Armeria maritima in Genus Armeria

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID64400ac506c41424447843
Scientific name	Armeria maritima
Authority	(Mill.) Willd.
First published in	Enum. Pl. : 333 (1809)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

Write a new one!

No ethnobotanical data added yet. Help us by writing one.

General Uses Top

Suggest a correction!

Common products:
Armeria maritima is cultivated primarily as an ornamental perennial. Commercially it is sold as potted plants, seed mixes, and as a cut‑flower crop for small arrangements. The species is employed in landscape design for rock gardens, coastal plantings, drought‑tolerant borders, and ground‑cover in low‑maintenance public and private spaces. Its compact rosette habit, prolonged flowering period, and salt tolerance make it a popular choice for xeriscaping and restoration projects on saline or nutrient‑poor soils. Catalogues from major horticultural suppliers list both seed and potted specimens, indicating an established market for this plant.

Properties relevant to use:
Research on A. maritima documents its ability to survive and reproduce under high soil salinity (up to 200–300 mM NaCl) and prolonged drought, traits attributed to osmotic adjustment, compatible‑solute accumulation, and a waxy leaf cuticle that reduces water loss. The plant exhibits moderate phenolic content, including flavonoids and anthocyanins that give the flower heads their pink to magenta coloration. Its flowering stalks reach 20–40 cm, enabling its use as a cut flower, while the basal rosette remains compact (10–20 cm). These physiological and morphological attributes underpin its ornamental value and also render the species a useful model for studies of halophyte physiology and stress‑responsive gene expression.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Commercial production of A. maritima is almost entirely from cultivated stock; seeds are harvested from controlled breeding plots rather than wild populations, limiting impact on natural habitats. Propagation by seed or division requires minimal inputs—low water, no fertiliser, and limited pesticide use—making the crop environmentally low‑impact. The plant’s tolerance to poor, saline soils enables its inclusion in low‑maintenance, sustainable landscaping schemes where native or locally adapted species are preferred. Horticultural certification programmes (e.g., organic seed standards in the EU) are applied to seed batches, ensuring traceability and responsible sourcing. Because it thrives in marginal sites, A. maritima can reduce the need for supplemental irrigation and soil amendment in coastal or arid‑zone developments, supporting broader biodiversity and resource‑conservation goals.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Statice armeria	L.	Sp. Pl. : 274 (1753)
Statice maritima	Mill.	Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 3 (1768)
Armeria armeria	H.Karst.	Deut. Fl. (Karsten), ed. 2 2: 489. 1894
Armeria campestris	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 203 (1844)
Armeria campestris var. linkii	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 204 1844
Armeria duriuscula	Bab.	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. , ser. 2, 3: 436 (1849)
Armeria elongata var. maritima	(Mill.) Skottsb.	Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. , n.s., 56(5): 286 (1916)
Armeria expansa	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 197 (1844)
Armeria intermedia	Link ex Boiss.	Prodr. 12: 681 (1848)
Armeria maritima var. alpinifolia	(Pau & Font Quer) G.H.M.Lawr.	Gentes Herb. 4: 406 1940
Armeria maritima var. ambifaria	(Focke) G.H.M.Lawr.	Gentes Herb. 4: 405 1940
Armeria maritima subsp. anglica	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima subsp. belgica	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima var. duriuscula	(Bab.) Bab.	Man. Brit. Bot. , ed. 6: 281 (1867)
Armeria maritima subsp. gallica	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima subsp. germanica	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima var. hortensis	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima subsp. itala	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria maritima f. laucheana	Voss	Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 1: 617 1896
Armeria maritima var. maria	G.H.M.Lawr.	Gentes Herb. 4: 405 1940
Armeria maritima var. planifolia	(Syme) Bab.	Man. Brit. Bot. ed. 8: 295 1881
