Rhamnus prinoides, also known as the shiny-leaf buckthorn, is a shrub or small tree found in Africa. It was first described by French botanist Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle in 1789. This plant is commonly referred to as "gesho" and is found in countries such as Ethiopia, Eritrea, and South Africa at medium to high altitudes. It grows near streams and forest margins and produces small, edible red fruits. The plant has many uses, including for nutrition, medicine, and religious purposes. In Ethiopia and Eritrea, it is used in a similar way to hops and is used to make a fermented mead called tej or myes. It is also a key ingredient in the brewing of tella, a local beer in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The leaves of the plant are dried and ground into flour, which is then mixed with fermented barley malt and other ingredients to create the drink. Tella is also known as guesh or tsiray in Tigrinya.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Ziziphus lucida	Moon ex Thwaites	Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 74 1858
Ziziphus lucida	Moench	Suppl. Meth. : 101 (1802)
Rhamnus celtifolia	Thunb.	Prodr. Pl. Cap. : 44 (1794)
Rhamnus pauciflora	Hochst. ex A.Rich.	Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 137 (1847)
Alaternus prinoides	Raf.	Sylva Tellur. : 27 (1838)
Celtis rhamnifolia	C.Presl	Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. ser. 5, 3: 467. 1845 [Jul-Dec 1845] ; Bot. Bemerk. (C. Presl): 37. [Jan-Apr 1846]

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	blinkblaar
English	shiny-leaf buckthorn
Afrikaans	blinkblaar
Amharic	ጌሾ
German	gesho
German	afrikanischer faulbaum
French	gesho
Hebrew	גשו
Japanese	ラムヌス・プリノイデス
Korean	게쇼갈매나무
Kinyarwanda	umunanira

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Sudan
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Malawi
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces
  - Free State
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Lesotho
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Cameroon
  - Rwanda
  - Zaïre

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Yemen

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000460040
Tropicos	27500485
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1
The Plant List	kew-2522744
Open Tree Of Life	549751
NCBI Taxonomy	280022
IUCN Red List	146405653
IPNI	718580-1
iNaturalist	593043
GBIF	3875856
Freebase	/m/02q4cvd
EOL	5533896
USDA GRIN	31051
Wikipedia	Rhamnus_prinoides

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Medicinal ethnoveterinary plants used for treating livestock ailments in the omo-gibe and rift valley basins of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Bojago E, Abrham Y

BMC Vet Res

30-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11059770
doi:	10.1186/s12917-024-04019-6
PMID:	38689300

Traditional lore on the healing effects of therapeutic plants used by the local communities around Simien Mountains National Park, northwestern Ethiopia

Seraw E, Melkamu Y, Masresha G

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

17-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11025143
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00678-9
PMID:	38632559

Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and ethnomedicinal use of plants in the Tropical Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Tekalign W, Bojago E, Abrham Y

Heliyon

13-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10955238
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27528
PMID:	38515698

Medicinal Plants Used by Oromo Community in Kofale District, West-Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Nuro GB, Tolossa K, Giday M

J Exp Pharmacol

05-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10929209
doi:	10.2147/JEP.S449496
PMID:	38476311

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local Gamo people in Boreda Abaya District, Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia

Zemede J, Mekuria T, Ochieng CO, Onjalalaina GE, Hu GW

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

28-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10900619
doi:	10.1186/s13002-024-00666-z
PMID:	38419092

Characterization of Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from a Traditional Ethiopian Beverage, Tella

Yehuala GA, Shibeshi NT, Kim SH, Park MK

Foods

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10888401
doi:	10.3390/foods13040575
PMID:	38397552

HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches

Jocelyn, Nasution FM, Nasution NA, Asshiddiqi MH, Kimura NH, Siburian MH, Rusdi ZY, Munthe AR, Chairenza I, Ginting Munthe MC, Sianipar P, Gultom SP, Simamora D, Uswanas IR, Salim E, Khairunnisa K, Syahputra RA

Front Public Health

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10899510
doi:	10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297
PMID:	38420030

A review of the production, quality, and safety of traditionally fermented cereal‐based alcoholic beverages in Ethiopia

Alemu TT, Kuyu CG

Food Sci Nutr

13-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC11077225
doi:	10.1002/fsn3.4012
PMID:	38726402

Biodiversity and Structural Analysis of Woody Plant Species of Home Gardens in Basona Worana District, North Shoa Zone of Central Ethiopia

Woldeyohannes A, Moges A

Scientifica (Cairo)

08-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10869191
doi:	10.1155/2024/5563636
PMID:	38361969

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local people in Habru District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

Alemu M, Asfaw Z, Lulekal E, Warkineh B, Debella A, Sisay B, Debebe E

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10768247
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00644-x
PMID:	38178202

Phytochemical analysis, radical scavenging and glioblastoma U87 cells toxicity studies of stem bark of buckthorn (Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker)

Rehman YU, Iqbal A, Ali G, Alotaibi G, Ahmed A, Ayaz M

BMC Complement Med Ther

02-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10759440
doi:	10.1186/s12906-023-04309-w
PMID:	38167318

Ecological determinants in plant community structure across dry afromontane forest patches of Northwestern Ethiopia

Yinebeb M, Lulekal E, Bekele T

BMC Ecol Evol

04-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10694892
doi:	10.1186/s12862-023-02176-0
PMID:	38049737

Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plants Used by the Local Communities of Ameya District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Tadesse T, Teka A

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

01-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10708956
doi:	10.1155/2023/5961067
PMID:	38074846

Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plant knowledge among three ethnic groups in peri-urban areas of south-central Ethiopia

Tamene S, Negash M, Makonda FB, Chiwona-Karltun L, Kibret KS

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

23-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10668360
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00629-w
PMID:	37996915

An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Teshome M, Kebede F, Yohannes T

Scientifica (Cairo)

01-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10632060
doi:	10.1155/2023/5575405
PMID:	37946795

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes
(inverted exclamation markA)-Emodin bianthrone	12096290	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC(=C5)C)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)O)C=C(C=C3O)O	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
Emodin anthrone	122635	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2)C=C(C=C3O)O	256.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
Emodin Bianthrone	10097848	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2C4C5=C(C(=CC(=C5)C)O)C(=O)C6=C4C=C(C=C6O)O)C=C(C=C3O)O	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetyloxy-6-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	49798870	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-acetyloxy-2-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl] acetate	25107460	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)O	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-4-acetyloxy-6-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	49798829	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[2-(4,5-Dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	75072319	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)O)O	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[3-Acetyloxy-2-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl] acetate	163036775	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)O	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[4-Acetyloxy-6-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	56671064	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[4,5-Diacetyloxy-6-(4,5-diacetyloxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	75072320	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC(=O)C)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4OC(=O)C)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	626.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[5-Acetyloxy-6-(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	56677946	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C	500.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
2'-O-acetylfrangulin A	44567175	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)O)O	458.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
Frangulin A peracetate	44567176	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC(=O)C)C(=O)C4=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C4OC(=O)C)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	626.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
Glucofrangulin A	20054929	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C5=C(C3=O)C=C(C=C5O)C)O)O)O	578.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.4314/BCSE.V12I1.21033
Physcione	10639	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)OC	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
Emodin	3220	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)O	270.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
Emodin 1-O-beta-D-glucoside	5319333	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C4=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C4O)O	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.4314/BCSE.V12I1.21033
> Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthols and derivatives
Nepodin	100780	Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C(=CC=C2)O)C(=C1C(=O)C)O	216.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-diacetyloxy-6-[(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-10-oxo-9H-anthracen-2-yl)oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	101929525	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	528.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[3-acetyloxy-2-[(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-10-oxo-9H-anthracen-2-yl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl] acetate	14133336	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)O	486.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
[4,5-diacetyloxy-6-[(4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-10-oxo-9H-anthracen-2-yl)oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate	162867406	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C	528.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
4-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1H-benzo[f][2]benzofuran-3-one	74193110	Click to see C1C2=C(C(=C3C(=C2)C=CC=C3OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)C(=O)O1	378.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
Prinoidin	25107461	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)O)C(=O)C4=C(C3)C=C(C=C4O)C)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)O	486.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Quercetin	5280343	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O)O	302.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
Rhamnazin	5320945	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=C(C2=O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O	330.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00093-M https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
Rhamnocitrin	5320946	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=C(C2=O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Chryseriol	5280666	Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O	300.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Coumestans
1,3-Dihydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one	11602329	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C3=C(O2)C4=C(C=C(C=C4OC3=O)O)O)OC	328.27	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199903/04)10:2<69::AID-PCA447>3.0.CO;2-4

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections	0
In public collections	0

You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.

Rhamnus prinoides

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top