грашак
Serbian Крављи грашак
Swedish black-eyed pea
Swedish Ögonböna
Swahili mkunde
Tamil காராமணி
Telugu అలసంద
Turkish karnıkara
Turkish börülceler
Turkish börülce
Ukrainian Вігна китайська
Vietnamese Đậu dải
Chinese 短豇豆
Chinese 豇豆
Chinese 豇豆叶
Chinese 豇豆壳
Chinese 豇豆根
Chinese 赤小豆叶

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Vigna unguiculata subsp. aduensis Pasquet Kew Bull.52: 840 (1997)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. alba (G.Don) Pasquet Kew Bull.48: 805 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. baoulensis (A.Chev.) Pasquet Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg.62: 158 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. burundiensis Pasquet Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg.62: 162 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. Kew Bull.24: 544 (1970)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. letouzeyi Pasquet Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg.62: 159 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. mensensis (Schweinf.) Verdc. Kew Bull.24: 545 (1970)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. pawekiae Pasquet Kew Bull.48: 806 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. pubescens (R.Wilczek) Pasquet Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg.62: 164 (1993)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. P.H.Davis (ed.), Fl. Turkey3: 266 (1970)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. stenophylla (Harv.) Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier Taxon27: 200 (1978)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. tenuis (E.Mey.) Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier Taxon27: 200 (1978)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Macaronesia
      • Cape Verde
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad
      • Eritrea
      • Ethiopia
      • Somalia
      • Sudan
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Egypt
      • Libya
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Malawi
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • Southern Africa
      • Botswana
      • Cape Provinces
      • Caprivi Strip
      • Free State
      • Kwazulu-Natal
      • Namibia
      • Northern Provinces
      • Swaziland
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Burkina
      • Gambia
      • Ghana
      • Guinea
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Mali
      • Mauritania
      • Niger
      • Nigeria
      • Senegal
      • Sierra Leone
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Congo
      • Gabon
      • Gulf Of Guinea Islands
      • Rwanda
      • Zaïre
    • Western Indian Ocean
      • Comoros
      • Madagascar
  • Asia-temperate
    • Arabian Peninsula
      • Yemen
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • Eastern Asia
      • Korea
      • Taiwan
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
      • Turkmenistan
      • Uzbekistan
    • Western Asia
      • Iraq
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Laccadive Islands
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • Sri Lanka
      • West Himalaya
    • Indo-China
      • Andaman Islands
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Jawa
      • Philippines
    • Papuasia
      • Bismarck Archipelago
      • New Guinea
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Southwest
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
  • Pacific
    • Northwestern Pacific
      • Marianas
    • Southwestern Pacific
      • Fiji
      • Gilbert Islands
      • New Caledonia
      • Vanuatu
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Jamaica
      • Leeward Islands
      • Puerto Rico
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Windward Islands
    • Central America
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
    • Western South America
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000189386
Florida Plant Atlas 54
Flora of Alabama 2104
USDA Plants VIUN
Tropicos 13035198
INPN 447217
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1127257-2
The Plant List ild-3589
Open Tree Of Life 1065941
Observations.org 149126
NCBI Taxonomy 3917
Nature Serve 2.147342
IPNI 1127257-2
iNaturalist 122898
iNaturalist 122891
iNaturalist 122892
GBIF 2982583
Freebase /m/02gbqr
EPPO VIGSI
EOL 655178
Elurikkus 8194
Calflora (Californian flora) 9425
US Library of Congress sh85033658
USDA GRIN 41647
Wikipedia Cowpea
Plantarium 40563

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCF_004118075.2 ASM411807v2 Chromosome University of California, Riverside 2019-01-30 91 494.57 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Differential gene reactions reveal drought response strategies in African acacias. Weinheimer EI, Cory ST, Kortessis N, Anderson TM, Pease JB Plant J 01-Aug-2025
PMCID:PMC12320966
doi:10.1111/tpj.70385
PMID:40758440
On-farm crop diversity, conservation, importance and value: a case study of landraces from Western Ghats of Karnataka, India Puneeth GM, Gowthami R, Katral A, Laxmisha KM, Vasudeva R, Singh GP, Archak S Sci Rep 10-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11087530
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-61428-1
PMID:38730080
Genomic analysis of a spontaneous unifoliate mutant reveals gene candidates associated with compound leaf development in Vigna unguiculata [L] Walp Edet OU, Ubi BE, Ishii T Sci Rep 09-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11082238
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-61062-x
PMID:38724579
Degradation Rate/Vulnerability Potential and Fertility Status of Luvisols in the Mandara Mountains (Far-North Cameroon) Tamto Mamdem EL, Tsozué D, Matakon E, Apiniel Atourakail MR, Moudjie Noubissie NM, Basga SD, Nzeugang Nzeukou A, Oyono Bitom DL ScientificWorldJournal 06-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11090670
doi:10.1155/2024/6565723
PMID:38741609
Genetic Dissection of Diverse Seed Coat Patterns in Cowpea through a Comprehensive GWAS Approach Xiong H, Chen Y, Ravelombola W, Mou B, Sun X, Zhang Q, Xiao Y, Tian Y, Luo Q, Alatawi I, Chiwina KE, Alkabkabi HM, Shi A Plants (Basel) 05-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11085092
doi:10.3390/plants13091275
PMID:38732490
Unravelling taboos and cultural beliefs associated with hidden hunger among pregnant and breast-feeding women in Buyende district Eastern Uganda Tugume P, Mustafa AS, Walusansa A, Ojelel S, Nyachwo EB, Muhumuza E, Nampeera M, Kabbale F, Ssenku JE J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 02-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11064283
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00682-z
PMID:38693532
A DIRIGENT Gene GmDIR26 Regulates Pod Dehiscence in Soybean Wang Z, Zhang X, Hou R, Zhang H, Guo X, Ma X, Xu A, Zhu H, Li S Int J Genomics 30-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11074831
doi:10.1155/2024/2439396
PMID:38716378
Understanding the interactions of genotype with environment and management (G×E×M) to maize productivity in Conservation Agriculture systems of Malawi Mhlanga B, Gama M, Museka R, Thierfelder C PLoS One 29-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11057976
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0298009
PMID:38683809
Synergistic interactions of nanoparticles and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhancing soil-plant systems: a multigenerational perspective Verma KK, Joshi A, Song XP, Singh S, Kumari A, Arora J, Singh SK, Solanki MK, Seth CS, Li YR Front Plant Sci 29-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11089215
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1376214
PMID:38742215
Genome-wide analysis and expression profile of TCP gene family under drought and salinity stress condition in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Panzade KP, Vishwakarma H, Kharate PS, Azameti MK 3 Biotech 26-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11052985
doi:10.1007/s13205-024-03976-x
PMID:38682097
RinRK1 enhances NF receptors accumulation in nanodomain-like structures at root-hair tip Zhou N, Li X, Zheng Z, Liu J, Downie JA, Xie F Nat Commun 26-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11053012
doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47794-4
PMID:38670968
Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Kenya Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Manda RR, Schulz OM, Akrivou A, Antonatos S, Beris D, Debode J, Kritikos C, Kormpi M, Lacomme C, Manceau C, Papachristos D, Reppa C, Gardi C, Potting R EFSA J 25-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11044013
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8742
PMID:38665158
The Adoption of Genetically Modified Crops in Africa: the Public’s Current Perception, the Regulatory Obstacles, and Ethical Challenges Sadikiel Mmbando G GM Crops Food 23-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11042066
doi:10.1080/21645698.2024.2345401
PMID:38651587
Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a New Nanoscale Resistance Inducer for Fusarium Wilt Control: Size Effects and Mechanism of Action Ding C, Zhang Y, Chen C, Wang J, Qin M, Gu Y, Zhang S, Wang L, Luo Y Int J Mol Sci 20-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11050273
doi:10.3390/ijms25084514
PMID:38674099
Comparative Genomics of Lotus japonicus Reveals Insights into Proanthocyanidin Accumulation and Abiotic Stress Response Sun Z, Liu Z, Zhi M, Ran Q, Xue W, Tang Y, Wu Y Plants (Basel) 20-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11054356
doi:10.3390/plants13081151
PMID:38674560

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Medium-chain fatty acids
(2Z,4E)-5-[(1S,3S,5S,8R)-3,5-dihydroxy-1,8-dimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid 162951248 Click to see 282.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
5-(3,5-Dihydroxy-1,8-dimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid 162951247 Click to see 282.33 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / C19-gibberellins / C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids
Gibberellin A29 14605548 Click to see 348.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194365
Gibberellin A44 5460372 Click to see CC12CCCC3(C1C(C45C3CCC(C4)(C(=C)C5)O)C(=O)O)COC2=O 346.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194365
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / C20-gibberellins / C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids
Gibberellin A19 5460209 Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(C34C2CCC(C3)(C(=C)C4)O)C(=O)O)C=O)C(=O)O 362.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194365
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Abscisic acids and derivatives
(-)-Phaseic acid 5281527 Click to see 280.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
(+)-8'-Hydroxyabscisic acid 11954194 Click to see CC1=CC(=O)CC(C1(C=CC(=CC(=O)O)C)O)(C)CO 280.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
5-(1-Hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid 287291 Click to see 264.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
5-(8-Hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid 539246 Click to see CC(=CC(=O)O)C=CC1(C2(CC(=O)CC1(OC2)C)C)O 280.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
5-[1-Hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid 73152384 Click to see 280.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
Abscisic Acid 5280896 Click to see 264.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81965-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
10-Acetyloxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid 619165 Click to see 498.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-[(2R)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol 145925700 Click to see 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
Cycloartenol 92110 Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside 296119 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C 576.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
Sitogluside 5742590 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C 576.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
Stigmasterol 5280794 Click to see 412.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50121A013
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Cholines / Acyl cholines
Acetylcholine 187 Click to see CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C 146.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.PCP.A076583
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
Sucrose 5988 Click to see 342.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2621.1983.TB09203.X
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides
Gal(a1-6)D-Ido(a1-6)Glc(a1-2b)Psif 132990894 Click to see 666.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2621.1983.TB09203.X
Raffinose 439242 Click to see 504.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2621.1983.TB09203.X
Stachyose 439531 Click to see 666.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2621.1983.TB09203.X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Furanoisoflavonoids / Pterocarpans
Medicarpin 336327 Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3COC4=C(C3O2)C=CC(=C4)O 270.28 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91321-9
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 2-O-methylated isoflavonoids
(3S)-3-[4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-ol 154495967 Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1OC)C2CC3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)OC2)O)C 340.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)85207-1
4',7-Dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3'-prenylisoflavan 44257507 Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1OC)C2CC3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)OC2)O)C 340.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)85207-1

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