Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Lexipyretum vernum	Dulac	Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées : 451 (1867)
Ricoila verna	Raf.	Fl. Tellur. 3: 23 (1837)
Calathiana fenetii	(Litard. & Maire) Holub	Preslia 70: 101 (1998)
Calathiana magellensis	(Ronniger) Holub	Preslia 70: 101 (1998)
Calathiana verna	(L.) Holub	Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 170 (1973)
Calathiana verna subsp. aestiva	(Roem. & Schult.) Dostál	Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 10 (1984)
Ericala aestiva	G.Don	Gen. Hist. iv. 190.
Ericala angulosa	G.Don	Gen. Hist. iv. 191.
Ericala verna	Gray	Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. ii. 335.
Ericoila verna	Borkh.	Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
Gentiana acutiflora	Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 156 (1820)
Gentiana arctica	Grossh.	Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S.S.R. 3(1): 32. 1947
Gentiana magellensis	(Vaccari ex Ronniger) Tammaro	Arch. Bot. Biogeogr. Ital. 62: 54 (1986)
Gentiana sexfida	Schult.	Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 156 (1820)
Gentiana verna subsp. arctica	(Grossh.) V.G.Sergienko	Fl. Poluostrova Kanin : 85 (1986)
Gentiana verna var. brachyphylloides	Pau	Actas Mem. Primer Congr. Nat. Esp. Zaragoza 248 1909
Gentiana verna var. cantabrica	Romo	Lagascalia 15(Extra): 287 (1988)
Gentiana verna var. davidovii	Kožuharov & Petrova	Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg. 8: 484, 406. 1982
Gentiana verna var. willkommiana	P.Monts. & L.Villar	Doc. Phytosoc. 914: 214 (1975)
Gentiana verna subsp. willkommiana	(P.Monts. & Villar) Rivas Mart., Báscones, T.E.Díaz, Fern.Gonz. & Loidi	Itinera Geobot. 5: 70 (1991):.
Gentianusa verna	Pohl	Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 253 (1809)
Hippion elongatum	F.W.Schmidt	Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 11 (1796)
Hippion vernum	F.W.Schmidt	Fl. Boëm. 2: 19 (1793 publ. 1794)
Gentiana verna var. alata	Griseb.	Gen. Sp. Gent. 263 1839
Blackstonia verna	Holub

Common names Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	spring gentian
Spanish	genciana
Spanish	genciana de primavera
Spanish	gitanilla
Spanish	gitanilla menuda
Arabic	کوشاد ربيعي
Arabic	كوشاد ربيعي
Arabic	جنطيانا ربيعية
Belarusian	Гарычка веснавая
Bulgarian	пролетна тинтява
Bulgarian	Пролетната тинтява
Bulgarian	Пролетна тинтява
Czech	hořec jarní
Welsh	crwynllys y gwanwyn
German	frühlings-enzian
German	herrgottsliechtli
German	himmelsstengel
German	frühlingsenzian
German	himmelsbläueli
German	schusternagerl
German	tintabluoma
German	schusternägelein
Finnish	kevätkatkero
French	gentiane de printemps
French	gentiane printanière
Irish	ceadharlach bealtaine
Upper Sorbian	nalětni hórkowc
Italian	genzianella di primavera
Japanese	ゲンチアナ・ウェルナ
lld	cancuns
Macedonian	Пролетна генцијана
Norwegian Bokmål	vårsøte
Dutch	voorjaarsgentiaan
Dutch	lentegentiaan
Polish	goryczka wiosenna
Romanian	ghințură
Romanian	ghințură de primăvară
Russian	Горечавка весенняя
Slovak	horec jarný
Slovenian	spomladanski svišč
Turkish	gentiyan
Chinese	春花龍膽

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Add a new one! Suggest a correction!

Name	Authority	First published in
Gentiana verna subsp. oschtenica	(Kusn.) Halda	Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 3: 33 (1995)
Gentiana verna subsp. pontica	(Soltok.) Hayek	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 419 1930
Gentiana verna subsp. tergestina	(Beck) Hayek	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 420. 1930 (1930)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

Suggest a correction or add new data!

Begin at 20°C for 6 weeks, cool to 4°C for 6 weeks, then gradually increase to 10°C over 6 weeks. If no germination, the cycle is repeated.

Germination Improved by GA3: Gibberellic Acid(GA3) is a plant growth hormone that can break dormancy and improve germination rates for seeds that are otherwise difficult to sprout.

avoid pricking out individually, transplant seedlings in clumps

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- Western Asia
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - North European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Great Britain
  - Ireland
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Romania
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - France
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000698901
USDA Plants	GEVE6
Tropicos	13800041
INPN	99953
Flora of Italy	4030
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:369094-1
The Plant List	kew-2821774
Plantarium	17379
Open Tree Of Life	346688
Observations.org	149657
NCBI Taxonomy	38855
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000003967
IPNI	369094-1
iNaturalist	132603
GBIF	3170039
Freebase	/m/07w5x1
EPPO	GETVE
EOL	487562
USDA GRIN	17433
Wikipedia	Gentiana_verna

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Floristic–Vegetational Features of Geranium argenteum, an Alpine–Apennine Species at Its Limit of Distribution in the Apennines

Ballelli S, Tesei G, Pennesi R, Allegrezza M

Life (Basel)

28-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10744573
doi:	10.3390/life13122273
PMID:	38137874

Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview

Motti R, Paura B, Cozzolino A, de Falco B

Plants (Basel)

28-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9736219
doi:	10.3390/plants11233272
PMID:	36501312

“I Climbed a Fig Tree, on an Apple Bashing Spree, Only Pears Fell Free”: Economic, Symbolic and Intrinsic Values of Plants Occurring in Slovenian Folk Songs Collected by K. Štrekelj (1895–1912)

Fišer Ž

Plants (Basel)

07-Feb-2022

PMCID:	PMC8838053
doi:	10.3390/plants11030458
PMID:	35161440

Ethnomedicinal and Ethnobotanical Survey in the Aosta Valley Side of the Gran Paradiso National Park (Western Alps, Italy)

Danna C, Poggio L, Smeriglio A, Mariotti M, Cornara L

Plants (Basel)

09-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8778718
doi:	10.3390/plants11020170
PMID:	35050058

Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra

Gibson K, Olofsson J, Mooers AØ, Monroe MJ

Ecol Evol

07-Oct-2021

PMCID:	PMC8571604
doi:	10.1002/ece3.8131
PMID:	34765128

An unknown hotspot of plant diversity in the heart of the Central Apennine: flora and vegetation outline of Mt. Pozzoni-St. Rufo valley (Cittareale, Rieti)

Lattanzi E, Del Vico E, Tranquilli R, Farris E, Marignani M, Rosati L

PhytoKeys

31-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8390790
doi:	10.3897/phytokeys.178.62947
PMID:	34475797

Synthesis of 4-substituted ethers of benzophenone and their antileishmanial activities

Ahad F, Ghouri N, Khan KM, Perveen S, Choudhary MI

R Soc Open Sci

16-May-2018

PMCID:	PMC5990808
doi:	10.1098/rsos.171771
PMID:	29892370

Habitat‐related seed germination traits in alpine habitats

Tudela‐Isanta M, Fernández‐Pascual E, Wijayasinghe M, Orsenigo S, Rossi G, Pritchard HW, Mondoni A

Ecol Evol

24-Nov-2017

PMCID:	PMC5756861
doi:	10.1002/ece3.3539
PMID:	29321859

Between semelparity and iteroparity: Empirical evidence for a continuum of modes of parity

Hughes PW

Ecol Evol

07-Sep-2017

PMCID:	PMC5648687
doi:	10.1002/ece3.3341
PMID:	29075446

Going deeper in the automated identification of Herbarium specimens

Carranza-Rojas J, Goeau H, Bonnet P, Mata-Montero E, Joly A

BMC Evol Biol

11-Aug-2017

PMCID:	PMC5553807
doi:	10.1186/s12862-017-1014-z
PMID:	28797242

Natural Products as Alternative Choices for P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) Inhibition

Dewanjee S, K. Dua T, Bhattacharjee N, Das A, Gangopadhyay M, Khanra R, Joardar S, Riaz M, De Feo V, Zia-Ul-Haq M

Molecules

25-May-2017

PMCID:	PMC6152721
doi:	10.3390/molecules22060871
PMID:	28587082

What flowers do we like? The influence of shape and color on the rating of flower beauty

Hůla M, Flegr J

PeerJ

07-Jun-2016

PMCID:	PMC4906640
doi:	10.7717/peerj.2106
PMID:	27330863

Changes in composition, ecology and structure of high-mountain vegetation: a re-visitation study over 42 years

Evangelista A, Frate L, Carranza ML, Attorre F, Pelino G, Stanisci A

AoB Plants

27-Jan-2016

PMCID:	PMC4770936
doi:	10.1093/aobpla/plw004
PMID:	26819258

Epigenetic silencing in transgenic plants

Rajeevkumar S, Anunanthini P, Sathishkumar R

Front Plant Sci

10-Sep-2015

PMCID:	PMC4564723
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2015.00693
PMID:	26442010

Folkbotanical classification: morphological, ecological and utilitarian characterization of plants in the Napf region, Switzerland

Poncet A, Vogl CR, Weckerle CS

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

14-Mar-2015

PMCID:	PMC4429483
doi:	10.1186/1746-4269-11-13
PMID:	25971246

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Iridoids and derivatives
Loganetin	10466307	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)O)O	228.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
Methyl 1,6-dihydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	12769685	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)O)O	228.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides
methyl (2R,3S,4R)-3-ethenyl-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate	162938905	Click to see COC(=O)C1=COC(C(C1CCO)C=C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50065A039
NCGC00384878-01_C17H26O10_2H-Pyran-5-carboxylic acid, 3-ethenyl-2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-, methyl ester, (2S,3R,4S)-	14488076	Click to see COC(=O)C1=COC(C(C1CCO)C=C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50065A039
Secologanin	161276	Click to see COC(=O)C1=COC(C(C1CC=O)C=C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O	388.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960905
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
Loganin	87691	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
methyl (1S,4aS,6S,7R,7aS)-1-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	162913340	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O)O)O	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
methyl (1S,4aS,6S,7R,7aS)-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	163195248	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85134-2
methyl (1S,4aS,6S,7R,7aS)-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	162908312	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC(=O)C)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85134-2
Methyl 1-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	162913339	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O)O)O	510.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
Methyl 1-[5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	14487126	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85134-2
Methyl 1-[6-(acetyloxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	14487128	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC(=O)C)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=CC=C4)O)O	552.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85134-2
Methyl 6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate	601562	Click to see CC1C(CC2C1C(OC=C2C(=O)OC)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	390.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98016-6
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(3S,4R,4aS)-4-ethenyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one	354447	Click to see C=CC1C2CCOC(=O)C2=COC1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	358.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960905
Sweroside	161036	Click to see C=CC1C2CCOC(=O)C2=COC1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	358.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-960905
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
[2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methanone	163076314	Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)C3=CC(=CC=C3)O)O	422.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.08.007
[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methanone	162864330	Click to see C1=CC(=CC(=C1)O)C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O	408.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.08.007
Rhodanthenone B	102429099	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	424.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2011.08.007
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthones
2,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one	102506431	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C=C3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	436.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19740570424
2,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyxanthen-9-one	162915580	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C=C3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	436.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19740570424
Swertianin	5281661	Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C=C3)O)O)O	274.22	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19740570424
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl)methoxy]phenyl]-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162969374	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)OCC5C(C(C(C(O5)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19750580117
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one	162969375	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)OCC5C(C(C(C(O5)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19750580117
6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162952090	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OCC5C(C(C(C(O5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19750580117
6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl)methoxy]oxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	162952089	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OCC5C(C(C(C(O5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	610.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19750580117

Biological Material Top

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Gentiana verna

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top