Common products:
- Volatile oil, obtained by steam distillation of leaves and possibly branchlets, marketed as a fragrance raw material in perfumery and flavor industries. Literature documents the presence of sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, and a coumarin derivative; the oil is classified as non-photosensitizing and contains minimal furanocoumarins, with a weak “sweet–woody” odor profile suited to fixative or base-note functions.

Industrial and craft applications:
- No documented uses reported for timber, pulp, fiber, gums, dyes, or resins. No records of industrial polymer or adhesive feedstocks.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- Leaf essential oil is cited as a flavoring agent in the beverage industry, used in trace amounts (ppm levels) as a flavor modifier. No food product names are documented. Non-toxicity data are available for citrus-honey formulations; no culinary applications beyond flavoring are reported.

Colorants and tanning:
- No documented use as a dye, pigment, ink, or tanning agent.

Wood and fiber:
- No documented timber, pulp, fiber, or charcoal applications.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Leaf oil serves as a fragrance component in soaps, detergents, and toiletries; documented as non-irritating under normal use and qualified for IFRA maximum use levels on skin-exposure products. The coumarin derivative profile suggests shelf-life considerations and compliance with fragrance allergen labeling (EU Reg. 1223/2009 Annex III).

Properties relevant to use:
- Volatile profile dominated by sesquiterpenes (α- and β-selinene, germacrene D) with secondary monoterpenes (α- and β-pinene, sabinene, limonene), yielding low volatility suitable for fixatives; coumarin content is low, reducing phototoxic risk. GC–MS analysis reports cineole-class monoterpenes at minor levels, consistent with a stable base-note fragrance. Quantified physical–chemical parameters are limited; existing chromatographic data support aroma classification and safety assessments.

Standards and regulation:
- ISO 3214 (essential oil analysis) and IFRA Guidelines (usage standards for fragrance materials) are applicable to this oil’s quality and safety documentation. No national timber, food, or cosmetics codes reference this species specifically.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- Found in Brazil’s Cerrado and Atlantic Forest; oil is obtained from wild-harvested or cultivated leaves. No sustainability indicators (e.g., IUCN status, habitat threats, cultivation area, yield) are documented for E. grandiflora in the available sources.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Polembryum jussieui	Schott.	Rutaceae : t. 6 (1834)
Colythrum grandiflorum	Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 399 (1840)
Esenbeckia attenuata	Griseb.	Fl. Brit. W. I. : 135 (1859)
Esenbeckia fasciculata	Barb.Rodr.	Rev. Engenh. 5: (28 Jul. 1883)
Esenbeckia grandiflora var. intermedia	(Engl.) Kaastra	Acta Bot. Neerl. 26: 475 (1977)
Esenbeckia grandiflora var. macrophylla	Chodat & Hassl.	Bull. Herb. Boissier , sér. 2, 4: 1285 (1904)
Esenbeckia grandiflora var. peruviana	J.F.Macbr.	Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 13(3): 673 (1949)
Esenbeckia intermedia	Mart.	Syst. Mat. Med. Bras. : 39 (1843)
Esenbeckia obovalifolia	Pittier	Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 9: 122 (1944)
Esenbeckia rigida	R.S.Cowan	Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, Bot. 27: 1 (1961)
Esenbeckia intermedia	Mart. ex Engl.	Fl. Bras. (Martius) 12(2): 147 (-148). 1874 [1 Sep 1874]
Polembryum castanocarpum	A.Juss.	Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 12: 519, t. 28. 1825 ; Mem. Rut. 136., t. 49

Common names Top

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Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Esenbeckia grandiflora subsp. brevipetiolata	Kaastra	Acta Bot. Neerl. 26: 475 (1977)
Esenbeckia grandiflora subsp. grandiflora

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
  - Brazil West-central
- Caribbean
  - Trinidad-Tobago
- Northern South America
  - French Guiana
  - Suriname
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Paraguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000680797
Tropicos	28100101
INPN	734947
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772837-1
The Plant List	kew-2802332
Open Tree Of Life	1094779
NCBI Taxonomy	549402
IUCN Red List	179313854
IPNI	772837-1
iNaturalist	960272
GBIF	7268853
EOL	5621032

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Chalepin and Chalepensin: Occurrence, Biosynthesis and Therapeutic Potential

Nahar L, Al-Majmaie S, Al-Groshi A, Rasul A, Sarker SD

Molecules

14-Mar-2021

PMCID:	PMC7999183
doi:	10.3390/molecules26061609
PMID:	33799365

Dihydrochalcones: Methods of Acquisition and Pharmacological Properties—A First Systematic Review

Stompor M, Broda D, Bajek-Bil A

Molecules

05-Dec-2019

PMCID:	PMC6943545
doi:	10.3390/molecules24244468
PMID:	31817526

Almeidea A. St.-Hil. Belongs to Conchocarpus J.C. Mikan (Galipeinae, Rutaceae): Evidence from Morphological and Molecular Data, with a First Analysis of Subtribe Galipeinae

Poleselli Bruniera C, Kallunki JA, Groppo M

PLoS One

07-May-2015

PMCID:	PMC4423776
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0125650
PMID:	25951371

Evaluation of Halogenated Coumarins for Antimosquito Properties

Narayanaswamy VK, Gleiser RM, Kasumbwe K, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad MV, Odhav B

ScientificWorldJournal

25-Dec-2014

PMCID:	PMC4290031
doi:	10.1155/2014/189824
PMID:	25610898

Chilean Pitavia more closely related to Oceania and Old World Rutaceae than to Neotropical groups: evidence from two cpDNA non-coding regions, with a new subfamilial classification of the family

Groppo M, Kallunki JA, Pirani JR, Antonelli A

PhytoKeys

18-Dec-2012

PMCID:	PMC3597001
doi:	10.3897/phytokeys.19.3912
PMID:	23717188

Alcaloides β-indolopiridoquinazolínicos de Esenbeckia grandiflora mart. (Rutaceae)

Ana Helena Januário, Paulo Cezar Vieira, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes d Silva, João Batista Fernandes, Jorge José de Brito Silva, Lucia Maria Conserva

FapUNIFESP (SciELO)

03-Dec-2009

doi:	10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010

A pimpinellin monomer and dimer isolated from the roots of Esenbeckia grandiflora.

de Oliveira PE, Conserva LM, De Simone CA, Pereira MA, Malta VR, Imbroisi DO

Acta Crystallogr C

01-Dec-2004

doi:	10.1107/S0108270104023777
PMID:	15579978

Dihydrochalcones and coumarins of Esenbeckia grandiflora subsp. brevipetiolata.

Trani M, Carbonetti A, Delle Monache G, Delle Monache F

Fitoterapia

01-Jan-2004

doi:	10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
PMID:	14693231

Alkaloids and coumarins from Esenbeckia species

Fernando M. Oliveira, Antônio Euzébio G.^Sant'ana, Lucia M. Conserva, JoséGuilherme S. Maia, Giselle M.P. Guilhon

Elsevier BV

30-Apr-2003

doi:	10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
Anisocoumarin H	14376449	Click to see CC(=CC(CC(=CCOC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)C)O)C	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R,3S,6R,9S,14R,15S,18R)-6,10,10,14,15,18,21,21-octamethyl-2-oxahexacyclo[13.8.0.01,3.05,14.06,11.018,23]tricosan-9-ol	162966179	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
(1S,2R,4aR,6aS,6bR,10S,12aS)-10-hydroxy-1,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-tetradecahydropicen-13-one	89732093	Click to see	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
(3S,6aR,6bR,8aR,11R,12S,14bR)-3-hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-13-one	163061897	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(C2C1C)C(=O)CC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C)C	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
(4aR,6aS,6bR,10S,12aS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picen-13-one	90658533	Click to see	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
(4aR,6bR,10S,12aS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picen-13-one	5318270	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CC(=O)C4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
10-Hydroxy-1,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-tetradecahydropicen-13-one	74933427	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CC(=O)C4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
10-hydroxy-2,2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-octamethyl-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picen-13-one	13996051	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CC(=O)C4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
3-Hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-13-one	163061895	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
6,10,10,14,15,18,21,21-Octamethyl-2-oxahexacyclo[13.8.0.01,3.05,14.06,11.018,23]tricosan-9-ol	162966178	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acids
Ergoyne B	139591552	Click to see CC(C)CCC(CC=CC#CC#CC=C1C=CSC2=NC(=CN12)CC(C(=O)O)[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)O	496.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Pyridoindoles / Beta carbolines
7,17,18-Trimethoxy-3,13,21-triazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2(10),4(9),5,7,15,17,19-octaen-14-one	135778997	Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)NC3=C2CCN4C3=NC5=CC(=C(C=C5C4=O)OC)OC	377.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422009000800010
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Furanoquinolines
Flindersiamine	68221	Click to see	273.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
Gamma-Fagarine	107936	Click to see	229.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Kokusaginine	10227	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC	259.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
Maculine	68232	Click to see	243.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
Skimmianine	6760	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C(=C3C=COC3=N2)OC)OC	259.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Quinolones and derivatives / Hydroquinolones
8-methoxy-1-methylquinolin-4(1H)-one	15675303	Click to see	189.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Angular furanocoumarins
(8S)-8-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-8,9-dihydrofuro[2,3-h]chromen-2-one	162958153	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
8-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-8,9-dihydrofuro[2,3-h]chromen-2-one	14604075	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Moellendorffilin	21121035	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C(C=CO2)C3=C1C4C5C(C4C(=O)O3)C(=O)OC6=C5C(=C(C7=C6C=CO7)OC)OC)OC	492.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270104023777
Moellendorffiline	128785	Click to see	492.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270104023777
Pimpinellin	4825	Click to see	246.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270104023777 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens
(-)-Heraclenol	40429858	Click to see	304.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Imperatorin	10212	Click to see	270.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Psoralens / 8-methoxypsoralens
8-Methoxypsoralen	4114	Click to see	216.19	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00564-1
9-Methoxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one	163094837	Click to see CC(=CC(=O)C1=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=C(C3=C1C=CO3)OC)C	298.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Isopimpinellin	68079	Click to see COC1=C2C=COC2=C(C3=C1C=CC(=O)O3)OC	246.21	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins / Epigallocatechins
Epigallocatechin	72277	Click to see C1C(C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O	306.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxyhexopyranoside	5353915	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Afzelin	5316673	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Npc318533	5835713	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
Quercitrin	5280459	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxy-dihydrochalcones
1-[3-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one	163042696	Click to see	410.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
1-[3-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl]-3-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]propan-1-one	162923171	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCC1=C(C(=C(C=C1O)O)C(=O)CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)CC=C(C)C)O)C)C	478.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004
1-[3-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one	131837031	Click to see	410.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2003.08.004

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Esenbeckia grandiflora

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top