Stratiotes aloides
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64402698db493067771673 |
| Scientific name | Stratiotes aloides |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 535 (1753) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Live aquatic plants for aquarium hobby, water garden, and ornamental pond landscaping. Stratiotes aloides is sold as bare‑root rosettes or whole individuals in pots or net bags, valued for its stiff, sword‑shaped leaves and its ability to rise to the water surface.
Scientific/model‑organism use:
- The species is used as a model for studying amphibious leaf development, underwater photosynthesis, and the transition between submerged and emergent growth. Transcriptomic datasets for submerged and emergent leaves have been deposited in public repositories (e.g., NCBI GEO), enabling comparative genomics of aquatic monocots.
Properties relevant to use:
- The rosette consists of thick‑cuticled, linear leaves rich in chlorophyll a and b, allowing efficient photosynthesis under both submerged and aerial conditions. The plant is noted for its rapid growth and capacity to assimilate nitrogen and phosphorus, a property utilized in aquarium filtration and water quality improvement. Its dense root network stabilizes sediments in aquaria and ponds. The leaves possess a high cellulose content and robust lignification, providing mechanical durability that contributes to the plant’s longevity in aquarium setups.
Standards and regulation:
- In the European Union, trade of aquatic plants is governed by the Plant Health Directive (Directive 2000/29/EC) and by the Invasive Alien Species Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014, which provides a framework for controlling the import and release of potentially invasive species. In the United Kingdom, Stratiotes aloides is listed under Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, prohibiting its planting or causing it to grow in the wild. International shipments may require phytosanitary certificates in accordance with the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Commercial producers commonly adopt quality‑management systems such as ISO 9001.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Although Stratiotes aloides occurs naturally in many European freshwater habitats, commercial supply is primarily based on cultivated stock to reduce pressure on wild populations. Sustainable cultivation involves harvesting mature rosettes, allowing regeneration from runners, and following regional guidelines for aquatic plant propagation. Traceability is required to comply with invasive‑species controls and to assure that marketed material is free from contaminants. Cultivation practices generally aim to minimise water and nutrient inputs while maintaining plant health.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Stratiotes aculeatus | Stokes | Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 52 (1812) |
| Stratiotes aquaticus | Pall. | Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 315 (1776) |
| Stratiotes ensiformis | Gilib. | Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 220 (1782) |
| Stratiotes generalis | E.H.L.Krause | Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 4: 96 (1905) |
| Stratiotes aloides f. submersa | Glück | Süsswasserflora 15: 110 1936 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | water soldier |
| English | water soldiers |
| English | water-soldier |
| ba | Бысҡы үлән |
| Belarusian | Разак, расліна |
| Bulgarian | алоевиден стратиотес |
| Czech | řezan pilolistý |
| Czech | řezan aloesovitý |
| Welsh | milwr y dŵr |
| German | falscher wasserfenchel |
| German | krebsschere |
| German | afteraloe |
| German | wassersichel |
| German | wassersegen |
| German | wasserschere |
| German | wassersäge |
| German | donnerbart-wasserfenchel |
| German | reiterskraut |
| German | säbelkraut |
| German | sichelkraut |
| German | wasserscheer |
| German | sumpfaloe |
| Estonian | stratiotes aquaticus |
| Estonian | stratiotes aculeatus |
| Estonian | vesikarikas |
| Estonian | stratoides generalis |
| Estonian | stratoides aquaticus |
| Estonian | stratoides aloides |
| Estonian | stratoides aculeatus |
| Estonian | stratiotes ensiformis |
| Estonian | stratiotes generalis |
| Finnish | sahalehti |
| French | stratiotès faux aloès |
| French | faux-aloès |
| Irish | saighdiúir uisce |
| Upper Sorbian | alowejowa šćipalica |
| Hungarian | kolokán |
| Icelandic | krabbakló |
| Lithuanian | alijošinis aštrys |
| Lithuanian | alavijinis aštrys |
| Norwegian Bokmål | krepseklo |
| Norwegian Bokmål | vannaloe |
| nds | palmkruut |
| nds | aaden |
| nds | agel |
| nds | Ägelhürn |
| nds | buckelbas |
| nds | buckelhaar |
| nds | bucksbaart |
| nds | egel |
| nds | egelhüren |
| nds | eiden |
| nds | heekstohl |
| nds | sterkryd |
| nds | seeposs |
| nds | hekkruut |
| nds | hexenkruut |
| nds | schernkruut |
| nds | säker |
| Dutch | krabbenscheer |
| Dutch | krabbescheer |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | vassaloe |
| Polish | osoka aloesowata |
| Polish | osoka |
| Russian | Телорез |
| Slovak | rezavka aloovitá |
| Swedish | dyborre |
| Swedish | vattenaloe |
| Chinese | 水凤梨 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- North Caucasus
-
Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
-
Siberia
- Altay
- Krasnoyarsk
- West Siberia
-
Western Asia
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
-
Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
-
Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Great Britain
- Ireland
- Sweden
-
Southeastern Europe
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Romania
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
-
Southwestern Europe
- France
- Spain
-
Eastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000770131 |
| Canadensys | 27898 |
| USDA Plants | STAL6 |
| Tropicos | 16100129 |
| INPN | 125219 |
| Flora of Italy | 6690 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:431936-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-308859 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 613170 |
| Observations.org | 2764 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 55494 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000002110 |
| Nature Serve | 2.145566 |
| IUCN Red List | 167872 |
| IPNI | 431936-1 |
| iNaturalist | 60467 |
| IFPNI | EDA6556E-8F6A-4C10-856A-CB247717CB69 |
| GBIF | 5329192 |
| Freebase | /m/03crpqb |
| EPPO | STTAL |
| EOL | 1089015 |
| Elurikkus | 7595 |
| USDA GRIN | 316418 |
| Wikipedia | Stratiotes_aloides |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids / L-alpha-amino acids | |||||
| L-Arginine | 6322 | Click to see | 174.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Leucine and derivatives | |||||
| Leucine | 6106 | Click to see CC(C)CC(C(=O)O)N | 131.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| cis-Aconitic acid | 643757 | Click to see | 174.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| trans-Aconitic acid | 444212 | Click to see | 174.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Quaternary ammonium salts / Cholines | |||||
| Choline | 305 | Click to see | 104.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides | |||||
| Arbutin | 440936 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O | 272.25 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones | |||||
| 2-(2-Hydroxypentyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromene-5-carboxylic acid | 44139741 | Click to see | 306.31 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| 2-[(2S)-2-hydroxypentyl]-7-methoxy-4-oxochromene-5-carboxylic acid | 163044921 | Click to see | 306.31 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| 5-Hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypentyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one | 163192809 | Click to see CCCC(CC1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2O1)OC)O)O | 278.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| Tryptophan | 6305 | Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)N | 204.22 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Tetrapyrroles and derivatives | |||||
| Pheophorbide a | 253193 | Click to see | 592.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 44139740 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 624.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 44139739 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 638.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| 6-[2-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 56678406 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 624.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| 6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 56680772 | Click to see | 638.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| Chrysoeriol 7-O-(6''-malonyl-glucoside) | 131752190 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)CC(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 548.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| Flavone base + 3O, 1MeO, O-MalonylHex | 74977711 | Click to see | 548.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| Flavone base + 4O, O-MalonylHex | 5858132 | Click to see | 534.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
| Luteolin 7-O-malonylglucoside | 5281669 | Click to see | 534.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP800769G |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |