Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fd953b12eb919862777
Scientific name Hardenbergia violacea
Authority (Schneev.) Stearn
First published in J. Bot.78: 70 (1940)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Ornamental nursery stock and cut‑flower production. Plants of Hardenbergia violacea are sold as cultivated vines for garden trellises, fences, and ground‑cover plantings, and the flowering stems are used in fresh floral arrangements. The species is marketed under the common name “purple coral pea” and is available through Australian native‑plant nurseries and online retailers.
- Propagation material. Seed and semi‑hardwood cuttings are the primary propagules supplied to the horticultural trade.

Properties relevant to use:
- Growth habit. A vigorous, woody, twining vine capable of reaching 5–10 m in length, which provides rapid coverage of vertical supports.
- Foliage. Evergreen, glossy, trifoliolate leaves that retain colour year‑round, supporting landscape aesthetics even in non‑flowering periods.
- Flowering. Late winter to early spring production of abundant, pea‑shaped, purple‑blue blossoms that remain attractive for several weeks, making the species valuable for cut‑flower work.
- Tolerance. Plants respond well to pruning and can be shaped to maintain a manageable size, which is advantageous for garden maintenance.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- Cultivation. Commercial production is almost entirely based on cultivated stock propagated by seed or cuttings; wild harvesting is not required and is generally avoided by growers.
- Environmental impact. Because the species is propagated in nurseries, its trade does not place pressure on natural populations and contributes to the conservation of Australian native flora through ex‑situ cultivation.
- Regulation. Trade of native Australian ornamental plants, including H. violacea, follows the Australian Plant Variety Rights (PVR) system and the Biosecurity (Plant and Plant Product Quarantine) regulations that govern the movement of native plant material.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Hardenbergia monophylla (Vent.) Benth. Comm. Legum. Gen.: 60 (1837)
Kennedia monophylla Vent. Jard. Malmaison: 106 (1805)
Kennedia ovata Sims Bot. Mag.47: t. 2169 (1820)
Glycine virens Sol. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 692 (1840)
Hardenbergia bimaculata (Curtis) Domin Biblioth. Bot.22(89): 219 (1926)
Hardenbergia cordata (Lindl.) Benth. Comm. Legum. Gen.: 60 (1837)
Hardenbergia ovata (Sims) Benth. Comm. Legum. Gen.: 60 (1837)
Glycine bimaculata Curtis Bot. Mag.8: t. 263 (1794)
Glycine violacea Schneev. Icon. Pl. Rar.: t. 29 (1793)
Kennedia cordata Lindl. Bot. Reg.11: t. 944 (1825)
Kennedia longiracemosa (Lindl.) G.Lodd. Bot. Cab.20: t. 1940 (1833)
Caulinia bimaculata (Curtis) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl.1: 171 (1891)
Caulinia monophylla (Vent.) F.Muell. Fragm.7: 128 (1871)
Hardenbergia monophylla f. longiracemosa Siebert & Voss Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3, 1: 208 (1896)
Hardenbergia violacea f. alba Stearn J. Bot.78: 71 (1940)
Hardenbergia violacea f. rosea Stearn J. Bot.78: 71 (1940)
Hardenbergia alba R.T.Baker Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales25: 659 (1901)
Hardenbergia bimaculata var. cordata (Lindl.) Domin Biblioth. Bot.22(89): 220 (1926)
Hardenbergia bimaculata var. longiracemosa (Lodd.) Domin Biblioth. Bot.22(89): 220 (1926)
Hardenbergia bimaculata var. ovata (Sims) Domin Biblioth. Bot.22(89): 220 (1926)
Hardenbergia bimaculata var. trifoliata (F.Muell.) Domin Biblioth. Bot.22(89): 220 (1926)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. alba Guilf. Austral. Pl. Gard.: 205 (1911)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. dennisae Guilf. Austral. Pl. Gard.: 205 (1911)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. fruticosa Guilf. Austral. Pl. Gard.: 205 (1911)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. longiracemosa (Lodd.) F.M.Bailey Queensland Agric. J.15: 780 (1905)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. ovata (Sims) F.M.Bailey Syn. Queensl. Fl.: 114 (1883)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. rosea Schenk & Rauch Index Seminum (WB, Wirceburgensis)1861: 8 (1862)
Hardenbergia monophylla var. stjohnii Guilf. Austral. Pl. Gard.: 205 (1911)
Hardenbergia ovata var. rosea Van Houtte Ann. Gén. Hort.19: 171 (1874)
Kennedia monophylla var. alba (R.T.Baker) Maiden & Betche Census N.S.W. Pl.: 110 (1916)
Kennedia monophylla var. bimaculata (Curtis) Heynh. Alph. Aufz. Gew.: 333 (1846)
Kennedia monophylla var. longiracemosa Lindl. Edwards's Bot. Reg.16: t. 1336 (1830)
Caulinia monophylla var. trifoliolata F.Muell. Fragm.7: 128 (1871)
Kennedia bimaculata (Curtis) Niven Bot. Gard., ed. 3, 5: 210 (1878)
Kennedia latifolia Lindl. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 844 (1840)
Hardenbergia monophylla f. rosea Voss Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 208 (1894)
Hardenbergia bimaculata var. typica Domin Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 220 (1926)
Glycine bimaculata Moench Suppl. Meth. : 46 (1802)
Glycine monophylla (Vent.) J.Parm. Cat. Pl. Enghien : 37 (1818)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English coral-pea
Chinese 紫一叶豆
Chinese 紫哈登柏豆
Chinese 蔓丁香

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.
Requires Scarification: Scarification involves physically breaking, scratching, or softening the seed coat to allow water absorption and germination to occur. This can be done by nicking the seed coat with a knife or rubbing the seeds between sheets of sandpaper.
Requires Soaking: These seeds need to be soaked in warm water until they swell, which can take 24-48 hours. Seeds that float are usually not viable and should be discarded, along with the soaking water.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Australasia
    • Australia
      • New South Wales
      • Queensland
      • South Australia
      • Tasmania
      • Victoria

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000185032
USDA Plants HAVI9
Tropicos 13060506
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:497362-1
The Plant List ild-31161
PFAF Hardenbergia violacea
Open Tree Of Life 131682
NCBI Taxonomy 53885
IPNI 497362-1
iNaturalist 210184
GBIF 2948698
Freebase /m/03hkx5k
EPPO HDBVI
EOL 643200
USDA GRIN 18248
Wikipedia Hardenbergia_violacea
CMAUP NPO27916

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Deciphering the Plastomic Code of Chinese Hog-Peanut (Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth., Leguminosae): Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Insights within the Phaseoleae Tribe Xiang YN, Wang XQ, Ding LL, Bai XY, Feng YQ, Qi ZC, Sun YT, Yan XL Genes (Basel) 11-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10815570
doi:10.3390/genes15010088
PMID:38254977
Which Plant Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Environment? Leotta L, Toscano S, Romano D Plants (Basel) 27-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10708222
doi:10.3390/plants12233985
PMID:38068621
A box on the river: The phylogenetics and phylogeography of Eucalyptus baueriana (Eucalyptus sect. Adnataria ser. Heterophloiae) Fahey PS, Udovicic F, Cantrill DJ, Bayly MJ PLoS One 17-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9671351
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276117
PMID:36395183
Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 4 Chen Q, Bakhshi M, Balci Y, Broders KD, Cheewangkoon R, Chen SF, Fan XL, Gramaje D, Halleen F, Jung MH, Jiang N, Jung T, Májek T, Marincowitz S, Milenković I, Mostert L, Nakashima C, Nurul Faziha I, Pan M, Raza M, Scanu B, Spies CF, Suhaizan L, Suzuki H, Tian CM, Tomšovský M, Úrbez-Torres JR, Wang W, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ, Yang Q, Yang X, Zare R, Zhao P, Groenewald JZ, Cai L, Crous PW Stud Mycol 02-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9365048
doi:10.3114/sim.2022.101.06
PMID:36059898
Divergent lineages in a semi‐arid mallee species, Eucalyptus behriana, correspond to a major geographic break in southeastern Australia Fahey PS, Fowler RM, McLay TG, Udovicic F, Cantrill DJ, Bayly MJ Ecol Evol 15-Dec-2020
PMCID:PMC7790638
doi:10.1002/ece3.7099
PMID:33437459
Illuminating type collections of nectriaceous fungi in Saccardo’s fungarium Forin N, Vizzini A, Nigris S, Ercole E, Voyron S, Girlanda M, Baldan B Persoonia 23-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC8375352
doi:10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.09
PMID:34456378
Germination and Seedling Growth of Water Primroses: A Cross Experiment between Two Invaded Ranges with Contrasting Climates Gillard M, Grewell BJ, Futrell CJ, Deleu C, Thiébaut G Front Plant Sci 26-Sep-2017
PMCID:PMC5623178
doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01677
PMID:29018472
Habitat type and dispersal mode underlie the capacity for plant migration across an intermittent seaway Worth JR, Holland BR, Beeton NJ, Schönfeld B, Rossetto M, Vaillancourt RE, Jordan GJ Ann Bot 27-Jul-2017
PMCID:PMC5737502
doi:10.1093/aob/mcx086
PMID:28961707
Host Plants Affect the Foraging Success of Two Parasitoids that Attack Light Brown Apple Moth Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Feng Y, Wratten S, Sandhu H, Keller M PLoS One 20-Apr-2015
PMCID:PMC4404359
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124773
PMID:25893966
Effects of Introduced and Indigenous Viruses on Native Plants: Exploring Their Disease Causing Potential at the Agro-Ecological Interface Vincent SJ, Coutts BA, Jones RA PLoS One 12-Mar-2014
PMCID:PMC3951315
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091224
PMID:24621926
Papilionoid inflorescences revisited (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Prenner G Ann Bot 12-Dec-2012
PMCID:PMC3828940
doi:10.1093/aob/mcs258
PMID:23235698
Symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobial Mutualists Varies in Interactions with Native Australian Legume Genera Thrall PH, Laine AL, Broadhurst LM, Bagnall DJ, Brockwell J PLoS One 26-Aug-2011
PMCID:PMC3162553
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023545
PMID:21887270
European Origin of Bradyrhizobium Populations Infecting Lupins and Serradella in Soils of Western Australia and South Africa Stępkowski T, Moulin L, Krzyżańska A, McInnes A, Law IJ, Howieson J Appl Environ Microbiol 01-Nov-2005
PMCID:PMC1287703
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7041-7052.2005
PMID:16269740
Root Nodule Bradyrhizobium spp. Harbor tfdAα and cadA, Homologous with Genes Encoding 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid-Degrading Proteins Itoh K, Tashiro Y, Uobe K, Kamagata Y, Suyama K, Yamamoto H Appl Environ Microbiol 01-Apr-2004
PMCID:PMC383140
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.4.2110-2118.2004
PMID:15066803
Permeabilization of Fungal Membranes by Plant Defensins Inhibits Fungal Growth Thevissen K, Terras FR, Broekaert WF Appl Environ Microbiol 01-Dec-1999
PMCID:PMC91743
doi:10.1128/aem.65.12.5451-5458.1999
PMID:10584003

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids
methyl (1R,2S,6R)-3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-phenylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate 24864449 Click to see 298.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(6-hydroxy-4-methoxy-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-[(1R,2S,6R)-3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-phenylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]methanone 24864268 Click to see 430.50 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2R)-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)chromen-8-yl]-[(1R,2S,6R)-3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-phenylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]methanone 101855692 Click to see 540.70 unknown via CMAUP database
[(2S)-7-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-8-yl][(1R,2S,6R)-3-methyl-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-6-phenyl-3-cyclohexenyl]methanone 101855694 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C3C(=C(C=C2O)OC)C=CC(O3)(C)CCC=C(C)C)C4=CC=CC=C4 540.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / 2,2-dimethyl-1-benzopyrans
Panduratin E 24864269 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C3C(=C(C=C2O)OC)C=CC(O3)(C)C)C4=CC=CC=C4 472.60 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids
(-)-Nicolaioidesin B 637029 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O)OC)O 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(1'R,2'S,6'R)-2-Hydroxyisopanduratin A 23656472 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O)O)O 392.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-[(1R,2S,6R)-3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-phenylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]methanone 44444916 Click to see 420.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-[(1S,2R,6S)-3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-phenylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]methanone 25023021 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2O)OC)O)C3=CC=CC=C3 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
4-hydroxypanduratin A 636530 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3 392.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Isopanduratin A 10069916 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2OC)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Isopanduratin A1 44444913 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3OC)O)O 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Panduratin A 6483648 Click to see 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Panduratin C 6483647 Click to see CC1=CCC(C(C1CC=C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2OC)O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O 422.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / 6-prenylated flavans / 6-prenylated flavanones
(2S)-6-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 44444915 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=C(C=C1O)OC(CC2=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)O)C)C 392.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-6-Geranylpinostrobin 44444914 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)CC(O2)C3=CC=CC=C3)OC)C)C 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / 8-prenylated flavans / 8-prenylated flavanones
(2R)-8-geranylpinostrobin 23656470 Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C=C(C2=C1OC(CC2=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)O)OC)C)C 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Pinocembrin 68071 Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3 256.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 5-O-methylated flavonoids
5-O-Methylnaringenin 182315 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1C(=O)CC(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O 286.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Alpinetin 154279 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1C(=O)CC(O2)C3=CC=CC=C3)O 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
(-)-Pinostrobin 73201 Click to see 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
(2R)-5,7-Dimethoxyflavanone 689012 Click to see 284.31 unknown via CMAUP database
(2S)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one 689011 Click to see 284.31 unknown via CMAUP database
3,5,7,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone 631095 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone 5748697 Click to see 298.29 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone 5281601 Click to see 298.29 unknown via CMAUP database
5,7-Dimethoxyflavone 88881 Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC=CC=C3 282.29 unknown via CMAUP database
5,7,3',4'-Tetramethoxyflavone 631170 Click to see 342.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Apigenin trimethyl ether 79730 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C=C3OC)OC 312.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Galangin 3,5,7-trimethyl ether 117900 Click to see 312.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Kaempferol 3,7,4'-trimethyl ether 5468749 Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)OC 328.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Pentamethylquercetin 97332 Click to see 372.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Pinostrobin 6950539 Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=O)CC(OC2=C1)C3=CC=CC=C3)O 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Retusin 5352005 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC)O)OC)OC 358.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Sakuranetin 73571 Click to see 286.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Tectochrysin 5281954 Click to see 268.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Kavalactones
7,8-Dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain 160673 Click to see 230.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Demethoxyyangonin 5273621 Click to see COC1=CC(=O)OC(=C1)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2 228.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxy-dihydrochalcones
4,2',4'-Trihydroxy-6'-methoxydihydrochalcone 42607705 Click to see 288.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Phloretin 4788 Click to see 274.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
(E)-1-[(1R,4S,13R)-9-hydroxy-1,5,5-trimethyl-6,15-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.1.04,13.07,12]pentadeca-7,9,11-trien-8-yl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 101306880 Click to see 390.50 unknown via CMAUP database
3-Phenyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one 460718 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2O)O)O 256.25 unknown via CMAUP database
Cardamonin 641785 Click to see 270.28 unknown via CMAUP database
Flavokawain C 6293081 Click to see 300.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Helichrysetin 6253344 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1C(=O)C=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)O)O 286.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 3-prenylated chalcones
(E)-1-[3-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 23656471 Click to see 406.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes
Geranyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-phenethylbenzoate 23656469 Click to see 394.50 unknown via CMAUP database

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