Common products:
Timber for furniture, paneling, and tool handles; fuelwood/charcoal for domestic energy.

Wood and fiber:
Light brown, hard, coarse-textured timber suitable for indoor carpentry, furniture, paneling, and tool handles. Used locally as fuelwood and for charcoal production.

Properties relevant to use:
Timber hardness and workability enable furniture, paneling, and handle applications; fuel characteristics support domestic heating and cooking.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Forest products sourced from Himalayan forests; timber may be harvested selectively for construction and carpentry.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Pawia indica	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 146 (1891)
Pavia indica	Wall. ex Cambess.	Voy. Inde 4: 31 (1841)

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	himalayas horse chestnut
English	indian horse chestnut
Bulgarian	Индийски конски кестен
Czech	jírovec indický
Welsh	castanwydden-y-meirch indiaidd
German	indische rosskastanie
Persian	شاهبلوط هیمالیایی
French	marronnier de l'himalaya
Hungarian	indiai vadgesztenye
Punjab	بن کھوڑ
Tamil	ஏசுக்குலசு இண்டிகா
Ukrainian	Гіркокаштан індійський
Chinese	印度七叶树
Chinese	印度七葉樹

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Aesculus indica var. concolor	Browicz	Fl. Iranica 92: 2 (1972)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - East Himalaya
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - West Himalaya

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000522293
Tropicos	50276950
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60450399-2
The Plant List	kew-2624522
PFAF	Aesculus indica
Open Tree Of Life	255757
Observations.org	159225
NCBI Taxonomy	531823
NBN Atlas	NHMSYS0000455626
IUCN Red List	150283250
IPNI	60450399-2
iNaturalist	367294
GBIF	7323143
Freebase	/m/0fpjrpt
EPPO	AECIN
EOL	2905431
Elurikkus	588422
USDA GRIN	1631
Wikipedia	Aesculus_indica

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Commodity risk assessment of Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

03-May-2024

PMCID:	PMC11066761
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8803
PMID:	38707495

Ethnobotanical assessment of antidiabetic medicinal plants in District Karak, Pakistan

Nazar A, Adnan M, Shah SM, Bari A, Ullah R, Tariq A, Ahmad N

BMC Complement Med Ther

24-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11040872
doi:	10.1186/s12906-024-04462-w
PMID:	38658923

Vegetation–edaphic correlation and importance value index in himalayan ‘ecotone’ temperate conifer forest using the multivariate technique

Ali F, Zeb M, Amin M, Rajpar MN, Hidayat S, Khan WR

Saudi J Biol Sci

24-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11000104
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103983
PMID:	38590389

Flavonoids: A treasure house of prospective pharmacological potentials

Hasnat H, Shompa SA, Islam MM, Alam S, Richi FT, Emon NU, Ashrafi S, Ahmed NU, Chowdhury MN, Fatema N, Hossain MS, Ghosh A, Ahmed F

Heliyon

09-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10944245
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27533
PMID:	38496846

Habitat suitability modelling of Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha) in moist temperate forest

Badrulislam, Khan KA, Khalil S, Hussain M, Saqib Z, Altaf J, Hadi R, Habiba U

PLoS One

15-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10868740
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0296921
PMID:	38359051

Effect of Crown Layers on Reproductive Effort and Success in Andromonoecious Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Camb.) Hook (Sapindaceae) in a Temperate Forest of Garhwal Himalaya

Pradhan P, Sukumaran A, Khanduri VP, Singh B, Rawat D, Riyal MK, Kumar M, Pinto MM

Plants (Basel)

10-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10818387
doi:	10.3390/plants13020183
PMID:	38256737

The local medicinal plant knowledge in Kashmir Western Himalaya: a way to foster ecological transition via community-centred health seeking strategies

Manzoor M, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Gillani SW, Shaheen H, Pieroni A, Al-Ghamdi AA, Elshikh MS, Saqib S, Makhkamov T, Khaydarov K

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

30-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10688143
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00631-2
PMID:	38037066

Commodity risk assessment of Quercus petraea plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Iacopetti G, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

30-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10613939
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8313
PMID:	37908445

Commodity risk assessment of Quercus robur plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Iacopetti G, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

30-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10613938
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8314
PMID:	37908449

Impact of moisture content on microstructural, thermal, and techno-functional characteristics of extruded whole-grain-based breakfast cereal enriched with Indian horse chestnut flour

Allai FM, Junaid PM, Azad ZR, Gul K, Dar BN, Siddiqui SA, Manuel Loenzo J

Food Chem X

28-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10739762
doi:	10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100959
PMID:	38144831

Ethnobotanical Insights into Medicinal and Culinary Plant Use: The Dwindling Traditional Heritage of the Dard Ethnic Group in the Gurez Region of the Kashmir Valley, India

Ahad L, Hassan M, Amjad MS, Mir RA, Vitasović-Kosić I, Bussmann RW, Binish Z

Plants (Basel)

17-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10610420
doi:	10.3390/plants12203599
PMID:	37896062

Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity assessment of five medicinal plants from Pakistan: Exploring polyphenol contents, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activities

Rao H, Rao I, Saeed L, Aati HY, Aati S, Zeeshan M, ur Rehman Khan K

Saudi J Biol Sci

22-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10480623
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103783
PMID:	37680976

Commodity risk assessment of Fagus sylvatica plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Gardi C, Iacopetti G, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

28-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10375364
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8118
PMID:	37522095

Systematic analyses with genomic and metabolomic insights reveal a new species, Ophiocordyceps indica sp. nov. from treeline area of Indian Western Himalayan region

Sharma A, Kaur E, Joshi R, Kumari P, Khatri A, Swarnkar MK, Kumar D, Acharya V, Nadda G

Front Microbiol

20-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10399244
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1188649
PMID:	37547690

Commodity risk assessment of Acer campestre plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Gardi C, Iacopetti G, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

06-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10323733
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8071
PMID:	37427018

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
Ethyl heptadecanoate	26397	Click to see	298.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A026
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters / Fatty acid methyl esters
Methyl margarate	15609	Click to see	284.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50061A026
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-(((4S,6Bs,8R,9R)-9-Acetyloxy-8-Hydroxy-4,8A-Bis(Hydroxymethyl)-4,6A,6B,11,11,14B-Hexamethyl-10-((E)-2-Methylbut-2-Enoyl)Oxy-1,2,3,4A,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12A,14,14A-Tetradecahydropicen-3-Yl)Oxy)-4-Hydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxy-5-((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxyoxane-2-Carboxylic Acid	16211024	Click to see	1131.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209509065390
(2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid	123134563	Click to see	1131.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209509065390
CID 10724706	10724706	Click to see	1007.10	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50053A001
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3R,4R,4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,9S,10S,12aR,14bR)-4a,9-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-3,4,5,10-tetrol	131636595	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1O)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)CO)O)C)C	506.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83042-3
[(3R,4R,4aR,5S,6R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-3,5,6,10-tetrahydroxy-4a-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	122194856	Click to see	588.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
[3,5,6,10-Tetrahydroxy-4a-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	77509161	Click to see	588.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
[4,5,10-Trihydroxy-4a-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	558044	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2(C(CC1(C)C)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO)O	572.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
[5,10-Dihydroxy-4a-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-4-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate	73817653	Click to see	654.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
21,22-O-Diangeloyl-3beta,16alpha,28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene	21636448	Click to see	654.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
8,22-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,4,8,12,19,19-hexamethyl-23-oxahexacyclo[18.2.1.03,16.04,13.07,12.017,22]tricos-15-ene-9,21-diol	15558430	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
Aescigenin	44144285	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83042-3
Barringtogenol C	435277	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1O)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
barringtogenol-C 21-angelate	21633166	Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2(C(CC1(C)C)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2O)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO)O	572.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
CID 89508569	89508569	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83042-3
Escigenin	15558431	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
Protoaescigenin	612009	Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1O)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)CO)O)C)C	506.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
Protoescigenin	15560300	Click to see	506.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
Theasapogenol B	185465	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060921
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Rutin	5280805	Click to see	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.3109/13880208209083302

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Aesculus indica

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top