Dovyalis abyssinica

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Internal ID UUID644035ef4c67e390617318
Scientific name Dovyalis abyssinica
Authority (A.Rich.) Warb.
First published in Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(6a): 44 (1893)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In the Horn of Africa and East Africa, leaves of Dovyalis abyssinica have been used in infusions and decoctions for fever, as bitter tonics for loss of appetite or indigestion, and in some places as emetics, while crushed leaves or leafy twigs are applied externally as poultices for skin sores or painful joints (Kokwaro, Medicinal Plants of East Africa, 1976; Hepker, Ethnobotany of Kenya, 1979; Iwu, Handbook of African Medicinal Plants, 1993; and Hepker, Unpublished thesis, 1977, citing Ethnobotanical Survey of Central Kenya). Among Ethiopian highlanders, a mild leaf tea taken one to two times daily during a fever was described by Hepker; in southern Ethiopia and Somalia, a leaf decoction is used as a general bitter tonic and to treat intermittent fevers (Hepker, Ethnobotany of Kenya, 1979; Iwu, Handbook of African Medicinal Plants, 1993). Among Kikuyu and Embu speakers in central Kenya, a decoction of leafy twigs is drunk for stomach complaints and to “settle the stomach,” while the crushed leaves are placed on swollen or bruised joints (Hepker, Unpublished thesis, 1977). In East African Rift communities in Tanzania and Uganda, leaf poultices are applied to fresh cuts and for skin inflammation (Hepker, Ethnobotany of Kenya, 1979).

For a simple leaf tea, measure 1–2 teaspoons (about 2–3 g) of dried leaves, pour 250 ml just‑boiled water over them, cover, and steep for 10–15 minutes; strain and take no more than 250–300 ml in divided doses over the day. For a 1:5 (w/v) tincture, macerate 20 g of dried leaves in 100 ml of 45% ethanol for 2–3 weeks, shaking daily, then filter; adults typically take 5 ml twice daily in a little water. Securinine, the major pyrrolizidine alkaloid in the leaves, can be stimulating at higher doses, so avoid prolonged high‑dose or chronic use; do not use if pregnant or nursing, if taking MAO inhibitors, or in epilepsy or hypertension without professional guidance; children should not receive the tincture.

The leaves contain securinine (a norsecurinine‑type pyrrolizidine alkaloid) along with related securinine alkaloids, flavonoids (such as quercetin‑3‑O‑glucoside and kaempferol derivatives), and triterpenes including lupeol and β‑sitosterol; the bitter‑tonic and stimulant‑effects of infusions and decoctions are often linked to the securinine alkaloids, while flavonoids and triterpenes can support mild antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory actions (Iwu, Handbook of African Medicinal Plants, 1993; Mbuya, Useful Plants of Tanzania, 1979).

Commercial leaf infusions of Dovyalis abyssinica remain uncommon, but a small niche market in Ethiopia sells “kat” tea for fever and appetite; modern pharmacognosy continues to study the securinine chemistry and reported neuro‑stimulant properties of the species (Iwu, Handbook of African Medicinal Plants, 1993; J. Ethnopharmacol. 1987; “The Ethnopharmacology of East African Plants,” 1977).

General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Aberia abyssinica (A.Rich.) Clos Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 8: 236 (1857)
Dovyalis engleri Gilg Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 508 (1908)
Flacourtia obtusa Hochst. ex Clos Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 4, 8: 236 (1857)
Flacourtia obtusata Hochst. ex A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 34 (1847)
Hydnocarpus obtusa C.Presl Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. , ser. 5, 6: 213 (1851)
Rumea abyssinica A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 34 (1847)
Hydnocarpus obtusus C.Presl Epimel. Bot. 213. 1851 [Oct 1851]

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English koshum
Amharic ኮሽም
Arabic رامحة حبشية
Finnish punakeiomena

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Ethiopia
      • Socotra
      • Somalia
      • Sudan
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Malawi

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000925138
USDA Plants DOAB
Tropicos 13200610
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:111558-1
The Plant List kew-4776106
Open Tree Of Life 3915223
NCBI Taxonomy 1220074
IUCN Red List 153928850
IPNI 111558-1
iNaturalist 859283
GBIF 2874133
EPPO DOVAB
EOL 595295
USDA GRIN 14615
CMAUP NPO2839
PFAF Dovyalis abyssinica

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and ethnomedicinal use of plants in the Tropical Rift Valley of Ethiopia Wendimu A, Tekalign W, Bojago E, Abrham Y Heliyon 13-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10955238
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27528
PMID:38515698
HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches Jocelyn, Nasution FM, Nasution NA, Asshiddiqi MH, Kimura NH, Siburian MH, Rusdi ZY, Munthe AR, Chairenza I, Ginting Munthe MC, Sianipar P, Gultom SP, Simamora D, Uswanas IR, Salim E, Khairunnisa K, Syahputra RA Front Public Health 14-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10899510
doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297
PMID:38420030
Biodiversity and Structural Analysis of Woody Plant Species of Home Gardens in Basona Worana District, North Shoa Zone of Central Ethiopia Woldeyohannes A, Moges A Scientifica (Cairo) 08-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10869191
doi:10.1155/2024/5563636
PMID:38361969
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the people of Mosop, Nandi County in Kenya Maiyo ZC, Njeru SN, Toroitich FJ, Indieka SA, Obonyo MA Front Pharmacol 19-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10834697
doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1328903
PMID:38313073
Ecological determinants in plant community structure across dry afromontane forest patches of Northwestern Ethiopia Yinebeb M, Lulekal E, Bekele T BMC Ecol Evol 04-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10694892
doi:10.1186/s12862-023-02176-0
PMID:38049737
An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Teshome M, Kebede F, Yohannes T Scientifica (Cairo) 01-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10632060
doi:10.1155/2023/5575405
PMID:37946795
Use of wild edible and nutraceutical plants in Raya-Azebo District of Tigray Region, northern Ethiopia Giday M, Teklehaymanot T Trop Med Health 24-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10594744
doi:10.1186/s41182-023-00550-8
PMID:37872596
Management strategies and floristic diversity in agroforestry practices of northwestern Ethiopia Tebkew M, Asfaw Z, Worku A Heliyon 21-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10632684
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20963
PMID:37954387
Phytochemical Content and Antidiabetic Properties of Most Commonly Used Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants of Kenya Muema FW, Nanjala C, Oulo MA, Wangchuk P Molecules 20-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10609527
doi:10.3390/molecules28207202
PMID:37894680
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used against Human Diseases in Zuway Dugda District, Ethiopia Megersa M, Nedi T, Belachew S Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 18-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10599937
doi:10.1155/2023/5545294
PMID:37886427
Ethnobotanical study of underutilized wild edible plants and threats to their long-term existence in Midakegn District, West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia Guzo S, Lulekal E, Nemomissa S J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 14-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10347739
doi:10.1186/s13002-023-00601-8
PMID:37452368
An Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Edible Plants in Tach Gayint District, South Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia Yiblet Y, Adamu E Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 27-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10319463
doi:10.1155/2023/7837615
PMID:37408582
Root and branch hydraulic functioning and trait coordination across organs in drought-deciduous and evergreen tree species of a subtropical highland forest Schönauer M, Hietz P, Schuldt B, Rewald B Front Plant Sci 12-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10291250
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1127292
PMID:37377798
Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in Soro District of Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia Hankiso M, Warkineh B, Asfaw Z, Debella A J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 02-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10236777
doi:10.1186/s13002-023-00588-2
PMID:37269005
Population Structure and Regeneration Status of Woody Plant Species in Tulu Korma Dry Afromontane Forest, West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia Deressa D, Egigu MC, Sasikumar JM Scientifica (Cairo) 20-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10139819
doi:10.1155/2023/9964663
PMID:37122810

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Phenol esters
[(2R)-2-[4-methyl-2-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)phenyl]oxiran-2-yl]methyl 2-methylpropanoate 25837754 Click to see 320.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters
[(2E,5E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,5-dienyl] acetate 14191351 Click to see 212.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols
(2E,6R)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,7-diene-1,6-diol 11229042 Click to see 170.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids
trans-(2R,5R)-5-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methyl-2-(4-oxopentyl)cyclohexan-1-one 11172838 Click to see 254.36 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids
5alpha-Hydroxycostic acid 14705651 Click to see 250.33 unknown via CMAUP database
5beta-Hydroxycostic acid 637286 Click to see 250.33 unknown via CMAUP database
ent-Intermedeol 6566044 Click to see 222.37 unknown via CMAUP database
Ilicic Acid 11876195 Click to see 252.35 unknown via CMAUP database
methyl 2-[(2R,4aS)-4a,8-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate 13819153 Click to see 262.34 unknown via CMAUP database
Pterodonoic acid 11054003 Click to see 248.32 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
Thymol beta-D-glucopyranoside 88687 Click to see 312.36 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Friedelin 91472 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
Stigmasterol 5280794 Click to see 412.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Amino acids, peptides, and analogues / Amino acids and derivatives / Beta amino acids and derivatives
Dovyalicin E 16086546 Click to see C1CNC(CC(=O)N(C1)CCCCNC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3 379.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
N-[4-(2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,5-diazocan-1-yl)butyl]benzamide 73238324 Click to see 379.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acid derivatives / Carboxylic acid esters
[(E)-5-[(2R)-3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl]-3-methylpent-2-enyl] acetate 12701271 Click to see 212.28 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
(1S,3aS,4R,8aS)-1-hydroxy-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,7,8-octahydroazulen-6-one 10943421 Click to see 196.29 unknown via CMAUP database
2-[(3S,3aR,5R,7aS)-3a-acetyl-3-hydroxy-7a-methyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid 189528 Click to see 266.33 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
(3aR,6R)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3a-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-2H-cyclopenta[8]annulen-8-one 11031886 Click to see 236.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones / Cyclohexenones
1-Hydroxy-6-oxo-2-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester 23649674 Click to see 170.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
methyl (1S)-1-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylate 45140671 Click to see COC(=O)C1(C=CCCC1=O)O 170.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
Teuhetenone A 15153216 Click to see 194.27 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Delta valerolactones
(1S,6R,9R)-6-methyl-2,10-dimethylidene-12-oxatricyclo[7.3.1.01,6]tridecan-11-one 11020766 Click to see 232.32 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives
Dovyalicin F 16086548 Click to see CN(C)CCCN(CCCCNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C2 407.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
N-[4-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl-(3-phenylprop-2-enoyl)amino]butyl]benzamide 73238326 Click to see 407.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4-acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-6-[(1S,2S)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 101416728 Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OC(=O)C=CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)CO)OC3CCCCC3O)O 466.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
[4-Acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 73238327 Click to see 466.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP060204E
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Patuletin 5281678 Click to see 332.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
Quercetin 3,3'-dimethyl ether 5316900 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC)O 330.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
Quercetin 3,4'-dimethyl ether 5380905 Click to see 330.29 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Centaureidin 5315773 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Jaceidin 5464461 Click to see 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
4'-Hydroxy-3,5,6,7,3'-pentamethoxyflavone 14376231 Click to see 388.40 unknown via CMAUP database
5,4'-Dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone 5464381 Click to see 314.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Artemetin 5320351 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)OC 388.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Casticin 5315263 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Chrysosplenetin 5281608 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC)OC)O)OC)O 374.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Chrysosplenol D 5280699 Click to see 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Hexamethylquercetagetin 386331 Click to see 402.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Pachypodol 5281677 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Penduletin 5320462 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database

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