Combretum caffrum, also known as the Eastern Cape South African bushwillow tree, is a plant species found in the Eastern Cape region of South Africa. It is known for its biochemistry, specifically for containing compounds such as combretastatin A-4, A-1, and B-1. These compounds have been studied for their potential medicinal properties and have shown promising results in treating various diseases. C. caffrum is a valuable plant in the field of biochemistry and continues to be studied for its potential benefits.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Combretum salicifolium	E.Mey. ex Hook.	Hooker's Icon. Pl. 6: t. 592 (1843)
Dodonaea caffra	Eckl. & Zeyh.	Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. : 55 (1835)
Dodonaea conglomerata	Eckl. & Zeyh.	Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. : 55 (1835)
Dodonaea dubia	Eckl. & Zeyh.	Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. : 55 (1835)

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
English	cape bushwillow
Afrikaans	kaapse vaderlandsboswilg
Arabic	قمبريط جنوب أفريقي
Chinese	柳叶风车子
Chinese	南非灌木

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces

Links to other databases Top

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Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000616158
Tropicos	8200339
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169982-1
The Plant List	kew-2732470
Open Tree Of Life	543415
NCBI Taxonomy	507393
IUCN Red List	208458264
IPNI	169982-1
iNaturalist	430872
GBIF	3699709
Freebase	/m/0h379n
EOL	5426872
USDA GRIN	311504
Wikipedia	Combretum_caffrum
CMAUP	NPO32832

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Recent clinical trials and optical control as a potential strategy to develop microtubule-targeting drugs in colorectal cancer management

Kita K, Burdowski A

World J Gastroenterol

07-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11036503
doi:	10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1780
PMID:	38659489

Natural Products as Regulators against Matrix Metalloproteinases for the Treatment of Cancer

Islam MT, Jang NH, Lee HJ

Biomedicines

03-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11048580
doi:	10.3390/biomedicines12040794
PMID:	38672151

3,4-Diarylisoxazoles—Analogues of Combretastatin A-4: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation In Vitro and In Vivo

Karetnikov GL, Vasilyeva LA, Babayeva G, Pokrovsky VS, Skvortsov DA, Bondarenko OB

ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci

16-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10863432
doi:	10.1021/acsptsci.3c00239
PMID:	38357282

CYP1-Activation and Anticancer Properties of Synthetic Methoxylated Resveratrol Analogues

Ruparelia KC, Zeka K, Beresford KJ, Wilsher NE, Potter GA, Androutsopoulos VP, Brucoli F, Arroo RR

Molecules

15-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10818546
doi:	10.3390/molecules29020423
PMID:	38257336

Design, synthesis, and bioevaluation of 1h-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine derivatives as colchicine-binding site inhibitors with potent anticancer activities

Wang C, Zhang Y, Yang S, Shi L, Rong R, Zhang T, Wu Y, Xing D

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem

14-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10791102
doi:	10.1080/14756366.2024.2302320
PMID:	38221788

LC–MS profiling, in vitro and in silico C-ABL kinase inhibitory approach to identify potential anticancer agents from Dalbergia sissoo leaves

Naik HN, Kanjariya D, Parveen S, Ahmed I, Meena A, Patel H, Meena R, Jauhari S

Sci Rep

02-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10761914
doi:	10.1038/s41598-023-49995-1
PMID:	38167560

Recent updates on nano-phyto-formulations based therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment

WAHI A, BISHNOI M, RAINA N, SINGH MA, VERMA P, GUPTA PK, KAUR G, TULI HS, GUPTA M

Oncol Res

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10767243
doi:	10.32604/or.2023.042228
PMID:	38188681

Design, synthesis and antiproliferative screening of newly synthesized coumarin-acrylamide hybrids as potential cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing agents

Abd El-Lateef HM, Abdel Ghany LM, Saleem RM, Ahmed Maghrabi AH, Yahya Alahdal MA, Khalifa Ali EH, Beshay BY, Zaki I, Masoud RE

RSC Adv

06-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10626558
doi:	10.1039/d3ra06644d
PMID:	37936638

Identification of Novel β-Tubulin Inhibitors Using a Combined In Silico/In Vitro Approach

Horgan MJ, Zell L, Siewert B, Stuppner H, Schuster D, Temml V

J Chem Inf Model

29-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10598795
doi:	10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00939
PMID:	37774242

GC-ToF-MS Profiling and In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of Selected South African Plants against Important Mycotoxigenic Phytopathogens

Mariri NG, Dikhoba PM, Mongalo NI, Makhafola TJ

Life (Basel)

30-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10455341
doi:	10.3390/life13081660
PMID:	37629517

Dibenzo[b,f]oxepine Molecules Used in Biological Systems and Medicine

Krawczyk H

Int J Mol Sci

27-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10418896
doi:	10.3390/ijms241512066
PMID:	37569442

Therapeutic Potential and Predictive Pharmaceutical Modeling of Stilbenes in Cannabis sativa

