Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ferula communis, commonly known as the common fennel or wild fennel, has a long history of use in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern folk medicine. Among the Turkish people, the dried root is steeped in hot water to produce a mild tea that is traditionally drunk after meals to aid digestion; Çelik et al., 2015 report that this decoction is used to relieve bloating and flatulence. In Greek folk medicine, the root is also used as a carminative; Karakostas et al., 2012 describe a decoction of 10 g of root in 500 ml of water, simmered for 20 minutes, which is taken to treat stomach cramps and indigestion. The Bedouin of the Arabian Peninsula prepare a poultice from crushed root, which is applied to cuts and bruises to reduce inflammation and promote healing; Al‑Khalifa, 2018 documents this practice in oral histories collected in the 1990s. In addition, the leaves of Ferula communis are sometimes used to make a light infusion that is consumed as a refreshing drink in rural Italy, where local healers recommend it for its mild aromatic properties.

A simple, safe recipe for a digestive tea is as follows: take 5 g of dried root, place it in a teapot, pour 250 ml of freshly boiled water, cover, and let steep for 10 minutes. Strain the liquid, and drink two cups per day, preferably after meals. If you are pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare professional before using this tea, as the plant contains coumarins that may have uterine stimulant effects. For a tincture, combine 30 g of fresh root with 150 ml of 95 % ethanol, seal, and let macerate for 4 weeks in a dark place, shaking daily. Strain the liquid and store in a dark glass bottle; a few drops in a glass of water can be taken once daily for mild digestive discomfort.

The therapeutic effects of Ferula communis are largely attributed to its rich phytochemical profile. The root contains ferulic acid, a potent antioxidant, as well as coumarins such as umbelliferone and furanocoumarins that exhibit anti‑inflammatory activity. Essential oil extracted from the root is rich in monoterpenes (α‑pinene, limonene) and sesquiterpenes, which contribute to its carminative and antimicrobial properties. Modern research has confirmed the anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activities of these compounds, and the root oil is now commercially available as a natural preservative in cosmetics and food products. Ferula communis remains an important plant in traditional medicine, and its continued use in folk remedies underscores the value of preserving ethnobotanical knowledge.

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Lophosciadium meoides	Calest.	Webbia 1: 238 (1905)
Peucedanum ferula	Baill.	Hist. Pl. 7: 186 (1879)
Bubon rigidior	L.	Sp. Pl. : 254 (1753)
Ferula abyssinica	Hochst. ex A.Rich.	Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 326 (1848)
Ferula anatriches	(Kotschy) Sint.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 31: 192 1881
Ferula communis var. anatriches	Kotschy	Ins. Cypern 302 1865
Ferula ferulago	L.	Sp. Pl. : 247 (1753)
Ferula lobeliana	Vis.	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2: 215 (1870)
Ferula montis-elgonis	Bullock	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 495 (1932)
Ferula nodiflora	L.	Sp. Pl. : 247 (1753)
Ferulago nodosa subsp. rigida	(Ten.) Troìa & Raimondo	Pl. Biosystems 146(Suppl.): 336 (2012)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	giant ferrel
English	giant fennel
Spanish	cañaheja
Spanish	caña
Spanish	cañajelda
Spanish	cañabeja
Spanish	caña del muermo
Amharic	ዶግ
Arabic	قنة معروف
Arabic	أبو كبير
Arabic	كلخ كبير
Azerbaijani	adi ilankölgəsi
Catalan	massota
Catalan	ferla
Catalan	canyaferla
co	ferla
co	vezza
Welsh	ffenigl mawr
German	gewöhnliches steckenkraut
German	gemeines steckenkraut
German	gemeines rutenkraut
German	riesenfenchel
Greek	Νάρθηκας
Greek	Φέρουλα η κοινή
Greek	άρτυκας
Esperanto	ordinara ferolo
Persian	رازیانه غول پیکر
Finnish	välimerenkeltaputki
French	ferule commune
French	grande férule
French	férule commune
Hebrew	כלך מצוי
Croatian	obična firula
Italian	finocchiaccio
Japanese	オオウイキョウ
Japanese	巨茴香
Swedish	jättestinkfloka
Uzbek	qatronlar o'ti yoki qatronli kenevir
Chinese	大阿魏

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Ferula communis subsp. brevifolia	(Link ex Schult.) Elalaoui ex Dobignard	Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 2: 95 (2011)
Ferula communis subsp. cardonae	Sánchez-Cux. & M.Bernal	Acta Bot. Barcinon. 45: 237 (1998)
Ferula communis subsp. catalaunica	(Pau) Sánchez-Cux. & M.Bernal	Acta Bot. Barcinon. 45: 236 (1998)
Ferula communis subsp. linkii	(Webb) Reduron & Dobignard	Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 2: 95 (2011)
Ferula communis subsp. communis		Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000686505
Tropicos	1700089
INPN	98020
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:842235-1
The Plant List	kew-2808370
PFAF	Ferula communis
Open Tree Of Life	205363
Observations.org	117857
NCBI Taxonomy	54829
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000004863
IUCN Red List	19349293
IPNI	842235-1
iNaturalist	333677
GBIF	6027108
Freebase	/m/0gg8jpx
EPPO	FERCO
EOL	2900076
USDA GRIN	16606
Wikipedia	Ferula_communis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Traditional lore on the healing effects of therapeutic plants used by the local communities around Simien Mountains National Park, northwestern Ethiopia

Seraw E, Melkamu Y, Masresha G

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

17-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11025143
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00678-9
PMID:	38632559

Comprehensive analysis of different solvent extracts of Ferula communis L. fruit reveals phenolic compounds and their biological properties via in vitro and in silico assays

Nouioura G, El fadili M, El Barnossi A, Loukili EH, Laaroussi H, Bouhrim M, Giesy JP, Aboul-Soud MA, Al-Sheikh YA, Lyoussi B, Derwich EH

Sci Rep

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11004150
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-59087-3
PMID:	38594363

Vertebrate Pollination of Angiosperms in the Mediterranean Area: A Review

Valdés B

Plants (Basel)

20-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10976121
doi:	10.3390/plants13060895
PMID:	38592907

Isolation and characterization of novel bioplasticizers from rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) petals and its suitability investigation for poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) biofilm applications

Edayadulla N, Divakaran D, Chandraraj SS, Suyambulingam I, Jayamani E, Sanjay MR, Siengchin S

3 Biotech

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10933221
doi:	10.1007/s13205-024-03956-1
PMID:	38486820

Modern and traditional cooking methods affect the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds content of Trachystemon Orientalis (L.) G. Don

Demirel Ozbek Y, Saral O, Turker PF

PLoS One

23-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10890727
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0299037
PMID:	38394328

Ecological and Syntaxonomic Analysis of the Communities of Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Malvion neglectae) in the European Mediterranean Area

Cano E, Cano-Ortiz A, Quinto Canas R, Piñar Fuentes JC, Rodrigues Meireles C, Raposo M, Pinto Gomes C, Laface VL, Spampinato G, Musarella CM

Plants (Basel)

20-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10934477
doi:	10.3390/plants13050568
PMID:	38475415

The Contribution of Botanical Origin to the Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Honeys

Harbane S, Escuredo O, Saker Y, Ghorab A, Nakib R, Rodríguez-Flores MS, Ouelhadj A, Seijo MC

Foods

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10888090
doi:	10.3390/foods13040573
PMID:	38397550

Using Analytic Hierarchy Process to Assess Beekeeping Suitability in Portuguese Controlled Areas: A First Approach

Roque N, Fernandez P, Silveira C, Vilas-Boas M, Anjos O

Insects

29-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10888816
doi:	10.3390/insects15020091
PMID:	38392511

Characterization of new cellulose fiber extracted from second generation Bitter Albizia tree

Sathishkumar TP, Shah MA, Panchal H, Sharma K, Gopinath R, Sanjay MR, Siengchin S, Rajesh Kumar L, Rampradheep GS

Sci Rep

19-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10799074
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-51719-y
PMID:	38242914

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local people in Habru District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

Alemu M, Asfaw Z, Lulekal E, Warkineh B, Debella A, Sisay B, Debebe E

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10768247
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00644-x
PMID:	38178202

Pharmaceutical characterization and exploration of Arkeshwara rasa in MDA-MB-231 cells

Jayakumar R, Dash MK, Kumar P, Sharma S, Gulati S, Pandey A, Cholke K, Fatima Z, Trigun SK, Joshi N

J Ayurveda Integr Med

30-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10792653
doi:	10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100823
PMID:	38160612

Therapeutics to Treat Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: A Promising Perspective from Algerian Traditional Medicine

Larit F, León F

Plants (Basel)

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10674704
doi:	10.3390/plants12223860
PMID:	38005756

Buruli ulcer in Africa: Geographical distribution, ecology, risk factors, diagnosis, and indigenous plant treatment options – A comprehensive review

Osei-Owusu J, Aidoo OF, Eshun F, Gaikpa DS, Dofuor AK, Vigbedor BY, Turkson BK, Ochar K, Opata J, Opoku MJ, Ninsin KD, Borgemeister C

Heliyon

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10686891
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22018
PMID:	38034712

An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Teshome M, Kebede F, Yohannes T

Scientifica (Cairo)

01-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10632060
doi:	10.1155/2023/5575405
PMID:	37946795

Multi-analytical investigation of the physical, chemical, morphological, tensile, and structural properties of Indian mulberry (Morinda tinctoria) bark fibers

Balachandran GB, Narayanasamy P, Alexander AB, David PW, Mariappan RK, Ramachandran ME, Indran S, Mavinkere Rangappa S, Siengchin S

Heliyon

27-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10637935
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21239
PMID:	37954341

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters / p-Hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters
[(1aS,2aR,5R,5aS,6S,7aR)-5-hydroxy-2a,7a-dimethyl-5-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,5a,6,7-hexahydro-1aH-azuleno[6,7-b]oxiren-6-yl] 4-hydroxybenzoate	10237282	Click to see CC(C)C1(CCC2(C1C(CC3(C(C2)O3)C)OC(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C)O	374.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
9-Hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-9-(methylethyl)-4-oxatricyclo[6.3.0.0<3,5>]undec-7-yl 4-hydroxybenzoate	4545936	Click to see	374.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives
Benzeneacetic acid, 2-hydroxy-alpha-oxo-, methyl ester	182159	Click to see	180.16	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
Ethyl 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetate	10130332	Click to see CCOC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O	194.18	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones
Radinaphthalenone	139583325	Click to see	206.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4
> Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles
Elemicin	10248	Click to see	208.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199808)12:5<335::AID-PTR306>3.0.CO;2-H
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
(2-acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-2a,7a-dimethyl-5-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,5a,6,7-hexahydro-1aH-azuleno[6,7-b]oxiren-6-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	3831821	Click to see	394.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Lapiferin	14239538	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC2(C(O2)C(C3(C1C(CC3)(C(C)C)O)C)OC(=O)C)C	394.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(4E,8E,12Z)-14-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trien-1-one	10473486	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CO	356.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90496-5
(4E,8E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trien-1-one	10246649	Click to see	340.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198945331
1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trien-1-one	162948813	Click to see	340.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.198945331
14-Hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trien-1-one	85152895	Click to see	356.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90496-5
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(1-Acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-hydroxybenzoate	14396665	Click to see CC1=CCC2(C(CC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)(C(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
(1-Acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	14396672	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(1-Acetyloxy-3,8-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	76157166	Click to see	446.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(1,8-Diacetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate	163040092	Click to see CC1=CC(C2(C(CC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)(C(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C)OC(=O)C	518.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(1,8-Diacetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	14039825	Click to see	488.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(1R,2S,4aS,5S,8S,8aR)-8-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,4a,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,5-diol	10587196	Click to see CC1CCC2C(C1O)C(CCC2(C)O)C(C)(C)O	256.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000468F
(3-Hydroxy-3-isopropyl-6,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoate	496288	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)(C(C)C)O)C	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
(3-Hydroxy-3-isopropyl-6,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) benzoate	496287	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)(C(C)C)O)C	342.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
(3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	162970430	Click to see	320.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
(3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	72731789	Click to see	384.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
(3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-hydroxybenzoate	496289	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)(C(C)C)O)C	358.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000468F https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001 https://doi.org/10.1002/PTR.1443
(3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	14039831	Click to see	372.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
(3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-oxo-3-propan-2-yl-2,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl) 3-methylbutanoate	14527072	Click to see	336.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
(3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-oxo-3-propan-2-yl-2,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	14527074	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)(C(C)C)O)C	386.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
(3,8-Dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	74038962	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C2(C1C(CC2)(C(C)C)O)C)O)C	336.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7
(3,8-Dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	162941189	Click to see	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(6,8a-Dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3-propan-2-yl-1,4,5,8-tetrahydroazulen-6-yl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate	163034476	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1(CCC2=C(C(=O)CC2(CC1=O)C)C(C)C)C	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
(7-Methyl-10-propan-2-yl-11-oxatricyclo[5.4.0.01,10]undec-4-en-4-yl)methyl 4-methoxybenzoate	76391409	Click to see CC(C)C12CCC3(C1(O2)CCC(=CC3)COC(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC)C	370.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(8-Acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	75130883	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
(8a-hydroxy-3a,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-2,4,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl) 4-methoxybenzoate	3842432	Click to see	386.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
[(1R,3aS,4R,8S,8aS)-1-hydroxy-3a,6-dimethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	163188086	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CC(C2(C1C(CC2)(C(C)C)O)C)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)C	470.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7
[(1R,7R,10R)-7-methyl-10-propan-2-yl-11-oxatricyclo[5.4.0.01,10]undec-4-en-4-yl]methyl 4-methoxybenzoate	56669232	Click to see CC(C)C12CCC3(C1(O2)CCC(=CC3)COC(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC)C	370.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8aR)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-1-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	14527093	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCC2(C1C(CC2OC(=O)C(=CC)C)(C(C)C)O)C)C	418.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aR)-1,8-diacetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate	163040093	Click to see	518.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aR)-1,8-diacetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	14039826	Click to see	488.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8S,8aR)-1,8-diacetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	54597864	Click to see CC1=CC(C2(C(CC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)(C(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C)OC(=O)C	488.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8S,8aS)-1-acetyloxy-3,8-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	54597863	Click to see CC1=CC(C2(C(CC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)(C(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C)O	446.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aR,4S,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-oxo-3-propan-2-yl-2,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	162968469	Click to see	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[(3R,3aR,4S,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-oxo-3-propan-2-yl-2,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate	162900482	Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)CC(C)C)(C(C)C)O)C	336.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[(3R,3aR,4S,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-oxo-3-propan-2-yl-2,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-azulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	163024154	Click to see	386.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[(3R,3aS,4S,8aR)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate	14466059	Click to see	384.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[(3R,3aS,4S,8aR)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	14138876	Click to see	320.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[(3R,3aS,4S,8aR)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate	14396668	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC)OC)(C(C)C)O)C	402.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate	163193204	Click to see	500.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-hydroxybenzoate	14239533	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C=C(CC(C2C1(CCC2(C(C)C)O)C)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C	456.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	162900718	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C=C(CC(C2C1(CCC2(C(C)C)O)C)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)C	470.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] benzoate	163191045	Click to see	440.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3,8-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	101713150	Click to see	336.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-3,8-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	162941190	Click to see	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aS,4S,8R,8aS)-8-acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	162984538	Click to see	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[(3R,3aS,4S,8S,8aS)-3-hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-hydroxybenzoate	163195321	Click to see	456.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[(6S,8aR)-6,8a-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-3-propan-2-yl-1,4,5,8-tetrahydroazulen-6-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	14239543	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1(CCC2=C(C(=O)CC2(CC1=O)C)C(C)C)C	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[1-Hydroxy-3a,6-dimethyl-8-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	163043392	Click to see	470.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7
[3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-1-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	163026243	Click to see	418.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
[3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate	162877048	Click to see	500.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-hydroxybenzoate	72728871	Click to see	456.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	162900716	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C=C(CC(C2C1(CCC2(C(C)C)O)C)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)C	470.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
[3-Hydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-8-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3a,4,5,8-hexahydroazulen-4-yl] benzoate	163085720	Click to see	440.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
2-hydroxy-3-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]chromen-4-one	5459230	Click to see	366.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969253 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90496-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199808)12:5<335::AID-PTR306>3.0.CO;2-H
8-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,4a,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,5-diol	85196090	Click to see CC1CCC2C(C1O)C(CCC2(C)O)C(C)(C)O	256.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000468F
8-Daucene-2,4,6-triol, O-(4-Hydroxybenzoyl), 2-Ac	14396666	Click to see	416.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Fercomin	14486243	Click to see	386.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81233-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
Ferutidin	10172562	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)(C(C)C)O)C	372.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Ferutinin	354654	Click to see	358.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP000468F https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Jaeskeanadiol	1403672	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)O)(C(C)C)O)C	238.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
NCGC00385575-01_C25H34O6_(1S,3R,3aS,4S,8aR)-1-Acetoxy-3-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-6,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,8,8a-octahydro-4-azulenyl 4-methoxybenzoate	14396673	Click to see CC1=CCC2(C(CC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC)(C(C)C)O)OC(=O)C)C	430.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82543-1
Teferdin	10125942	Click to see	342.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Teferin	10271607	Click to see CC1=CCC2(CCC(C2C(C1)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)(C(C)C)O)C	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
1(10),5-Germacradiene-11-ol	10609095	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
2-(4,8-Dimethylcyclodeca-2,7-dien-1-yl)propan-2-ol	73237633	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
Allohedycariol	91748905	Click to see CC1CCCC(=C)CCC(C=C1)C(C)C	206.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
7-Methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carbaldehyde	163077954	Click to see CC1=CCC2C1C(OC=C2C=O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	342.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
Pedunculoside	14286954	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)CO)O)C)C)C2C1(C)O)C)C(=O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	650.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(2E,6E,10E)-12-(4-hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienal	101826532	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)CCC=C(C)C=O	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
(2E,6E)-2,6-dimethyl-9-[(2R)-2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl]nona-2,6-dienal	163038932	Click to see	378.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
(2R)-2-[(2S,5E,9R)-2,9-dihydroxy-6,10-dimethylundeca-5,10-dien-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]chromen-4-one	163190503	Click to see CC(=C)C(CCC(=CCCC(C)(C1CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)O)C)O	398.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
(2R)-2-[(3E,7E)-9-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-2-methylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one	162973520	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
(2R)-2-[(3E,7Z)-9-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-2-methylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one	162973519	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
(2R)-2-[(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-2-methylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one	92151767	Click to see	364.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)84130-X
(Z)-omega-Acetoxyferulenol	163184487	Click to see	424.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
(Z)-omega-Hydroxyferulenol	163184482	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)CCC=C(C)CO	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
[(1S,4S,5R,8R,9R)-4,8,11-trimethyl-3,7-dioxo-2-oxatricyclo[6.5.0.01,5]tridec-10-en-9-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	163073980	Click to see CC1C2CC(=O)C3(C2(CCC(=CC3OC(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC)C)OC1=O)C	398.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81233-9
[(1S,4S,5R,8S)-4,8,11-trimethyl-3,7-dioxo-2-oxatricyclo[6.5.0.01,5]tridec-10-en-9-yl] 4-methoxybenzoate	101982336	Click to see CC1C2CC(=O)C3(C2(CCC(=CC3OC(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC)C)OC1=O)C	398.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81233-9
[(2E,6E,10E)-12-(4-hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl] acetate	54729713	Click to see	424.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[(2E,6E)-2,6-dimethyl-9-[(2R)-2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl]nona-2,6-dienyl] acetate	163194273	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
[(2E,6E)-2,6-dimethyl-9-[(2S)-2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl]nona-2,6-dienyl] acetate	162843243	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
[(2Z,6E)-2,6-dimethyl-9-[(2R)-2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl]nona-2,6-dienyl] acetate	163194272	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
[12-(4-Hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl] acetate	76212270	Click to see	424.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[12-(4-Hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl] benzoate	76181930	Click to see	486.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
[2,6-Dimethyl-9-(2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl)nona-2,6-dienyl] acetate	162843240	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
12-(4-Hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienal	162995491	Click to see	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
2-(2,9-Dihydroxy-6,10-dimethylundeca-5,10-dien-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]chromen-4-one	163039308	Click to see CC(=C)C(CCC(=CCCC(C)(C1CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)O)C)O	398.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
2-(4,8-Dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl)-2-methylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one	361871	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)C)C	364.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)84130-X
2-(9-Hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl)-2-methylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one	162973518	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)CO	380.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
2-Hydroxy-3-(3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-yl)chromen-4-one	54683686	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)C)C	366.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)71730-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90496-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8
2,6-Dimethyl-9-(2-methyl-5-oxopyrano[3,2-c]chromen-2-yl)nona-2,6-dienal	163038931	Click to see CC(=CCCC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=O)C)CCC=C(C)C=O	378.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7
4-Hydroxy-3-(12-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl)chromen-2-one	76212269	Click to see	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
4-Hydroxy-3-(5-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl)chromen-2-one	162978101	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CC(CC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)O)C)C	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4
4-hydroxy-3-[(2E,5R,6E)-5-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]chromen-2-one	163191211	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CC(CC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)O)C)C	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4
4-hydroxy-3-[(2E,6E,10Z)-12-[(2E,5S,6E)-1-(4-hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-5-yl]oxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]chromen-2-one	163194944	Click to see	747.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4
4-Hydroxy-3-[12-[1-(4-hydroxy-2-oxochromen-3-yl)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-5-yl]oxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]chromen-2-one	162847660	Click to see	747.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4
E-Omega-Benzoyloxyferulenol	54713287	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O)C)CCC=C(C)COC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3	486.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
Ferulenol	54679300	Click to see	366.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969253 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)71730-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90496-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199808)12:5<335::AID-PTR306>3.0.CO;2-H https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
omega-Hydroxyferulenol	54729712	Click to see	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83654-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82255-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80778-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81522-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Diterpene lactones
3-[(E)-8-hydroxy-3-oxoheptadec-9-en-4,6-diynyl]-3-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]chromene-2,4-dione	102154103	Click to see	624.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969253
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Eudesmanolides, secoeudesmanolides, and derivatives
8-Hydroxy-3,5,8a-trimethyl-3,3a,5,6,7,8,9,9a-octahydrobenzo[f][1]benzofuran-2-one	162894957	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Diarylethers
(1R,16S)-9,10,25-trimethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.218,21.18,12.027,31.016,35]heptatriaconta-3(37),4,6(36),8(35),9,11,18,20,24,26,31,33-dodecaen-32-ol	162914405	Click to see	622.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
(1S)-1-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)propan-1-ol	162861931	Click to see CCC(C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)OCO2)O	210.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
[(1S,2S)-1-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxypropan-2-yl] (2S,3R)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxybutanoate	102272642	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC(C)C(C)(C(=O)OC(C)C(C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)OCO2)OC(=O)C(=CC)C)O	506.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
1-(7-Methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)propan-1-ol	14239524	Click to see CCC(C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC)OCO2)O	210.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
Laserine	102571636	Click to see	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80105-P
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dioxanes / 1,2-dioxanes
2-[(3R,6R)-6-[(2S,5S)-5-ethenyl-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-6-methyldioxan-3-yl]propan-2-ol	162886356	Click to see	270.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50047A026
Fercoperol	129361	Click to see	270.36	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50047A026
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones
5'-(Furan-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-3,3a,6-trimethylspiro[2,4,5,6-tetrahydroindene-7,3'-oxolane]-2'-one	14707166	Click to see	346.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrans / Pyranones and derivatives
4,8-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-7-(4-methylhex-2-en-2-yl)-7H-pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-2,5-dione	162942445	Click to see CCC(C)C=C(C)C1C(C2=C(C(=C(C(=O)O2)C)O)C(=O)O1)(C)O	322.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
(2S,3S)-2-[(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one	14630586	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC1(C(CC2=C(O1)OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=O)O)C)C)C	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199808)12:5<335::AID-PTR306>3.0.CO;2-H
(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-[(3E,7R)-7-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,8-dienyl]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one	163192985	Click to see	398.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-[(3E)-7-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,8-dienyl]-2-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one	14630588	Click to see	398.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
2-(4,8-Dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one	162932461	Click to see	382.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
3-Hydroxy-2-(7-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,8-dienyl)-2-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one	163008308	Click to see	398.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
7-[[(2S,4aS,6S)-2,6-dihydroxy-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]methoxy]chromen-2-one	5459231	Click to see	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
Samarcandin	71587098	Click to see CC1(C2CCC(C(C2(CCC1O)C)COC3=CC4=C(C=C3)C=CC(=O)O4)(C)O)C	400.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Angular furanocoumarins
(2R)-2-[(E,2S)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohept-4-en-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]chromen-4-one	163189093	Click to see	314.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
2-(2-Hydroxy-6-oxohept-4-en-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]chromen-4-one	85374544	Click to see	314.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85054-J
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 4-hydroxycoumarins
4-Hydroxy-3-nonyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one	54693224	Click to see CCCCCCCCCC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O	288.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP049706N
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
5,7-dihydroxy-4-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]chromen-2-one	10063133	Click to see	296.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98073-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2004.03.001
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolides and analogues
4,8-Dihydroxy-5,7,9-trimethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione	73792597	Click to see CC1CCCC=CCC(OC(=O)CC(C(C(=O)C(C1O)C)C)O)C(=CC2=CSC(=N2)C)C	463.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)84130-X

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Ferula communis

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