Ferula ammoniacum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID6440626651ff9762947574 |
| Scientific name | Ferula ammoniacum |
| Authority | (D.Don) Spalik, M.Panahi, Piwczyński & Puchałka |
| First published in | Taxon 64: 780 (2015) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
The commercial product is the gum–resin (also called “ammoniaca” gum) harvested from Ferula ammoniacum roots. It is an oleo–gum–resin containing essential oil, water–soluble polysaccharides, and alcohol–soluble resin.
Industrial and craft applications:
The gum–resin is used as a binder and co–solvent in incense and perfumery compounding, and historically as an adhesive base in natural varnishes. Its alcohol solubility enables blending with ethanol or other resin–solvent systems; the polysaccharide fraction contributes to viscosity and film formation. It is also used as a natural fragrance material in oriental and amber fragrance bases, and as a fixative in minor perfumery applications.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Gum ammoniac is listed as a food–grade flavoring (nature‑identical/flavor) in flavor and fragrance databases. It functions as a flavor ingredient in confectionery, baked goods, and beverages when used at flavor levels; no culinary preparations are described. No seed oil or food starch applications are documented.
Colorants and tanning:
No verified use as a dye, ink, or tannin is reported for this taxon.
Wood and fiber:
No timber, pulp, or fiber applications are documented.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
The gum–resin and its essential oil are used as fragrance materials and fixatives in perfume bases; the alcohol solubility supports formulation. It is listed in fragrance safety and usage databases (IFRA/ISO 9235–type references). Cosmetic uses are restricted to perfumery; no other cosmetic ingredient applications are established.
Properties relevant to use:
The gum–resin contains essential oil (monoterpenes/terpenoids), ethanol‑soluble resin, and water‑soluble polysaccharides. These constituents yield alcohol solubility and bind/fix fragrance components, properties that underlie its use in incense, natural adhesives, and perfumery formulations.
Standards and regulation:
As a flavoring, the gum–resin is subject to regulatory flavor standards and maximum use levels in food contexts; as a fragrance material, it is covered by industry guidance and safety standards for fragrance materials (e.g., IFRA Standards) and may be subject to specific national registrations where applicable.
Sustainability and sourcing:
The gum–resin is wild‑harvested in parts of its native range, and supply can be variable. Quality, authentication, and potential adulteration are addressed through standards for gum–resins and essential oils (e.g., ISO/ASTM‑type methods) and regulatory requirements for flavor and fragrance ingredients.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Peucedanum ammoniacum | Baill. | Hist. Pl. 7: 186 (1879) |
| Diserneston gummiferum | Jaub. & Spach | Ill. Pl. Orient. 1: 78 (1842) |
| Diserneston hirsutum | Loftus | in Borcz. Ferul. 28. |
| Dorema ammoniacum | D.Don | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 16: 601 (1833) |
| Dorema gummiferum | (Jaub. & Spach) K.Korol. | Fl. URSS 17: 162 (1951) |
| Dorema hirsutum | Loft. | in Borcz. Ferul. 28. |
| Ferula ammonifera | Oken | Allg. Naturgesch. iii. (3) 1822 (1841); fide Merrill in Journ. Arn. Arb. xxxi.275 (1950). |
| Diserneston hirsutum | Lofius ex I.G.Borshch. | Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7 , 3(1): 28 (1860) |
| Dorema hirsutum | Lofius ex I.G.Borshch. | Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7 , 3(1): 28 (1860) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Arabic | فيرولا أمونياكوم |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Middle Asia
- Turkmenistan
-
Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Iran
-
Middle Asia
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Pakistan
-
Indian Subcontinent
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001344667 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77152156-1 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 773709 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 460607 |
| IPNI | 77152156-1 |
| GBIF | 8628529 |
| Wikipedia | Ferula_ammoniacum |
| CMAUP | NPO9363 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids | |||||
| Oleic Acid | 445639 | Click to see | 282.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Methyl linoleate | 5284421 | Click to see | 294.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Glycerolipids / Triradylcglycerols / Triacylglycerols | |||||
| Trilaurin | 10851 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC | 639.00 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| cis-alpha-Ocimene | 5463455 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Caryophyllene | 5281515 | Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C | 204.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Elemane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Beta-Elemene | 6918391 | Click to see | 204.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones | |||||
| 1'-Ethenyl-3'-(4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-oxohept-5-en-2-yl)-7-methoxy-1'-methylspiro[chromene-3,2'-cyclopentane]-2,4-dione | 73657048 | Click to see | 426.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19910740305 |
| Ammoresinol | 54712597 | Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C2=C(C=C(C=C2)O)OC1=O)O)C)C)C | 382.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19910740305 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Lupeol | 259846 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Parkeol | 12313974 | Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CC=C3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives | |||||
| (1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol | 44423569 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C(=C)C | 454.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Cycloneolitsol | 101306728 | Click to see CC(CCC(C)(C)C(=C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C | 454.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives | |||||
| (3beta)-24-Methylenelanost-9(11)-en-3-ol | 489917 | Click to see | 440.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (3S,5R,8S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5S)-5,6-dimethylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 101630502 | Click to see | 440.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 24,24-Dimethyllanosta-9(11),25-dien-3beta-ol | 102504569 | Click to see CC(CCC(C)(C)C(=C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CC=C3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C | 454.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4alpha,14alpha-Dimethyl-24-methylene-cholest-9(11)-en-3beta-ol | 5283648 | Click to see CC1C2CCC3C(=CCC4(C3(CCC4C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)C)C)C)C2(CCC1O)C | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (3S,4S,5S,8S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-4,10,13,14-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 101630496 | Click to see | 442.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (3S,4S,5S,8S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4,10,13,14-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 101630497 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2(C1(CC=C3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4C)O)C)C)C)C(=C)C | 440.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (3S,5R,8S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 101630504 | Click to see | 454.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Citrostadienol | 9548595 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Stigmast-4-en-3-one | 5484202 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dihydrofurans / Furanones / Butenolides | |||||
| 5H-7,4-Methenofuro(3,2-c)oxireno(f)oxacycloundecin-5-one,1a,2,3,7,11,11a-hexahydro-8,11a-dimethyl-, (1aS,7R,11aS)- | 497202 | Click to see CC1=COC2=C1C3C=C(CCC4C(C2)(O4)C)C(=O)O3 | 260.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Linderalactone | 6450191 | Click to see | 244.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pseudoneolinderane | 57400551 | Click to see | 260.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Zeylanin | 12445041 | Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C3C=C(CCC1OC(=O)C)C(=O)O3)C(=CO2)C | 302.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Dioxanes / 1,4-dioxanes | |||||
| 2H-10,1a-(Epoxymethano)oxireno(4,5)cyclodeca(1,2-b)furan-12-one, 3,6,10,10a-tetrahydro-5,9-methyl-, (1aS-(1aR*,4E,10R*,10aR*))- | 6450227 | Click to see | 260.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins | |||||
| Catechin | 9064 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones / Flavanonols | |||||
| (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One | 712318 | Click to see | 304.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside | 90795788 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |