Stachys annua
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fed4d7c863148714692 |
| Scientific name | Stachys annua |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 813 (1763) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Ornamental potted plants and garden starters sold by nurseries for rock‑garden, meadow‑mix, and pollinator‑friendly plantings.
- Cut‑flower stems for small‑scale garden arrangements and seasonal displays.
- Packeted seed marketed in wild‑flower and pollinator‑habitat seed mixes for home and restoration projects.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Included in beekeeping reference guides as a minor nectar source for honeybees, contributing to multifloral honey production in temperate regions.
- Used in ecological restoration and meadow‑creation projects to provide early‑summer floral resources that support a range of pollinating insects.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Above‑ground biomass yields an essential oil with a characteristic composition: α‑pinene (≈10 % of oil), β‑pinene (≈7 %), limonene (≈6 %), β‑caryophyllene (≈12 %), and linalool (≈3 %). These constituents are of interest to fragrance formulators and aromatherapists for their citrus‑woody aroma profile.
Properties relevant to use:
- An erect annual herb reaching 20–60 cm; produces numerous small (≈1 mm long) seeds that remain viable under cool, dry storage for several years.
- Flowering period June–September, with dense clusters of pink‑white corollas that attract bees, hoverflies, and small butterflies.
- Tolerates a wide range of well‑drained soils from sandy loams to loamy clays; performs best in full sun to light shade and shows moderate drought tolerance once established.
- Seed germination rates of 80–90 % under standard ISTA conditions (15 °C–20 °C, 12‑hour photoperiod) make it a reliable component of commercial seed mixes.
Standards and regulation:
- Seed for horticultural use must comply with ISTA and ISO 24333 standards for germination percentage, purity, and moisture content.
- Ornamental cultivars may be protected under the European Community Plant Variety Rights (CPVR) scheme; United States seed sales follow the Federal Seed Act and state seed certification programs.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and widely distributed across temperate Europe and western Asia; wild populations are abundant.
- Commercial propagation is primarily from cultivated seed stocks, reducing pressure on wild populations; seed collection from the wild is rarely required.
- Its role in pollinator‑support plantings aligns with sustainable horticulture practices, contributing to biodiversity while providing a non‑invasive ornamental option.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Olisia annua | Fourr. | Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 17: 136 (1869) |
| Prasium stachydium | E.H.L.Krause | Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. , ed. 2, 11: 115 (1903) |
| Sideritis trinervia | Gilib. | Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 81 (1782) |
| Stachys betonica | Crantz | Stirp. Austr. Fasc. , ed. 2, 2: 264 (1769) |
| Betonica annua | L. | Sp. Pl. : 578 (1753) |
| Stachys annua var. maxima | K.Koch | Linnaea 17: 299. 1844 |
| Betonica annua var. glabra | L. | Sp. Pl. 573. 1753 |
| Betonica annua var. hirsuta | L. | Sp. Pl. 574. 1753 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | annual hedgenettle |
| English | annual woundwort |
| English | annual yellow woundwort |
| Spanish | hierba vellosa |
| Spanish | herba vellosa |
| Spanish | betónica anual |
| Belarusian | Чысцік аднагадовы |
| Bulgarian | едногодишен ранилист |
| Czech | čistec roční |
| Welsh | briwlys unflwydd |
| German | einjähriger ziest |
| Estonian | üheaastane nõianõges |
| Finnish | keltapähkämö |
| French | Épiaire annuelle |
| French | epiaire annuelle |
| Upper Sorbian | lěćna přeslička |
| Hungarian | egynyári tisztesfű |
| Armenian | աբեղախոտ միամյա |
| Macedonian | Едногодишен чистец |
| Dutch | zomerandoorn |
| Polish | czyściec roczny |
| Russian | Чистец однолетний |
| Swedish | gulsyska |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Stachys annua subsp. ammophila | (Boiss. & Blanche) Sam. | Ark. Bot. , a.s., 5: 376 (1960) |
| Stachys annua subsp. annua | Unknown | |
| Stachys annua subsp. cilicica | (Boiss.) R.Bhattacharjee | Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 289 (1974) |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
-
Russian Far East
- Amur
- Primorye
-
Siberia
- Altay
- Krasnoyarsk
- Tuva
- West Siberia
-
Western Asia
- Cyprus
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- Krym
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
-
Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
-
Northern Europe
- Great Britain
-
Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Romania
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
-
Southwestern Europe
- France
- Spain
-
Eastern Europe
-
Northern America click to expand
-
Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
-
North-central U.S.A.
- Kansas
-
Northeastern U.S.A.
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- New Jersey
- New York
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
-
Southeastern U.S.A.
- Virginia
-
Eastern Canada
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000313685 |
| Canadensys | 6460 |
| USDA Plants | STAN |
| Tropicos | 17600674 |
| INPN | 124741 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:459300-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-194778 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 3882729 |
| Observations.org | 7513 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1391948 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000004229 |
| Nature Serve | 2.153218 |
| IPNI | 459300-1 |
| iNaturalist | 169308 |
| GBIF | 2927235 |
| EPPO | STAAN |
| EOL | 579666 |
| Elurikkus | 7453 |
| USDA GRIN | 316844 |
| Wikipedia | Stachys_annua |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Colensane and clerodane diterpenoids | |||||
| (2S,4S,4aS,6R,7S,8R,8aS)-8-[(3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-enyl]-4,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a-octahydronaphthalene-2,6-diol | 163068921 | Click to see | 324.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563916 |
| [(2R,3R,4S,4aS,8aR)-4-[(3S)-3-acetyloxy-3-methylpent-4-enyl]-3,4,8,8a-tetramethyl-6-oxo-2,3,4a,5-tetrahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl] acetate | 163061983 | Click to see CC1C(CC2(C(C1(C)CCC(C)(C=C)OC(=O)C)CC(=O)C=C2C)C)OC(=O)C | 404.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| [(2R,3R,4S,4aS,8aR)-4-[(3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-enyl]-3,4,8,8a-tetramethyl-6-oxo-2,3,4a,5-tetrahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl] acetate | 163017827 | Click to see | 362.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| [(3S)-5-[(1S,2R,3R,4aR,8aS)-3-hydroxy-1,2,4a,5-tetramethyl-7-oxo-3,4,8,8a-tetrahydro-2H-naphthalen-1-yl]-3-methylpent-1-en-3-yl] acetate | 162934689 | Click to see CC1C(CC2(C(C1(C)CCC(C)(C=C)OC(=O)C)CC(=O)C=C2C)C)O | 362.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| 6-(Acetyloxy)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-pentenyl)-4,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-2(1H)-naphthalenone | 3084083 | Click to see CC1C(CC2(C(C1(C)CCC(C)(C=C)O)CC(=O)C=C2C)C)OC(=O)C | 362.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| 6-hydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-enyl)-4,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8a-tetrahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-one | 3815687 | Click to see | 320.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563888 |
| 8-(3-(Acetyloxy)-3-methyl-4-pentenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-4,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-2(1H)-naphthalenone | 3084085 | Click to see | 362.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| 8-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-enyl)-4,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a-octahydronaphthalene-2,6-diol | 163068920 | Click to see CC1CC(CC2C1(CC(C(C2(C)CCC(C)(C=C)O)C)O)C)O | 324.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563916 |
| Stachysolon, diacetate | 3084084 | Click to see | 404.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564907 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| (7aR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-1a,2,3,4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa[h]azulen-7-ol | 5321422 | Click to see | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.201400275 |
| Spathulenol | 92231 | Click to see CC1(C2C1C3C(CCC3(C)O)C(=C)CC2)C | 220.35 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.201400275 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563888 |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00563888 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
| Baicalein | 5281605 | Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)O)O | 270.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564315 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 102148715 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568407 |
| 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 59991314 | Click to see | 624.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568407 |
| 7-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 13917532 | Click to see | 610.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568407 |
| 7-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 14802391 | Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 624.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568407 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Scutellarein 4'-methyl ether | 11174076 | Click to see | 300.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569018 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |