Wood and fiber:
Calophyllum calaba yields a dense, strong timber known as calaba or Santa Maria. It is used for heavy construction, flooring, railway sleepers, heavy furniture, and cabinetmaking, and is listed as a source of plywood and construction timbers in tropical regions. The wood is valued for durability and resistance to abrasion, with air-dry densities typically around 0.8–0.9 g/cm³, moderate-to-high shrinkage, and straight to interlocked grain; it planes well and turns readily, making it suitable for flooring and turned items. The tree is also reported as a source of pulpwood and is listed among tropical species used for kraft pulp and paper. In some distribution areas, the wood is noted as suitable for shipbuilding, bridges, and decorative veneers when logs are of adequate size.

Industrial and craft applications:
The wood’s hardness and dimensional stability suit it for heavy-duty flooring, bridges, and industrial carpentry. It can be sliced into veneers for decorative work when straight grain and clear logs are available.

Properties relevant to use:
High density and good strength, with moderate-to-high shrinkage requiring careful drying; resistance to abrasion and good workability support its use in flooring, furniture, and sleepers.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species occurs in secondary forests and is harvested locally. Its woodworking properties make it attractive for value-added products; sustainable extraction and controlled turnover are advisable to maintain availability.

References:
Tropical Timbers (revised edition); W.D. Brush, Revised World Woods; H.G. Richter & M.J. Dallwitz, Commercial Timbers; Chudnoff; CRFG; NTFP database.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Calophyllum burmanni	Wight	Ill. Ind. Bot. 1: 129 (1840)
Calophyllum burmanni var. parvifolium	Wight	Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 1: t. 107 1839
Calophyllum retusum	Wall. ex Planch. & Triana	Numer. List [Wallich] n. 4848. 1831; Planch. & Triana, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. IV. xv. (1861) 265.

Common names Top

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Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Calophyllum calaba var. bracteatum	(Wight) P.F.Stevens	J. Arnold Arbor. 61: 261 (1980)
Calophyllum calaba var. cuneatum	(Symington ex M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm.) P.F.Stevens	J. Arnold Arbor. 61: 267 (1980)
Calophyllum calaba var. calaba		Unknown

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Sumatera

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000581073
Tropicos	7800683
INPN	779750
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427119-1
The Plant List	kew-2693247
Open Tree Of Life	736767
NCBI Taxonomy	883767
IPNI	427119-1
GBIF	5421070
Freebase	/m/010xftd9
EPPO	CMUCA
USDA GRIN	8628
Wikipedia	Calophyllum_calaba

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Plant Foliar Geometry as a Biomimetic Template for Antenna Design

Lozano JI, Panduro MA, Méndez-Alonzo R, Alonso-Arevalo MA, Conte R, Reyna A

Biomimetics (Basel)

07-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10669502
doi:	10.3390/biomimetics8070531
PMID:	37999172

Cytotoxic Metabolites from Calophyllum tacamahaca Willd.: Isolation and Detection through Feature-Based Molecular Networking

Gerometta E, Herbette G, Garayev E, Marvilliers A, Naubron JV, Di Giorgio C, Campos PE, Clerc P, Ledoux A, Frederich M, Baghdikian B, Grondin I, Gauvin-Bialecki A

Metabolites

23-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10222348
doi:	10.3390/metabo13050582
PMID:	37233623

Do carbon stocks and floristic diversity of tropical homegardens vary along an elevational gradient and based on holding size in central Kerala, India?

Kumar BM

Agrofor Syst

07-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10081327
doi:	10.1007/s10457-023-00821-7
PMID:	37193256

A Refined Methodology for Defining Plant Communities Using Postagricultural Data from the Neotropics

Myster RW

ScientificWorldJournal

12-Mar-2012

PMCID:	PMC3317650
doi:	10.1100/2012/365409
PMID:	22536137

Microthia, Holocryphia and Ursicollum, three new genera on Eucalyptus and Coccoloba for fungi previously known as Cryphonectria

Gryzenhout M, Myburg H, Hodges CS, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ

Stud Mycol

01-Jan-2006

PMCID:	PMC2104726
doi:	10.3114/sim.55.1.35
PMID:	18490970

Composition of fatty acids triacylglycerols and unsaponifiable matter in Calophyllum calaba L. oil from Guadeloupe.

Crane S, Aurore G, Joseph H, Mouloungui Z, Bourgeois P

Phytochemistry

01-Aug-2005

doi:	10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
PMID:	16045947

Bark acids of seven Calophyllum species (Guttiferae)

Upasiri Samaraweera, Subramaniam Sotheeswaran, M. Uvais S. Sultanbawa, Sinnathamby Balasubramaniam

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

26-Apr-2004

doi:	10.1039/P19830000703

Chemical investigation of ceylonese plants. Part I. Extractives of Calophyllum calaba L. and Calophyllum bracteatum Thw. (Guttiferae)

R. Somanathan, M. U. S. Sultanbawa

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

23-Apr-2004

doi:	10.1039/P19720001935

Calocalabaxanthone, the putative isoprenyl precursor of calabaxanthone from Calophyllum calaba

Vijaya Kumar, Subramaniam Sotheeswaran, Sivagnanasundram Surendrakumar, Sinnathamby Balasubramaniam

Elsevier BV

25-Jul-2002

doi:	10.1016/0031-9422(82)83202-0

Xanthones from roots of three calophyllum species

H.Ranjith W. Dharmaratne, Subramaniam Sotheeswaran, Sinnathamby Balasubramaniam, Johannes Reisch

Elsevier BV

25-Jul-2002

doi:	10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81183-8

Terpenoid and biflavonoid constituents of Calophyllum calaba and Garcinia spicata from Sri Lanka

A.A.Leslie Gunatilaka, A.M.Y.Jasmin De Silva, Subramaniam Sotheeswaran, Sinnathamby Balasubramaniam, Mohamed I.M. Wazeer

Elsevier BV

25-Jul-2002

doi:	10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids
(2R)-2-[(E)-dec-1-enyl]tetradecanoic acid	154497087	Click to see	366.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
cis-11-Eicosenoic acid	5282768	Click to see	310.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
Eicosanoic Acid	10467	Click to see	312.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Very long-chain fatty acids
Erucic Acid	5281116	Click to see	338.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
Nervonic Acid	5281120	Click to see CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O	366.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.06.009
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(3S,4aR,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol	11876268	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
(4aS,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one	11877464	Click to see	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
4,4,6a,8a,11,11,12b,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14,14a,14b-icosahydropicen-3-ol	344467	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
D-Friedoolean-14-en-3-one	500344	Click to see	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Diterpene lactones
5'-hydroxy-1',1',4'a,6,7,7',8'a-heptamethylspiro[3H-furo[3,2-c]pyran-2,8'-5,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-4bH-phenanthrene]-2',4-dione	162958386	Click to see	438.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(3S,4R,4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aS,14bS)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4a,6a,6b,11,11,14a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol	162979969	Click to see	444.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
Canophyllal	12302400	Click to see CC1C(=O)CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C=O)C)C)C)C	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
Canophyllol	7330581	Click to see	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
CID 12082783	12082783	Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C)O	458.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
D:A-Friedooleanan-28-al, 3-oxo-	586214	Click to see	440.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
D:A-Friedooleanan-3-one, 28-hydroxy-	623591	Click to see CC1C(=O)CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)CO)C)C)C)C	442.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
Friedelan-3-one	244297	Click to see	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	162965374	Click to see	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Pyranochromenes
3-(5-Hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)-3-phenylpropanoic acid	12302861	Click to see	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
3-[(7R,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]hexanoic acid	3012916	Click to see CCCC(CC(=O)O)C1=C2C(=C(C3=C1OC(C(C3=O)C)C)O)C=CC(O2)(C)C	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19830000703
CID 91895379	91895379	Click to see	388.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19830000703
Isochapelieric acid	133556240	Click to see	422.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
methyl (3R)-3-[(7S,8R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]-3-phenylpropanoate	163068523	Click to see	436.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
methyl (3R)-3-[(7S,8S)-5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl]-3-phenylpropanoate	163068521	Click to see CC1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C(=C3C=CC(OC3=C2C(CC(=O)OC)C4=CC=CC=C4)(C)C)O)C	436.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
Methyl 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethyl-6-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-10-yl)-3-phenylpropanoate	74977400	Click to see	436.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones
(2R)-4-(8-hydroxy-4-methoxy-9-oxoxanthen-3-yl)-2-methylbutanoic acid	162893765	Click to see	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
1,5,6-Trihydroxyxanthone	5281652	Click to see C1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C=CC(=C3O)O)O	244.20	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
1,8-Dimethoxy-2-hydroxyxanthone	493307	Click to see	272.25	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
2,8-Dihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone	5464640	Click to see	258.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
4-(8-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-9-oxoxanthen-3-yl)-2-methylbutanoic acid	12315435	Click to see	342.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
6-(3,3-Dimethylallyl)-1,5-dihydroxyxanthone	5281624	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C3=C(C=CC=C3O2)O)O)C	296.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
Buchanaxanthone	5481840	Click to see	258.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / 4-prenylated xanthones
Trapezifolixanthone	188341	Click to see	378.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81183-8
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / 8-prenylated xanthones
1,3-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthen-9-one	163035388	Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC2=C1C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)CC=C(C)C)O)OC)C	394.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81183-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)83202-0
Calabaxanthone	341188	Click to see	392.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81183-8 https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones / Pyranoxanthones
6-Deoxyjacareubin	5281629	Click to see	310.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
Jacareubin	5281644	Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=C3C(=C2O)C(=O)C4=C(O3)C(=C(C=C4)O)O)C	326.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/P19720001935
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids
Amentoflavone	5281600	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4=C(C=CC(=C4)C5=CC(=O)C6=C(C=C(C=C6O5)O)O)O)O	538.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80326-X

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Calophyllum calaba

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top