Entandrophragma angolense
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644019c60e105573000203 |
| Scientific name | Entandrophragma angolense |
| Authority | C.DC. |
| First published in | Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 582 (1894) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Sawn timber (heartwood and sapwood) used for high‑grade furniture, interior joinery, and structural components. Veneer produced for decorative panels, cabinet doors, and other surfacing applications. Plywood and engineered flooring products manufactured from the wood. Wood chips and sawdust processed into pulp for the paper industry.
Industrial and craft applications:
Manufacture of furniture, cabinets, and case goods where the reddish‑brown grain and dimensional stability are valued. Production of interior doors, wall paneling, and staircases. Use in the making of musical instrument bodies, particularly guitar backs and sides, due to the wood’s resonance properties. Craftsmanship of decorative turned objects, such as handles and sculptural pieces, which exploit the fine grain and workability.
Wood and fiber:
Structural timber employed in load‑bearing and non‑load‑bearing construction where moderate density and durability are required. Wood fiber utilized for pulp, yielding long, relatively uniform fibers suitable for high‑quality printing and writing papers. Particleboard and fiberboard production from the wood’s abundant cellulose.
Properties relevant to use:
Air‑dry density 560–650 kg m⁻³ at 12 % moisture content, providing sufficient mass for strength. Modulus of rupture 90–120 MPa and modulus of elasticity 9–12 GPa, indicating good load‑bearing capacity. Natural durability class II (resistant to fungal decay and termite attack) due to extractives such as alkaloids and phenolic compounds. Low shrinkage (radial ~3.5 %, tangential ~6.5 %) contributing to dimensional stability in finished products.
Standards and regulation:
Classified under EN 338 as a structural timber strength class (e.g., C24) for engineered construction. Complies with EN 350 for natural durability and EN 350‑1/2 for use‑class specifications. Included in CITES Appendix II, requiring export permits for commercial shipments. Adherence to ISPM 15 for wood packaging material, ensuring quarantine compliance.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Assessed as Near‑Threatened on the IUCN Red List, with population declines driven by selective logging for timber. Sustainable management practices include FSC‑certified plantations and community‑based forest management programs. National timber regulations in West Africa impose quotas, regeneration requirements, and monitoring to prevent over‑exploitation.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Swietenia angolensis | Welw. | Apont. : 587 (1859) |
| Entandrophragma candolleana | De Wild. & T.Durand | Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. , sér. 2, 1(1): 14 (1899) |
| Entandrophragma casimirianum | De Wild. & T.Durand | Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. , sér. 2, 1(6): 126 (1900) |
| Entandrophragma gregoireianum | Staner | Rev. Zool. Bot. Africaines 20: 97 (1930) |
| Entandrophragma leplaei | Verm. | Rev. Zool. Bot. Africaines 9(Suppl. Bot.): 48 (1921) |
| Entandrophragma macrophyllum | A.Chev. | Vég. Ut. Afr. Trop. Franç. 5: 196 (1909) |
| Entandrophragma pierrei | A.Chev. | Vég. Ut. Afr. Trop. Franç. 5: 203 (1909) |
| Entandrophragma platanoides | Vermoesen | Man. Ess. Forest. Congo : 111 (1923) |
| Entandrophragma rederi | Harms | Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 184 (1910) |
| Entandrophragma septentrionale | A.Chev. | Vég. Ut. Afr. Trop. Franç. 5: 205 (1909) |
| Entandrophragma angolense var. macrophyllum | (A.Chev.) Panshin | 1933 |
| Entandrophragma angolense var. septentrionale | (A.Chev.) Panshin | Amer. J. Bot. 20(10): 650. 1933 [1 Dec 1933] |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Catalan | tiama |
| German | enan |
| French | tiama |
| ln | lifake |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
East Tropical Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Uganda
-
Northeast Tropical Africa
- Sudan
-
South Tropical Africa
- Angola
-
West Tropical Africa
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Ivory Coast
- Liberia
- Nigeria
- Sierra Leone
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Cabinda
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Gabon
- Gulf Of Guinea Islands
- Zaïre
-
East Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000668205 |
| Tropicos | 20400507 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578399-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2789539 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 923419 |
| Observations.org | 340519 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 587577 |
| IUCN Red List | 33049 |
| IPNI | 578399-1 |
| iNaturalist | 191881 |
| GBIF | 3851018 |
| Elurikkus | 424925 |
| USDA GRIN | 401451 |
| Wikipedia | Entandrophragma_angolense |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (2S)-6-methyl-4-oxo-2-[(5R,9R,10R,13S,14S,17S)-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-3-oxo-1,2,5,6,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]hept-5-enal | 163028239 | Click to see | 452.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 3-[(3S,3aS,5aR,6S,7S,9bS)-3-[(2S)-1-methoxy-6-methyl-1,4-dioxohept-5-en-2-yl]-3a,6,9b-trimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5a,7,8-octahydrocyclopenta[a]naphthalen-6-yl]propanoic acid | 162983295 | Click to see CC(=CC(=O)CC(C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CCC(C3(C)CCC(=O)O)C(=C)C)C)C)C(=O)OC)C | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 3-[(3S,3aS,5aR,6S,7S,9bS)-3a,6,9b-trimethyl-3-[(2S)-6-methyl-1,4-dioxohept-5-en-2-yl]-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5a,7,8-octahydrocyclopenta[a]naphthalen-6-yl]propanoic acid | 101773015 | Click to see | 468.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 3-[3-(1-Methoxy-6-methyl-1,4-dioxohept-5-en-2-yl)-3a,6,9b-trimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5a,7,8-octahydrocyclopenta[a]naphthalen-6-yl]propanoic acid | 162983294 | Click to see CC(=CC(=O)CC(C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CCC(C3(C)CCC(=O)O)C(=C)C)C)C)C(=O)OC)C | 498.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 3-[3a,6,9b-Trimethyl-3-(6-methyl-1,4-dioxohept-5-en-2-yl)-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5a,7,8-octahydrocyclopenta[a]naphthalen-6-yl]propanoic acid | 162974601 | Click to see | 468.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 6-Methyl-4-oxo-2-(4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-3-oxo-1,2,5,6,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)hept-5-enal | 163028238 | Click to see CC(=CC(=O)CC(C=O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)C)C)C | 452.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids / Limonoids | |||||
| [(1S,2R,5S,6S,11S,13R,14S,16R)-6-(furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-9-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate | 163186646 | Click to see | 552.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| [(1S,6S,7S,10S,11R,12R,14R,15R,16S,18S)-12-[(1R)-1-acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl]-6-(furan-3-yl)-15,16-dihydroxy-7,11,13,13-tetramethyl-18-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-5,17-dioxapentacyclo[13.2.1.01,10.02,7.011,16]octadec-2-en-14-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate | 163187735 | Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(OC(=O)C=C4C35C(C1(C2(O5)O)O)OC(=O)C(C)C)C6=COC=C6)C)C)C(C(=O)OC)OC(=O)C)(C)C | 728.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| [12-(1-Acetyloxy-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-(furan-3-yl)-15,16-dihydroxy-7,11,13,13-tetramethyl-18-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-5,17-dioxapentacyclo[13.2.1.01,10.02,7.011,16]octadec-2-en-14-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate | 74322007 | Click to see | 728.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| [6-(Furan-3-yl)-16-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,17-dioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-9-en-14-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate | 74321970 | Click to see | 552.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| Angolensic acid methyl ester | 419676 | Click to see CC1(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(OC(=O)CC4(C3=C)OC2CC1=O)C5=COC=C5)C)C)CC(=O)OC)C | 470.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958015 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.05.014 |
| Gedunin | 12004512 | Click to see CC(=O)OC1CC2C(C(=O)C=CC2(C3C1(C45C(O4)C(=O)OC(C5(CC3)C)C6=COC=C6)C)C)(C)C | 482.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80123-4 |
| methyl (2R)-2-acetyloxy-2-[(1R,2S,5S,6S,11S,13R,16R)-6-(furan-3-yl)-11-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,14,17-trioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-9-en-16-yl]acetate | 163188224 | Click to see | 542.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| methyl (2R)-2-acetyloxy-2-[(1S,3S,7R,8R,9R,12S,13S)-13-(furan-3-yl)-6,6,8,12-tetramethyl-17-methylidene-5,15-dioxo-2,14-dioxatetracyclo[7.7.1.01,12.03,8]heptadecan-7-yl]acetate | 23983735 | Click to see | 528.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.05.014 |
| methyl 2-[(1R,3S,7R,8R,9R,12S,13S)-13-(furan-3-yl)-6,6,8,12-tetramethyl-17-methylidene-5,15-dioxo-2,14-dioxatetracyclo[7.7.1.01,12.03,8]heptadecan-7-yl]acetate | 98766658 | Click to see | 470.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-958015 |
| Methyl 2-acetyloxy-2-[6-(furan-3-yl)-11-hydroxy-1,5,15,15-tetramethyl-8,14,17-trioxo-7-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.05,10]heptadec-9-en-16-yl]acetate | 74321971 | Click to see | 542.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.3987/COM-07-11085 |
| Methyl angolensate | 21596327 | Click to see CC1(C(C2(C3CCC4(C(OC(=O)CC4(C3=C)OC2CC1=O)C5=COC=C5)C)C)CC(=O)OC)C | 470.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.05.014 https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.24.364 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones | |||||
| (1S,3aS,5aR,9aR,9bR,11aS)-3a,9a,11a-trimethyl-1-[(2S)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-1,2,3,5,5a,8,9,9b,10,11-decahydroindeno[5,4-f]chromen-7-one | 162954512 | Click to see | 398.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80123-4 |
| 3a,9a,11a-Trimethyl-1-(6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-1,2,3,5,5a,8,9,9b,10,11-decahydroindeno[5,4-f]chromen-7-one | 162954511 | Click to see | 398.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(77)80123-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (-)-beta-Sitosterol | 222284 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 122544 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| Stigmasterol | 5280794 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.017 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans | |||||
| (1R,2R,4S,7S,8S,11R,12R)-7-(furan-3-yl)-1,8,12,16,16-pentamethyl-3,6-dioxapentacyclo[9.8.0.02,4.02,8.012,17]nonadeca-13,17-diene-5,15,19-trione | 101843087 | Click to see CC1(C(=O)C=CC2(C1=CC(=O)C3(C2CCC4(C35C(O5)C(=O)OC4C6=COC=C6)C)C)C)C | 436.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.05.014 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Angucyclines | |||||
| 3,8,11-Trihydroxy-3-methyl-2,4-dihydrobenzo[a]anthracene-1,7,12-trione | 85428502 | Click to see | 338.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.05.014 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |