Solanum aviculare is a soft-wooded shrub native to New Zealand and the east coast of Australia. It is similar to Solanum laciniatum, but has smaller flowers (usually pale blue, sometimes dark purple, white or striped blue/white) with acute corolla lobes, smaller seeds, and a different chromosome number. It is found on the Kermadec Islands, North Island, northern South Island and Chatham Islands of New Zealand. The leaves and unripe fruits of S. aviculare contain the toxic alkaloid solasodine, which is extracted and used as a base material for the production of steroid contraceptives. It is also used as a rootstock for grafting eggplant and by Australian Aborigines as a poultice on swollen joints.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Solanum aviculare var. albiflorum	Cheeseman	Trans. Roy. Soc. N. Z. 52: 9-16. 1920.
Solanum aviculare var. latifolium	G.T.S.Baylis	Austral. J. Bot. 11: 168. 1963.
Solanum aviculare var. typicum	Domin	Biblioth. Bot. 89: 1128. 1928.
Solanum baylisii	Geras.	Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 272. 1971 ['1970'].
Solanum cheesemanii	Geras.	Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 271. 1971 ['1970'].
Solanum dispar	Loisel. ex Dunal	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 69. 1852.
Solanum glaberrimum	Dunal	Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] Suppl. 3: 747. 1814.

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	kangaroo apple
English	new zealand nightshade
English	pam plum
English	poroporo
Arabic	باذنجان أسترالي
German	känguruapfel
mi	poroporo
mi	pōporo
Russian	Паслён птичий
Swedish	rött känguruäpple
Chinese	澳洲茄
Chinese	苦天茄

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Norfolk Island
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia
- New Zealand
  - Chatham Islands
  - Kermadec Islands
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Northern America click to expand
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Oregon
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- Southwestern Pacific
  - New Caledonia
  - Vanuatu

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0001026424
USDA Plants	SOAV
Tropicos	29600097
INPN	124018
Flora of Italy	4722
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:818376-1
The Plant List	tro-29600097
Open Tree Of Life	494825
Observations.org	122451
NCBI Taxonomy	4114
Nature Serve	2.148488
IPNI	818376-1
iNaturalist	79135
GBIF	2930210
Freebase	/m/05fbt2
EPPO	SOLAV
EOL	581118
Elurikkus	336857
Calflora (Californian flora)	7648
USDA GRIN	100820
Wikipedia	Solanum_aviculare

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Hairy root culture: a potent method for improved secondary metabolite production of Solanaceous plants

Biswas D, Chakraborty A, Mukherjee S, Ghosh B

Front Plant Sci

04-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10507345
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1197555
PMID:	37731987

Aboriginal medicinal plants of Queensland: ethnopharmacological uses, species diversity, and biodiscovery pathways

Turpin G, Ritmejerytė E, Jamie J, Crayn D, Wangchuk P

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

10-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9364609
doi:	10.1186/s13002-022-00552-6
PMID:	35948982

Antimicrobial Effect of Simira ecuadorensis Extracts and Their Impact on Improving Shelf Life in Chicken and Fish Products

Reyes JF, Diez AM, Melero B, Rovira J, Jaime I

Foods

05-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9368463
doi:	10.3390/foods11152352
PMID:	35954118

The ecological fitness of the tomato potato psyllid after transferring from non-crop host plants to tomato and potato

London H, Saville DJ, Davidson MM, Olaniyan O, Wratten SD

PLoS One

07-Apr-2022

PMCID:	PMC8989339
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0266274
PMID:	35390058

Temporal patterns of forest seedling emergence across different disturbance histories

Bowd EJ, McBurney L, Blair DP, Lindenmayer DB

Ecol Evol

26-Jun-2021

PMCID:	PMC8293764
doi:	10.1002/ece3.7568
PMID:	34306621

Buzz-Pollinated Crops: A Global Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Supplemental Bee Pollination in Tomato

Cooley H, Vallejo-Marín M

J Econ Entomol

22-Feb-2021

PMCID:	PMC8042731
doi:	10.1093/jee/toab009
PMID:	33615362

Inheritance of Solanum chloroplast genomic DNA in interspecific hybrids

Li D, Gan G, Li W, Li W, Jiang Y, Liang X, Yu N, Chen R, Wang Y

Mitochondrial DNA B Resour

08-Feb-2021

PMCID:	PMC7872556
doi:	10.1080/23802359.2020.1866450
PMID:	33659675

Modern Trends in the In Vitro Production and Use of Callus, Suspension Cells and Root Cultures of Medicinal Plants

Babich O, Sukhikh S, Pungin A, Ivanova S, Asyakina L, Prosekov A

Molecules

09-Dec-2020

PMCID:	PMC7763305
doi:	10.3390/molecules25245805
PMID:	33316965

Phytotoxicity of Essential Oils: Opportunities and Constraints for the Development of Biopesticides. A Review

Werrie PY, Durenne B, Delaplace P, Fauconnier ML

Foods

14-Sep-2020

PMCID:	PMC7554882
doi:	10.3390/foods9091291
PMID:	32937933

Sexual Dimorphism in Anthonomus santacruzi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a Biological Control Agent of Solanum mauritianum Scopoli (Solanaceae)

Sasa A, Gosik R, Witkowski ET, Byrne MJ, Mazur MA

Neotrop Entomol

16-Jul-2020

PMCID:	PMC7661402
doi:	10.1007/s13744-020-00795-6
PMID:	32676899

On the complementarity of DNA barcoding and morphology to distinguish benign endemic insects from possible pests: the case of Dirioxa pornia and the tribe Acanthonevrini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Phytalmiinae) in Australia

Martoni F, Valenzuela I, Blacket MJ

Insect Sci

08-May-2020

PMCID:	PMC7818419
doi:	10.1111/1744-7917.12769
PMID:	32096585

Early tropical crop production in marginal subtropical and temperate Polynesia

Prebble M, Anderson AJ, Augustinus P, Emmitt J, Fallon SJ, Furey LL, Holdaway SJ, Jorgensen A, Ladefoged TN, Matthews PJ, Meyer JY, Phillipps R, Wallace R, Porch N

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

08-Apr-2019

PMCID:	PMC6500154
doi:	10.1073/pnas.1821732116
PMID:	30962379

Large-spored Alternaria pathogens in section Porri disentangled

Woudenberg JH, Truter M, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW

Stud Mycol

16-Oct-2014

PMCID:	PMC4255562
doi:	10.1016/j.simyco.2014.07.003
PMID:	25492985

Methyl Jasmonate Represses Growth and Affects Cell Cycle Progression in Cultured Taxus Cells

Patil RA, Lenka SK, Normanly J, Walker EL, Roberts SC

Plant Cell Rep

16-May-2014

PMCID:	PMC4283222
doi:	10.1007/s00299-014-1632-5
PMID:	24832773

Evaluating Frugivore-fruit Interactions Using Avian Eye Modelling

Fadzly N, Burns KC, Zuharah WF

Trop Life Sci Res

01-Dec-2013

PMCID:	PMC3935375
PMID:	24575247

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
9-Hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid	2371	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C(=O)O	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80061-3
Betulinic Acid	64971	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C(=O)O	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80639-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80061-3
Diosgenin	99474	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)OC1	414.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00778122 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
Lanosterol	246983	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3=C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
Spirost-5-en-3-ol	234096	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)OC1	414.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
Squalene	638072	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C	410.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives
Cholesterol	5997	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	386.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives
(3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-[(2R)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	145925700	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
Cycloartenol	92110	Click to see CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC34C2CCC5C3(C4)CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
(3S,8S,9S,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	134766514	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
5-Cholestene-3-ol, 24-methyl-	312822	Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C	400.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal alkaloids / Spirosolanes and derivatives
(1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,10R,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-10,16-diol	21573755	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(C(CC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)O)C)C)NC1	429.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81978-0
(1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,18R)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-piperidine]-16-one	21573750	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CCC(=O)C6)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
(1S,2S,4S,6R,8S,9S,12R,13R)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-ol	137704740	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0237-7_2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1656(91)90077-9
(22R,25R)-Spirosol-4-en-3-one	331777	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6=CC(=O)CCC56C)C)C)NC1	411.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
5',7,9,13-Tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-17-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-one	3919026	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6=CC(=O)CCC56C)C)C)NC1	411.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
5',7,9,13-Tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-10,16-diol	73796887	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(C(CC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)O)C)C)NC1	429.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81978-0
5alpha-Tomatidan-3-one	4529149	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CCC(=O)C6)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
Purapuridine	5250	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81978-0
Solasod-5-en-3 beta-ol	44584207	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81978-0
Solasodine	442985	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1	413.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81978-0 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides / Steroidal saponins
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol	162848549	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	868.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
alpha-Solasonine	537159	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	884.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19550880222
b-Solamarine	14428444	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	868.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
Solamargine	73611	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	868.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19550880222 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)80063-6
Solamarin, beta	437080	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	868.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19550880222
Solasonine	119247	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1	884.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/CBER.19550880222
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol	22012	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50032A024

Biological Material Top

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Solanum aviculare

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top