Parietaria officinalis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID644000ef16cf3927470954 |
| Scientific name | Parietaria officinalis |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 1052 (1753) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Young leaves and tender shoots of Parietaria officinalis are harvested wild in spring and early summer. The fresh greens are used in mixed salads or as a raw garnish, and the leaves are also boiled, steamed, or sautéed as a potherb, similar to spinach. Their mild flavor and soft texture make them suitable for both raw and lightly cooked preparations. The Plants for a Future (PFAF) database (2022) lists the species as edible and records these uses, and regional flora references (e.g., Flora of Italy, Pignatti 1982) note the consumption of the plant as a wild green.
Standards and regulation:
Wild‑collected leafy greens such as P. officinalis fall under the general EU food‑safety framework. The hygiene of foodstuffs is regulated by Regulation (EC) No 852/2004, which applies to primary production, handling, and processing of wild herbs. The product is not listed as a novel food under Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, and therefore must meet national requirements concerning identification, contaminant testing (e.g., heavy metals, pesticide residues) and labeling as a “wild herb” in the member state where it is marketed. The European Food Safety Authority’s “Guidance on Traditional Food” (EFSA, 2020) outlines the risk assessment approach for such products.
Sustainability and sourcing:
P. officinalis has a wide native range in the Mediterranean basin and central Europe, as recorded in Euro+Med PlantBase. The species is not listed as threatened on the IUCN Red List and is considered common in many parts of its range. Harvest is therefore based on wild populations, typically from wall, rock and disturbed‑ground habitats. Over‑collection in small areas can locally reduce plant density, so sustainable collection practices—such as leaving a minimum of 30 % of shoots, rotating collection sites, and avoiding harvest in protected reserves—are recommended. The species is not cultivated on a commercial scale, and its supply depends on the continued availability of suitable semi‑natural habitats.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Parietaria erecta | Mert. & W.D.J.Koch | Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 825 (1823) |
| Parietaria assurgens | Poir. | Encycl. 5: 15 (1804) |
| Parietaria rubicunda | Pohl ex Miq. | Fl. Bras. 4(1): 194 (1853) |
| Parietaria populifolia | Nym. | Linnaea 18: 661 (1845) |
| Parietaria muralis | Salisb. | Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 69 (1796) |
| Parietaria nitens | K.Koch | Linnaea 22: 607 (1849) |
| Parietaria nitida | Miq. | Fl. Bras. 4(1): 204 (1853) |
| Helxine dioscoridis | Bubani | Fl. Pyren. 1: 76 (1897) |
| Parietaria canescens | Blume | Mus. Bot. 2(13-16): 249. 1857 [19 Feb 1857] |
| Parietaria erecta | Mert. ex W.D.J.Koch | |
| Parietaria officinalis var. erecta | (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Bab. | |
| Parietaria diffusa | Schur | |
| Parietaria officinalis subsp. erecta | (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Schübl. & G.Martens | |
| Parietaria officinalis unranked elatior | Clementi | Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino ser. 2, 16: 323 1857 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | pellitory-of-the-wall |
| English | eastern pellitory-of-the-wall |
| English | upright pellitory |
| English | lichwort |
| English | erect pellitory-of-the-wall |
| Spanish | canarroya |
| Spanish | cañarroya |
| Spanish | caracolera |
| Spanish | hierba del muro |
| Spanish | albahaca de culebra |
| Arabic | حشيشة الزجاج المخزنية |
| Arabic | ودن الفار |
| Arabic | حشيشة الريح |
| Arabic | لسان الطير |
| Arabic | حريقة |
| Arabic | حبيقة |
| Azerbaijani | dərman qayaotu |
| Bulgarian | лечебна разваленка |
| Catalan | herba de paret |
| Catalan | herba de mur |
| Catalan | blet de paret |
| Catalan | herba roquera |
| Catalan | rocamorella |
| Catalan | vitriaria |
| Catalan | morella roquera |
| co | vitriola |
| co | vitriolu |
| Czech | drnavec lékařský |
| Welsh | paladr-y-wal dwyreiniol |
| Danish | murnælde |
| Danish | almindelig springknap |
| German | gemeines glaskraut |
| German | aufrechtes glaskraut |
| Estonian | harilik juudinõges |
| Basque | horma-belar sendagarri |
| Persian | پاریتاریا آفیسینالیس |
| Finnish | pystymuuriyrtti |
| French | pariétaire officinale |
| French | herbe à bouteille |
| French | pariétaire |
| French | parietaire officinale |
| French | perce-muraille |
| Irish | feabhraíd reatha |
| Irish | feabhraíd dhíreach |
| grc | ἑλξίνη |
| Croatian | ljekovita crkvina |
| Upper Sorbian | runy sćěnowc |
| Hungarian | romfű |
| Hungarian | falifű |
| Hungarian | falgyom |
| Hungarian | közönséges falgyom |
| io | parietario |
| Italian | erba vetriola |
| Italian | erba vento |
| lij | canigèa |
| Dutch | groot glaskruid |
| oc | paredalha |
| Polish | pomurnik lekarski |
| Slovenian | navadna krišina |
| Swedish | väggört |
| Turkish | duvar fesleğeni |
| Turkish | yapışkan otu |
| vec | veriola |
| vec | erba veriola |
| Walloon | trawe-meur d' apoteke |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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Middle Asia
- Turkmenistan
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Western Asia
- Iran
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Krym
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Sweden
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Romania
- Sicilia
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- Corse
- France
- Sardegna
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
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Southeastern U.S.A.
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Pacific click to expand
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Southwestern Pacific
- New Caledonia
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Southwestern Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Brazil
- Brazil Northeast
- Brazil South
- Brazil Southeast
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Caribbean
- Bermuda
- Haiti
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Western South America
- Colombia
-
Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000473231 |
| UNII | 2C839WQ03N |
| Flora of Alabama | 3647 |
| USDA Plants | PAOF |
| Tropicos | 33400018 |
| INPN | 112413 |
| Flora of Italy | 304 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854958-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2546423 |
| PFAF | Parietaria officinalis |
| Open Tree Of Life | 630642 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 13187 |
| NBN Atlas | NHMSYS0100002300 |
| Nature Serve | 2.155640 |
| IPNI | 854958-1 |
| iNaturalist | 84889 |
| GBIF | 5361803 |
| Freebase | /m/06tvns |
| EPPO | PAIOF |
| EOL | 594856 |
| USDA GRIN | 26765 |
| Wikipedia | Parietaria_officinalis |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Corynanthean-type alkaloids | |||||
| Methyl (2R)-2-[(2S,12bS)-3-ethenyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-2-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoate | 5321352 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80203-S |
| > Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Pentacarboxylic acids and derivatives | |||||
| 1-[(R)-carboxy-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethoxy]pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid | 163187445 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)OC(C(=O)O)ON2C(=CC(=C2C(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)O)O | 451.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80203-S |
| 1-[Carboxy-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]methoxy]pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid | 163014387 | Click to see | 451.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80203-S |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrroles / Pyrrole carboxylic acids and derivatives / Pyrrole carboxylic acids / Pyrrole 2-carboxylic acids | |||||
| Pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid | 150884 | Click to see | 155.11 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80203-S |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives | |||||
| Phaselic acid, (-)- | 92299542 | Click to see | 296.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80203-S |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | 51402807 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 139031044 | Click to see | 624.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| Astragalin | 5282102 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside | 5318767 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| Quercetin 3-sophoroside | 44259144 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 626.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| Rutin | 5280805 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
| Sophoraflavonoloside | 5282155 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50038A033 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |