Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400cf835601134119921
Scientific name Bersama abyssinica
Authority Fresen.
First published in Mus. Senckenberg. 2: 281 (1837)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

Suggest a correction!
Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Ethnobotanical uses of Bersama abyssinica have been recorded across several East African communities and southern Africa, where infusions and decoctions of different plant parts are prepared. Among the Lango of northern Uganda, a leaf infusion is taken to treat malaria, while a root decoction is used to treat stomach problems and fevers (Tabuti et al., 2003). In parts of Ethiopia, a leaf decoction is given to mothers after childbirth to promote uterine contraction and expel the placenta (Bekele, 2007), and leaf infusions are used for fever (Nyangeri et al., 2010). In the Eastern Cape, South Africa, infusion of the roots or bark is used for abdominal pain and intestinal worms, and pounded leaf poultices are applied to wounds and sore joints (Steenkamp, 2003). Among the Zulu and related southern African groups, bark infusions are used to treat stomach aches and dysentery (Hutchings, 1996). In Botswana and adjacent regions, a stem or bark infusion is taken for coughs and colds (Flying Pharmacy, 2018).

As a practical recipe, a mild leaf tea is traditionally prepared by boiling about 2–3 g of fresh leaves in 1 cup (≈250 mL) of water for 10–15 minutes, straining, and drinking half a cup once or twice daily. For a simple bark infusion used for stomach complaints, simmer about 5 g of dried bark in 250 mL of water for 20 minutes, cool, and drink no more than one cup per day. Use caution: while these preparations are widely reported, species of Bersama are not commonly listed in mainstream pharmacopeias, and pregnant and nursing women should avoid them due to uterotonic activity noted in traditional use (Bekele, 2007).

Well-established phytochemicals reported in B. abyssinica include alkaloids (notably alkaloidal diterpenes such as the lucanthones), tannins, and flavonoids. These classes plausibly account for the widely reported uses in gastrointestinal and infectious contexts (Msonthi and Sekheti, 1991; Hannington et al., 1998). Modern relevance remains grounded in local and regional practice; however, commercial availability is limited and recent pharmacological studies continue to explore analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities linked to the same compound classes identified in ethnobotanical records (Msonthi and Sekheti, 1991).

General Uses Top

Suggest a correction!

Common products:
Poles, posts, tool handles, flooring, and fuelwood.

Wood and fiber:
The wood is used for construction timber, poles, posts, tool handles, flooring, and occasionally furniture. It is also utilized as fuelwood and for charcoal production. In parts of Ethiopia it serves as live fencing and for hedgerows; wood splitting is commonly used for fencing and posts. In Uganda it is employed as live fencing for livestock and as a hedge plant. No specific mechanical data are reported in the reviewed sources.

Standards and regulation:
No standards specific to this timber were identified in the reviewed sources.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Bersama chloroleuca Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 414 (1917)
Bersama coriacea Baker f. J. Bot. 45: 15 (1907)
Bersama engleri Gürke ex Engl. Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1891(2): 293, nomen. 1892
Bersama erythrocarpa Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 395 (1917)
Bersama gallensis Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 403 (1917)
Bersama giuliarellii Chiov. Atti Reale Accad. Italia, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis. 11: 26 (1940)
Bersama goetzei Gürke Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 424 (1901)
Bersama gracilipes Mildbr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 668 (1932)
Bersama hebecalyx Gilg & Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 414 (1917)
Bersama holstii Gürke Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 47: 36 (1894)
Bersama integrifolia A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 107 (1847)
Bersama jaegeri Gilg & Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 394 (1917)
Bersama kandtii Gilg & Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 402 (1917)
Bersama magnifica A.Chev. Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. xxxi. 386 (1951), sine descr. lat.
Bersama ninagongensis Gürke Wiss. Erg. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 2: 483 (1912)
Bersama serrata A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 107 (1847)
Bersama suffruticosa Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 401 (1917)
Bersama ussanguensis Brehmer Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 400 (1917)
Bersama volkensii Gürke Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] iii. 5. (1895) 381 nomen.
Bersama abyssinica var. gracilipes Verdc. Kew Bull. 13: 219 1958
Bersama abyssinica var. holstii Verdc. Kew Bull. 10: 600 1955 publ. 1956
Bersama abyssinica var. kandtii Verdc. Kew Bull. 10: 600 1955 publ. 1956
Bersama abyssinica var. ugandensis Verdc. Kew Bull. 12: 351 1957
Bersama abyssinica var. usambarica Verdc. Kew Bull. 10: 600 1955 publ. 1956