O’Croinin C, Garcia Guerra A, Doschak MR, Löbenberg R, Davies NM

Pharmaceutics

12-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10386382
doi:	10.3390/pharmaceutics15071941
PMID:	37514127

Editorial: Re-emergence of natural products for drug discovery in honor of Prof. Dr. M. Iqbal Choudhary

Hussain H, Siddiqui H, Gerothanassis IP

Front Pharmacol

03-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10354788
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1227732
PMID:	37475715

Babesiosis: Current status and future perspectives in Pakistan and chemotherapy used in livestock and pet animals

Azhar M, Gadahi JA, Bhutto B, Tunio S, Vistro WA, Tunio H, Bhutto S, Ram T

Heliyon

18-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10333442
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17172
PMID:	37441378

Development of Phytochemical Delivery Systems by Nano-Suspension and Nano-Emulsion Techniques

Zuccari G, Alfei S

Int J Mol Sci

06-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10298078
doi:	10.3390/ijms24129824
PMID:	37372971

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Hydrophenanthrenes
2,7-Phenanthrenediol, 9,10-dihydro-3,4,6-trimethoxy-	181637	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C3C2=C1)OC)OC)O)O	302.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
3,4,6,7-Tetramethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthren-2-OL	14049975	Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3=CC(=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)O)OC	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
5,6,7-Trimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,3-diol	14049973	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)CCC3=CC(=C(C=C32)O)O)OC)OC	302.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
9,10-Dihydro-3,5,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthren-2-ol	14049974	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)CCC3=CC(=C(C=C32)OC)O)OC)OC	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
> Benzenoids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Phenanthrols
3,5,6,7-Tetramethoxyphenanthrene-2-ol	11141545	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C=CC3=CC(=C(C=C32)OC)O)OC)OC	314.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan lactones
(2R,4R)-13-hydroxy-3,6,15-trioxatetracyclo[14.2.2.110,14.02,4]henicosa-1(19),10(21),11,13,16(20),17-hexaen-7-one	71719106	Click to see C1CC(=O)OCC2C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=C(C=CC1=C4)O	312.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00296A043
Combretastatin D-1	353314	Click to see C1CC(=O)OCC2C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=C(C=CC1=C4)O	312.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00296A043 https://doi.org/10.1021/JA00233A037
Combretastatin D1	5173439	Click to see C1CC(=O)OCC2C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=C(C=CC1=C4)O	312.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JA00233A037
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Acacetin	5280442	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O	284.26	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50051A008
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Macrolides and analogues
Combretastatin D-2	11779322	Click to see C1CC(=O)OCC=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC3=C(C=CC1=C3)O	296.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00296A043
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Stilbenes
1,2-Benzenediol, 3-methoxy-6-(2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-	135716	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O)O	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50049A016
2-methoxy-5-[(E)-2-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)ethenyl]phenol	5386527	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC)OCO3)O	300.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V87-399
3-methoxy-6-[(E)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,2-diol	6078282	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V88-071 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28175-4_2 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50049A016 https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200622201
4-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]phenol	146634	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)CCC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)OC	258.31	unknown	via CMAUP database
5-[(E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dimethoxyphenol	5386529	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)O)OC	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JM00010A011
5-[2-(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,3-dimethoxyphenol	11722558	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)O)O	304.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V87-399
Benzene, 4-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-1,2-dimethoxy-	14079759	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=CC(=C2)OC)OC)OC	302.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Chrysotobibenzyl	3086528	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)OC	332.40	unknown	via CMAUP database
Combretastatin	9895264	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC(C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O)O	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V88-071 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50051A008 https://doi.org/10.1139/V82-202
Combretastatin	100154	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC(C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O)O	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50051A008
Combretastatin A-1	5458993	Click to see COC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28175-4_2 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50049A016 https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.200622201 https://doi.org/10.1139/V88-071
Combretastatin A-2	11779540	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2)OC)OCO3)O	300.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V87-399
Combretastatin A3	6444140	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)O)O	302.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1139/V87-399 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01954881
Combretastatin A4	5351344	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01954881 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199302000-00002 https://doi.org/10.1021/JM00010A011
Combretastatin A5	5386528	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)O)OC	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01954881 https://doi.org/10.1021/JM00010A011
Combretastatin B-3	122775	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O	304.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50051A008 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
Combretastatin B-4	146633	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1)CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)OC	274.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50051A008 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
E-Combretastatin A-4	5386397	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CC2=CC(=C(C(=C2)OC)OC)OC)O	316.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JM00010A011 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01954881
Isoamoenylin	3084744	Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)CCC2=CC=C(C=C2)O	288.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
Phenol, 5-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-2-methoxy-	152354	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=C(C=C2)OC)OC)O	288.34	unknown	via CMAUP database
Phenol, 5-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-2-methoxy-	153349	Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CCC2=CC(=CC(=C2)OC)OC)O	288.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50057A011
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
2,3,8-Tri-O-methylellagic acid	5281860	Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)O)C(=O)O2)OC	344.30	unknown	via CMAUP database

Biological Material Top

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Combretum caffrum

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top