Armeria maritima var. pubescens	(Link) Bab.	Man. Brit. Bot. , ed. 6: 281 (1867)
Armeria maritima var. pubigera	(Boiss.) Bab.	Man. Brit. Bot. ed. 6: 681 1867
Armeria maritima var. sylvestris	Wallr.	Beitr. Bot. 2: 186 1844
Armeria miscella	Merino	Fl. Galicia 3: 584 (1909)
Armeria montana	G.Don ex Loudon	Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 114. 1830
Armeria planifolia	Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. : 616 (1881)
Armeria pubescens	Link	Repert. Nat. Cur. Berol. 1: 180 (1829)
Armeria pubescens	B.Heyne ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. 1: 133. 1840
Armeria pubigera var. scotica	Boiss.	Prodr. 12: 678 (1848)
Armeria rhenana	Gremli	Excursionsfl. Schweiz , ed. 4: 350 (1881)
Armeria vulgaris	Willd.	Enum. Pl. : 333 (1809)
Armeria vulgaris f. ambifaria	(Focke) W.F.Christ.	Bot. Arch. 31: 254 1931
Armeria vulgaris var. calaminaria	F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 40 1863
Armeria vulgaris var. eifeliaca	F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 40 1863
Armeria vulgaris var. halleri	(Wallr.) F.Petri	Gen. Armeriae : 40 (1863)
Armeria vulgaris var. intermedia	T.Marsson	Fl. Neu-Vorpommern : 379 (1869)
Armeria vulgaris subsp. intermedia	(T.Marsson) Nordh.	Norsk Fl. 499. 1940
Armeria vulgaris var. longiinvolucrata	F.Petri	Gen. Armeriae : 41 (1863)
Armeria vulgaris f. longiscapa	F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 40 1863
Armeria vulgaris subsp. maritima	(Mill.) F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 41 1863
Armeria vulgaris var. planifolia	Syme	Engl. Bot. ed. 3, 8: 158 1867
Armeria vulgaris var. pubescens	(Sowerby) F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 40 1863
Armeria vulgaris f. purpurea	T.Marsson	Fl. Neu-Vorpommern 379 1869
Armeria vulgaris var. rugica	F.Petri	Gen. Armeniae 40 1863
Statice armeria var. pubescens	Sowerby	Engl. Bot. t. 226 1795
Armeria vulgaris var. glabra	T.Marsson	Fl. Neu-Vorpommern : 379 (1869)
Armeria vulgaris var. maritima	(Mill.) T.Marsson	Fl. Neu-Vorpommern : 379 (1869)
Armeria vulgaris var. alba	L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 395 (1914)
Armeria vulgaris var. splendens	L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 395 (1914)
Armeria vulgaris var. laucheana	L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 395 (1914)
Armeria vulgaris var. grandiflora	L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 395 (1914)
Armeria elongata	W.D.J.Koch	Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 2: 487 (1826)
Androsace macloviana	Cham.
Taxanthema armeria	Neck.	Elem. Bot. 1: 115. 1790
Statice pubescens	(Sowerby) Druce	Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 6(3): 504. 1922
Statice pulchella	Gray	Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 296. 1821
Statice capitata	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 3: 63. 1779
Statice linearifolia	Laterr.	Fl. Bordel., ed. 2: 189. 1821
Armeria maritima subsp. elegans	(Bernis) Malag.	in Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 1: 23. 1968 ["1969"]
Armeria maritima subsp. eifeliaca	(Petri) Lefebvre	in New Phytol. 73(1): 210. 1974
Armeria maritima subvar. elegans	Bernis	in Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 14: 347. 1957
Statice armeria var. minor	Dumort.	Fl. Belg.: 27. 1827
Armeria vulgaris var. palatina	F.Petri	Gen. Armeriae: 39. 1863
Statice armeria var. hortensis	Gaudin	Fl. Helv. 2: 454. 1828
Statice armeria var. rubra	(L.H.Bailey) F.T.Hubb.	in Rhodora 18(211): 157. 1916
Statice armeria var. grandiflora	(L.H.Bailey) F.T.Hubb.	in Rhodora 18(211): 157. 1916
Armeria maritima var. scotica	(Boiss.) P.D.Sell	Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687. 2018
Statice armeria var. mixta	Dumort.	Fl. Belg.: 27. 1827
Armeria vulgaris var. maritima	Rosenv.	Meddel. Gronland 3: 683. 1891
Statice armeria var. maritima	(Mill.) Wahlenb.	Fl. Suec. 1: 191. 1824
Statice armeria var. caudiculata	Dumort.	Fl. Belg.: 27. 1827
Statice armeria var. arenaria	Dumort.	Fl. Belg.: 27. 1827
Armeria maritima var. linkii	Gren & Godr.	Fl. France 2: 733. 1853
Statice armeria var. alba	(L.H.Bailey) F.T.Hubb.	in Rhodora 18(211): 156. 1916
Armeria maritima var. scotica	(Boiss.) Bab.	Man. Brit. Bot., ed. 6, 281. 1867
Statice armeria var. splendens	(L.H.Bailey) F.T.Hubb.	in Rhodora 18(211): 157. 1916
Armeria vulgaris var. rubra	hort. ex L.H.Bailey	Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 395. 1914
Statice armeria var. purpurea	(L.H.Bailey) F.T.Hubb.	in Rhodora 18(211): 157. 1916

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	madeira sea pink
English	thrift seapink
English	thrift
English	sea pink
English	sea thrift
English	marsh daisy
English	sea cushion
Spanish	clavelina de mar
Spanish	cesped frances
Spanish	cesped francés
Spanish	césped francés
Spanish	clavel de playas
Spanish	estatice-erizo
Arabic	العود الأحمر
Arabic	عود أحمر
Belarusian	барадульнік
Belarusian	жудрэц
Catalan	gasó alpí
Czech	trávnička přímořská
Welsh	clustog fair
Danish	almindelig engelskgræs
Danish	engelskgræs
German	gemeine grasnelke
German	sand-grasnelke
German	strand-grasnelke
German	gewöhnliche grasnelke
Estonian	roosa merikann
Basque	itsas krabelin
Persian	آرمریا ماریتیما
Finnish	laukkaneilikka
Finnish	rusolaukkaneilikka
French	Œillet marin
French	gazon dolympe
French	armerie maritime
French	armérie maritime
French	gazon d'olympe
frr	hongerkral
Irish	caoróg mhara
Irish	nóinín cladaigh
Irish	rabhán mara
Irish	rabhán
Galician	herba de namorar
Galician	herba empreñadeira
Croatian	primorska babosvilka
Upper Sorbian	suchi nalik
Upper Sorbian	wšědna dychnička
Hungarian	magas istác
Igbo	marsh daisy
Igbo	sea cushion
Igbo	sea pink
Igbo	sea thrift
Icelandic	geldingahnappur
Japanese	ハマカンザシ
Japanese	アルメリア
Korean	아르메리아
Cornish	bryton
Cornish	tamm on
Cornish	brytonen
Lithuanian	pajūrinė gvaizdė
Norwegian Bokmål	fjærekollen
Norwegian Bokmål	strandnellik
Norwegian Bokmål	fjørekoll
Norwegian Bokmål	fjærkollen
Norwegian Bokmål	fjærekoll
Dutch	engels gras
Norwegian Nynorsk	statice armeria
Norwegian Nynorsk	strandnellik
Norwegian Nynorsk	fjørekoll
Polish	zawciąg pospolity
Romanian	Limba peștelui
Russian	Армерия морская
Russian	Армерия приморская
Slovak	trávnička prímorská
Slovenian	navadni pečnik
Slovenian	obmorski pečnik
Swedish	gräsnejlika
Swedish	backtrift
Swedish	fjälltrift
Swedish	islandstrift
Swedish	mellantrift
Swedish	strandtrift
Swedish	trift
Ukrainian	Армерія покутська
Chinese	海石竹

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Armeria maritima subsp. barcensis	(Simonk.) P.Silva	Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 376 (1971)
Armeria maritima subsp. californica	(Boiss.) A.E.Porsild	Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 135: 174 (1955)
Armeria maritima subsp. elongata	(Hoffm.) Bonnier	Fl. Ill. France 9: 54 (1927)
Armeria maritima subsp. interior	(Raup) A.E.Porsild	Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 135: 172 (1955)
Armeria maritima subsp. purpurea	(W.D.J.Koch) Á.Löve & D.Löve	Bot. Not. 114: 54 1961
Armeria maritima subsp. sibirica	(Turcz. ex Boiss.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. : 616 (1881)
Armeria maritima subsp. azorica	Franco	Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 563. 1984
Armeria maritima subsp. depilata	(Bernis) Malag.	in Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 1: 23. 1968 ["1969"]
Armeria maritima subsp. fontqueri
Armeria maritima subsp. juniperifolia	(Bernis) Malag.	in Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 1: 23. 1968 ["1969"]
Armeria maritima subsp. maritima	(Mill.) Willd.
Armeria maritima subsp. miscella	(Merino) Malag.	in Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 1: 23. 1968 ["1969"]
Armeria maritima subsp. planifolia	(Syme) Á.Löve & D.Löve	Bot. Not. 114(1): 54 (1961)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Requires Darkness: These seeds need to be covered with soil or otherwise kept in the dark to germinate properly. Light inhibits their germination process.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Azores

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia
- Russian Far East
  - Kamchatka
  - Khabarovsk
  - Kuril Islands
  - Magadan
  - Sakhalin
- Siberia
  - Buryatiya
  - Krasnoyarsk
  - West Siberia
  - Yakutskiya

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - North European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Føroyar
  - Great Britain
  - Iceland
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Labrador
  - Newfoundland
  - Ontario
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado
  - Oregon
  - Washington
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California
- Subarctic America
  - Alaska
  - Aleutian Islands
  - Greenland
  - Northwest Territorie
  - Nunavut
  - Yukon
- Western Canada
  - British Columbia
  - Manitoba
  - Saskatchewan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000549005
UNII	1021I42L1E
Canadensys	7352
USDA Plants	ARMA6
Tropicos	25400032
INPN	83832
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:19793-2
The Plant List	kew-2652527
Plantarium	3731
Missouri Botanical Garden	285144
PaleoBotany	25360
Open Tree Of Life	268428
Observations.org	2354
NCBI Taxonomy	71835
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0021060385
Nature Serve	2.129104
IPNI	19793-2
iNaturalist	60476
iNaturalist	129099
GBIF	8930531
Freebase	/m/094m91
EPPO	ARVMA
EOL	585577
Elurikkus	2890
Calflora (Californian flora)	9695
USDA GRIN	4226
Wikipedia	Armeria_maritima
PFAF	Armeria maritima

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

The Greuter Herbarium in Palermo: An Inventory of Its Type Specimens Available Online, with Some Thoughts on Type Terminology (Occasional Papers from the Herbarium Greuter, N° 5)

Greuter W

Plants (Basel)

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11053905
doi:	10.3390/plants13081086
PMID:	38674494

Deep learning-based detection of indicator species for monitoring biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands

Basavegowda DH, Schleip I, Mosebach P, Weltzien C

Environ Sci Ecotechnol

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11066142
doi:	10.1016/j.ese.2024.100419
PMID:	38706811

Pb uptake, accumulation, and translocation in plants: Plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular response: A review

Ur Rahman S, Qin A, Zain M, Mushtaq Z, Mehmood F, Riaz L, Naveed S, Ansari MJ, Saeed M, Ahmad I, Shehzad M

Heliyon

07-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10945279
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27724
PMID:	38500979

Which Plant Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Environment?

Leotta L, Toscano S, Romano D

Plants (Basel)

27-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10708222
doi:	10.3390/plants12233985
PMID:	38068621

The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.)

Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ

PLoS One

04-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10602594
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:	37792900

eDNA Metabarcoding- and Microscopic Analysis for Diet Determination in Waterfowl, a Comparative Study in Vejlerne, Denmark

Svendsen AS, Nielsen LB, Schmidt JB, Bruhn D, Andersen LH, Pertoldi C

Biology (Basel)

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10525441
doi:	10.3390/biology12091272
PMID:	37759671

Epigenetic Control of Plant Response to Heavy Metals

Fasani E, Giannelli G, Varotto S, Visioli G, Bellin D, Furini A, DalCorso G

Plants (Basel)

07-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10537915
doi:	10.3390/plants12183195
PMID:	37765359

Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of a Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis.) P. Karst. Aqueous Ammonia Extract

Sánchez-Hernández E, Teixeira A, Pereira C, Cruz A, Martín-Gil J, Oliveira R, Martín-Ramos P

Plants (Basel)

11-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10305452
doi:	10.3390/plants12122271
PMID:	37375896

Investigation of the Copper Requirements of the Metallophyte Liverworts Cephaloziella nicholsonii Douin and C. massalongoi (Spruce) Müll.Frib

Campbell C, Kelly DL, Smyth N, Lockhart N, Holyoak DT, Long D

Plants (Basel)

09-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10300965
doi:	10.3390/plants12122265
PMID:	37375890

Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. Flower Hydromethanolic Extract for Cucurbitaceae Fungal Diseases Control

Sánchez-Hernández E, Martín-Ramos P, Navas-Gracia LM, Martín-Gil J, Garcés-Claver A, Flores-León A, González-García V

Molecules

26-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10180270
doi:	10.3390/molecules28093730
PMID:	37175142

Nuclear DNA Amounts in Chinese Bryophytes Estimated by Flow Cytometry: Variation Patterns and Biological Significances

Li D, Luo G, Guo S, Huang R, Yang J, Cao T, Yu J

Plants (Basel)

05-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10096954
doi:	10.3390/plants12071564
PMID:	37050190

Water Content of Plant Tissues: So Simple That Almost Forgotten?

Ievinsh G

Plants (Basel)

08-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10058729
doi:	10.3390/plants12061238
PMID:	36986926

Micro-Evolutionary Processes in Armeria maritima at Metalliferous Sites

Wierzbicka M, Abratowska A, Bemowska-Kałabun O, Panufnik-Mędrzycka D, Wąsowicz P, Wróbel M, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K

Int J Mol Sci

28-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10003435
doi:	10.3390/ijms24054650
PMID:	36902080

What Makes the Life of Stressed Plants a Little Easier? Defense Mechanisms against Adverse Conditions

Muszyńska E, Dziurka K, Labudda M

Plants (Basel)

24-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005685
doi:	10.3390/plants12051040
PMID:	36903901

Diaporthe species associated with the maritime grass Festuca rubra subsp. pruinosa

Toghueo RM, Vázquez de Aldana BR, Zabalgogeazcoa I

Front Microbiol

16-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9978114
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1105299
PMID:	36876098

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Amino acids and derivatives / Beta amino acids and derivatives
N-methyl-beta-alanine	75891	Click to see	103.12	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1399-3054.2000.100302.X
> Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Tetraalkylammonium salts
beta-Alanine betaine	441440	Click to see	131.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1399-3054.2000.100302.X
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid	689043	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)97456-7
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Isorhamnetin	5281654	Click to see	316.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)97456-7
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)97456-7
Myricetin	5281672	Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	318.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)97456-7
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)97456-7