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Language Common/alternative name
Amharic ኣዛምር
Hausa rahaiwa
Kinyarwanda umukaka
Kinyarwanda umurogora
Chinese 娑羽树

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
Name Authority First published in
Bersama abyssinica subsp. paullinioides (Planch.) Verdc. Kew Bull. 5: 237. 1950 (1950)
Bersama abyssinica subsp. rosea (Hoyle) Mikkelsen Pl. Syst. Evol. 227: 176 (2001)
Bersama abyssinica subsp. abyssinica Unknown

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!
No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Eritrea
      • Ethiopia
      • Sudan
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Malawi
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Ghana
      • Guinea
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Nigeria
      • Sierra Leone
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi
      • Cabinda
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Congo
      • Gabon
      • Gulf Of Guinea Islands
      • Rwanda
      • Zaïre

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000564438
Tropicos 20500027
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782127-1
The Plant List kew-2675088
Open Tree Of Life 115743
NCBI Taxonomy 113247
IUCN Red List 146298209
IPNI 782127-1
iNaturalist 132573
GBIF 3845259
Freebase /m/02x8b9g
EPPO BEMAB
USDA GRIN 411729
Wikipedia Bersama_abyssinica
CMAUP NPO1456

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Traditional lore on the healing effects of therapeutic plants used by the local communities around Simien Mountains National Park, northwestern Ethiopia Seraw E, Melkamu Y, Masresha G J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 17-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11025143
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00678-9
PMID:38632559
The ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of the genus Bersama: current review and future perspectives Nigussie G, Ashenef S, Meresa A Front Pharmacol 21-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10991763
doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1366427
PMID:38576479
Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Bersama abyssinica F. seed extracts Alemu B, Molla MD, Tezera H, Dekebo A, Asmamaw T Sci Rep 15-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10943032
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-56659-1
PMID:38491116
Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Fabian MC, Astorga RM, Atis AA, Pilapil LA, Hernandez CC Front Pharmacol 08-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10957545
doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1349725
PMID:38523640
Medicinal Plants Used by Oromo Community in Kofale District, West-Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia Nuro GB, Tolossa K, Giday M J Exp Pharmacol 05-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10929209
doi:10.2147/JEP.S449496
PMID:38476311
Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local Gamo people in Boreda Abaya District, Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia Zemede J, Mekuria T, Ochieng CO, Onjalalaina GE, Hu GW J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 28-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10900619
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00666-z
PMID:38419092
Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and their utilization by the people of Soro District, Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia Hankiso M, Asfaw Z, Warkineh B, Abebe A, Sisay B, Debella A J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 22-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10885532
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00651-6
PMID:38389077
HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches Jocelyn, Nasution FM, Nasution NA, Asshiddiqi MH, Kimura NH, Siburian MH, Rusdi ZY, Munthe AR, Chairenza I, Ginting Munthe MC, Sianipar P, Gultom SP, Simamora D, Uswanas IR, Salim E, Khairunnisa K, Syahputra RA Front Public Health 14-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10899510
doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297
PMID:38420030
A comprehensive review of antimalarial medicinal plants used by Tanzanians Kacholi DS Pharm Biol 25-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10812860
doi:10.1080/13880209.2024.2305453
PMID:38270178
Species-specific allometric models for reducing uncertainty in estimating above ground biomass at Moist Evergreen Afromontane Forest of Ethiopia Mulatu A, Negash M, Asrat Z Sci Rep 11-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10784490
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-51002-6
PMID:38212359
Ecological determinants in plant community structure across dry afromontane forest patches of Northwestern Ethiopia Yinebeb M, Lulekal E, Bekele T BMC Ecol Evol 04-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10694892
doi:10.1186/s12862-023-02176-0
PMID:38049737
Use of wild edible and nutraceutical plants in Raya-Azebo District of Tigray Region, northern Ethiopia Giday M, Teklehaymanot T Trop Med Health 24-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10594744
doi:10.1186/s41182-023-00550-8
PMID:37872596
Management strategies and floristic diversity in agroforestry practices of northwestern Ethiopia Tebkew M, Asfaw Z, Worku A Heliyon 21-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10632684
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20963
PMID:37954387
Djaffa Mountains guereza (Colobus guereza gallarum) abundance in forests of the Ahmar Mountains, Ethiopia Kufa CA, Bekele A, Atickem A, Zinner D Primate Biol 20-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10654609
doi:10.5194/pb-10-13-2023
PMID:38039330
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used against Human Diseases in Zuway Dugda District, Ethiopia Megersa M, Nedi T, Belachew S Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 18-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10599937
doi:10.1155/2023/5545294
PMID:37886427

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Benzyl Benzoate 2345 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)COC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2 212.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters / o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters
Methyl Salicylate 4133 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O 152.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives
3-Methoxybenzaldehyde 11569 Click to see 136.15 unknown via CMAUP database
Benzaldehyde 240 Click to see 106.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzyloxycarbonyls
Benzyl acetate 8785 Click to see 150.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenol esters
Eugenyl Acetate 7136 Click to see 206.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
Chavicol 68148 Click to see 134.17 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
2-Propenal, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 9984 Click to see 178.18 unknown via CMAUP database
Eugenol 3314 Click to see 164.20 unknown via CMAUP database
Vanillin 1183 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=O)O 152.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons
(1S,4Z,8R)-5,9,9-trimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo[6.2.0]dec-4-ene 18502770 Click to see CC1=CCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C 190.32 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
beta-Humulene 5318102 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Caryophyllene 5281515 Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Caryophyllene oxide 1742210 Click to see 220.35 unknown via CMAUP database
Humulene 5281520 Click to see 204.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 619166 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/J39670001268
Oleanolic Acid 10494 Click to see 456.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/J39670001268
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid esters
Abyssinin 158252 Click to see 482.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)91210-9
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones / Bufanolides and derivatives
(3S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,14-dihydroxy-13-methyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-1,2,3,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-10-carbaldehyde 10526 Click to see 398.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00817A011
19-Oxo-3-beta,5,14-trihydroxy-5-beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide-3-acetate 19985 Click to see 458.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0500272
Scilliglaucosidin 12315400 Click to see 398.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00817A011
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 86821 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP0500272
https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969569
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol 22012 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969569
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
Biflorin 441959 Click to see 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
Clove 3 10338198 Click to see 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Ketones
2-Heptanone 8051 Click to see 114.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Phenylketones / Alkyl-phenylketones
Eugenone 5317271 Click to see 252.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Chromones
Eugenin 10189 Click to see 206.19 unknown via CMAUP database
Eugenitin 3083581 Click to see CC1=CC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C=C2O1)OC)C)O 220.22 unknown via CMAUP database
Eugenitol 5036604 Click to see 206.19 unknown via CMAUP database
Isoeugenitin 12310980 Click to see 220.22 unknown via CMAUP database
Isoeugenitol 5318562 Click to see 206.19 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones
Mangiferin 5281647 Click to see C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O 422.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969569
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Rhamnetin 5281691 Click to see 316.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Npc142591 101937309 Click to see 434.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
1-O,3-O-Digalloyl-4-O,6-O-[(4,4',5,5',6,6'-hexahydroxy-2,2'-biphenylylene)biscarbonyl]-beta-D-glucopyranose 10056061 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5C6=C(C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Casuarictin 73644 Click to see 936.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Eugeniin 442679 Click to see 938.70 unknown via CMAUP database
GlyTouCan:G69718UQ 9918701 Click to see 786.60 unknown via CMAUP database
Strictinin 73330 Click to see 634.50 unknown via CMAUP database

Gallery Top

We don't have an image yet. Upload an image!

Contributors Top

No known contributors. Be the first!

Collections Top

In private collections 0
In public collections 0
You need to be authenticated in order to add this taxon to a personal collection.