Lupinus mutabilis
Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fdf02b767d455599519 |
| Scientific name | Lupinus mutabilis |
| Authority | Sweet |
| First published in | Brit. Fl. Gard.2: t. 130 (1826) |
Description Top
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Lupinus mutabilis is a species of lupin grown in the Andes, mainly for its edible bean. It is known by many vernacular names, including tarwi, chocho, altramuz, Andean lupin, South American lupin, Peruvian field lupin, and pearl lupin. It is high in protein and fat, and its nutrient-rich seeds are a good source for cooking oil. It has been used as a food by Andean people since ancient times, but its bitter taste has made it relatively unknown outside the Andes. However, modern technology makes it easier to remove the bitter alkaloids, and it is expanding in use as a plant-based protein source. It is an annual plant that can withstand drought and frost, and is grown at altitudes from 800 to 3,000 metres. It is sown with unselected or selected seeds, and can be used in crop rotation with potatoes and cereals. It is resistant to disease, but breeding goals aim for a low alkaloid content.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lupinus mutabilis var. mutabilis | Sweet | |
| Lupinus cruckshanksii | Hook. | Bot. Mag.58: t. 3056 (1831) |
| Lupinus mutabilis var. roseus | Vargas in C.P.Sm. | Spec. Lupinorum: 588 (1948) |
| Lupinus mutabilis var. cruckshanksii | (Hook.) D.Don in Sweet | R.Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard.6: t. 203 (1833) |
| Lupinus mutabilis f. cruckshanksii | (Hook.) Voss | Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3, 1: 196 (1896) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | tarwi |
| Spanish | tarhui |
| Spanish | tarwi |
| Arabic | ترمس طفري |
| ay | tarwi |
| German | andenlupine |
| German | chochos |
| German | anden-lupine |
| Esperanto | andena lupeno |
| Estonian | muutlik lupiin |
| Finnish | tuoksulupiini |
| French | tarwi |
| French | lupin changeant |
| French | lupin andin |
| French | chocho |
| Icelandic | andeslúpína |
| Japanese | ザッショクノボリフジ |
| Lithuanian | andinis lubinas |
| Polish | Łubin zmienny |
| Polish | Łubin indyjski |
| Quechua | tarwi |
| Quechua | tawri |
| Chinese | 南美羽扇豆 |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
No distribution data was extracted from POWO/KEW yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000213497 |
| USDA Plants | LUMU8 |
| Tropicos | 13037060 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:504808-1 |
| The Plant List | ild-8563 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 324961 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 53232 |
| IPNI | 504809-1 |
| iNaturalist | 447603 |
| GBIF | 2964711 |
| Freebase | /m/06lbsf |
| EPPO | LUPMU |
| EOL | 703671 |
| Elurikkus | 5580 |
| US Library of Congress | sh94000095 |
| USDA GRIN | 22844 |
| Wikipedia | Lupinus_mutabilis |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Lupin alkaloids / Anagyrine-type alkaloids | |||||
| (+)-Thermopsine | 682648 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3=CC=CC4=O | 244.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| Anagyrin | 71056954 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3=CC=CC4=O | 244.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Lupin alkaloids / Sparteine, lupanine, and related alkaloids | |||||
| (1R,2R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one | 163184988 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4=O | 248.36 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| (1R,2R,9R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one | 6575009 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4=O | 248.36 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| (1R,2R,9S,10R)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadecan-6-one | 92143189 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4=O | 248.36 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-7158.1998.TB04013.X |
| 13alpha-Hydroxyspartein-2-one | 5459919 | Click to see C1CC2C3CC(CN2C(=O)C1)C4CC(CCN4C3)O | 264.36 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-7158.1998.TB04013.X https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| 17-Oxolupanine | 14139904 | Click to see C1CCN2C(C1)C3CC(C2=O)C4CCCC(=O)N4C3 | 262.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| 4-Hydroxylupanine | 6427216 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4O | 250.38 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| 6-Phosphogluconic acid tri(cyclohexylammonium) salt, Grade V | 16212687 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4 | 234.38 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-7158.1998.TB04013.X |
| alpha-Isolupanine | 119201 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4=O | 248.36 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-7158.1998.TB04013.X |
| Sparteine | 644020 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CCCC4 | 234.38 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-7158.1998.TB04013.X https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Oligosaccharides | |||||
| Gal(a1-6)D-Ido(a1-6)Glc(a1-2b)Psif | 132990894 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC4(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 666.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1575(88)90035-X |
| Raffinose | 439242 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 504.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1575(88)90035-X |
| Stachyose | 439531 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC4(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 666.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1575(88)90035-X |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyridines and derivatives / Hydropyridines / Tetrahydropyridines | |||||
| Ammodendrine | 442625 | Click to see CC(=O)N1CCCC(=C1)C2CCCCN2 | 208.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolizidines | |||||
| (1S,2R,9R,10S)-7,15-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.010,15]heptadec-5-en-4-one | 162886558 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CC(=O)C=C4 | 246.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| Multiflorine | 6918763 | Click to see C1CCN2CC3CC(C2C1)CN4C3CC(=O)C=C4 | 246.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolizidines / Quinolizidinones | |||||
| (2R,10S)-10-prop-2-enyl-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]tridecan-6-one | 102004777 | Click to see C=CCC1C2CC(CN1)C3CCCC(=O)N3C2 | 234.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| 1,5-Methano-8H-pyrido(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocin-8-one, decahydro-4-(2-propenyl)-, (1S-(1alpha,4alpha,5alpha,11aalpha))- | 3080564 | Click to see C=CCC1C2CC(CN1)C3CCCC(=O)N3C2 | 234.34 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| Tetrahydrorhombifoline | 15511175 | Click to see C=CCCN1CC2CC(C1)C3CCCC(=O)N3C2 | 248.36 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF00119A003 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives | |||||
| 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-4-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 132274946 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O | 624.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1575(88)90035-X |
| Verbascoside | 5281800 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC(=O)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)CO)OCCC4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O)O)O | 624.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1575(88)90035-X |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| 5-hydroxy-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 163049564 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC(=C1)C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 446.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF980386L |
| 5-hydroxy-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 100954757 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC(=C1)C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 446.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF980386L |
| 5-Hydroxy-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 163049563 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC(=C1)C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 446.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF980386L |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-O-methylisoflavones | |||||
| 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 9882262 | Click to see COC1=CC=CC(=C1)C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O | 284.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF980386L |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |