Melilotus indicus in Genus Melilotus

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID643fd969c343a359103624
Scientific name	Melilotus indicus
Authority	(L.) All.
First published in	Fl. Pedem.1: 308 (1785)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
• Annual legume forage/hay used in arid and semi‑arid pastures and rangelands; established as a hay and grazing plant in parts of Australia and India.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
• Seeds are reported as edible, typically consumed after soaking, cooking, or roasting.

Properties relevant to use:
• Rapid growth and drought tolerance enable hay and pasture use; legume nitrogen fixation improves soil fertility where nitrogen inputs are limited.

Standards and regulation:
• No specific product standards noted for this species.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Melilotus melilotus-indicus	Asch. & Graebn.	Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl.: 435 (1898)
Melilotus parviflorus	Desf.	Fl. Atlant.2: 192 (1799)
Trifolium indicum	L.	Sp. Pl.: 765 (1753)
Melilotus tommasinii	Jord.	Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci., sér. 2, 1: 266 (1851)
Melilotus permixtus	Jord.	Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci.1: 55 (1852)
Melilotus bonplandii	Ten.	Index Seminum (NAP, Neapolitano)1833: 14 (1833)
Melilotus indicus subsp. permixtus	(Jord.) Rouy	G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France5: 56 (1899)
Melilotus parviflora	Desf.
Trifolium indica	L.
Melilotus parviflorus	Trautv.
Trifolium melilotus-indica	L.	Sp. Pl. 2: 765. 1753 [1 May 1753]
Trifolium indicus	L.
Melilotus indica	(L.) All.
Melilotus occidentalis	Nutt.	J.Torrey & A.Gray, Fl. N. Amer.1: 321 (1838)
Melilotus minimus	Roth	Nov. Pl. Sp.: 361 (1821)
Melilotus berardii	Medik.	Vorles. Churpfälz. Phys.-Ökon. Ges.2: 382 (1787)
Melilotus boumettii	Hornem.	Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 84 (1819)
Melilotus brachystachyus	Willd. ex Spreng.	Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 3: 207 (1826)
Melilotus exaltatus	Bianca	Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 13: 211 (1857)
Melilotus rugulosus	Willd.	Enum. Pl.: 789 (1809)
Melilotus reticulatus	Pomel	Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.2: 322 (1875)
Melilotus robinii	Raf.	Fl. Ludov.: 102 (1817)
Medicago parviflora	(Desf.) E.H.L.Krause	J.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 9: 125 (1901)
Trifolium melilotus-parviflorus	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas.3: 506 (1819)
Trigonella melilotus	Link	Handbuch2: 165 (1831)
Trifolium melilotus	L.	Sp. Pl.: 764 (1753)
Trifolium melilotus var. indica	L.	Sp. Pl. 2: 765 1753
Sertula indica	(L.) Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl.1: 205 (1891)
Trigonella smallii	Coulot & Rabaute	Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest. Numero Special40: 650 (2013)
Trifolium rugulosum	(Willd.) Dennst.	Vollst. Lex. Gärtn.10: 166 (1810)
Melilotus indicus var. bonplandii	(Ten.) O.E.Schulz	Bot. Jahrb. Syst.29: 715 (1901)
Melilotus indicus var. exaltatus	Rouy	G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France5: 55 (1899)
Melilotus indicus var. laxiflorus	Rouy	G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France5: 55 (1899)
Melilotus indicus var. parvulus	Rouy	G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France5: 56 (1899)
Melilotus indicus var. permixtus	(Jord.) P.Fourn.	Quatre Fl. France: 549 (1936)
Melilotus neapolitanus var. macrocarpus	Rouy	G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France5: 57 (1899)
Melilotus parviflorus var. rubrocalyx	Herder	Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus)1868: 92 (1869)
Melilotus melilotus-indica	Asch. & Graebn.
Trifolium parviflorum	(Desf.) F.Dietr.	Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 10: 157 (1810)
Trigonella berardii	(Medik.) Sennikov	Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Tian-Shan : 169 (2021)

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
English	sweet clover
English	snall melilot
English	yellow sweet clover
English	annual yellow sweetclover
Arabic	حندقوقة
Arabic	حندقوق بستاني
Arabic	كَرْكَمان
Arabic	عُشب الملك
Arabic	رِيام
Arabic	رَقْرَاق
Arabic	حندَقُوقَي مر
Arabic	محيلبة
Arabic	جديبة
Arabic	حندقوق
Arabic	تيفال
Arabic	حندقوق هندي
Azerbaijani	hind xəşənbülü
Czech	komonice indická
Welsh	yr wydro blodau mân
German	indischer honigklee
German	kleinblütiger steinklee
Estonian	india mesikas
Persian	یونجه زرد هندی
Finnish	intianmesikkä
French	mélilot des indes
Upper Sorbian	kwěćikaty komonc
Nepali	मेथी घाँस
Dutch	kleine honingklaver
Punjabi	ਜੰਗਲੀ ਸੇਂਜੀ
Punjab	جنگلی سینجی
Russian	Донник индийский
Swedish	dvärgsötväppling
Turkish	küçük taş yoncası
Ukrainian	Буркун індійський
Chinese	辟汗草
Chinese	野苜蓿
Chinese	印度草木樨
Chinese	印度草木犀
Chinese	小花草木樨
Chinese	辟汗草根
Chinese	天蓝楷
Chinese	小花草木犀
Chinese	蛇蜕草
Chinese	一种维管植物
Chinese	猫毛草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Madeira
- Middle Atlantic Ocean
  - Saint Helena
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Djibouti
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Socotra
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Egypt
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
  - Western Sahara
- South Tropical Africa
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces
  - Free State
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
  - Northern Provinces
- West Tropical Africa
  - Mauritania
  - Niger
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Kuwait
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan
  - Tibet
- Eastern Asia
  - Ogasawara-Shoto
  - Taiwan
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
- Malesia
  - Jawa

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Norfolk Island
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Tasmania
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia
- New Zealand
  - Chatham Islands
  - New Zealand North
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Netherlands
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Great Britain
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexican Pacific Islands
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - New York
  - Vermont
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Oregon
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Louisiana
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- South-central Pacific
  - Easter Island
- Southwestern Pacific
  - New Caledonia

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil South
  - Brazil Southeast
- Caribbean
  - Bahamas
  - Bermuda
- Central America
  - Costa Rica
  - Honduras
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
  - Argentina South
  - Chile Central
  - Chile North
  - Chile South
  - Uruguay
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Colombia
  - Ecuador
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000185378
UNII	X972804764
Florida Plant Atlas	466
Flora of Alabama	2017
Canadensys	5840
USDA Plants	MEIN2
Tropicos	13035799
INPN	107914
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1207360-2
The Plant List	ild-31598
Open Tree Of Life	1072867
Observations.org	7051
NCBI Taxonomy	200951
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000003229
Nature Serve	2.156324
IPNI	1207360-2
iNaturalist	57065
GBIF	2971016
Freebase	/m/05b2t0s
WisFlora	13136
EPPO	MEUIN
EOL	703242
Elurikkus	5692
Calflora (Californian flora)	5406
USDA GRIN	24000
Wikipedia	Melilotus_indicus

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Commodity risk assessment of Ligustrum ovalifolium and Ligustrum vulgare plants from the UK

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Streissl F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

07-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10918603
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8648
PMID:	38455154

The sustainable use of diverse plants accustomed by different ethnic groups in Sibi District, Balochistan, Pakistan

Maria B, Saeed S, Ahmed A, Ahmed M, Rehman A

PLoS One

21-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10880983
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0294989
PMID:	38381718

Ecological and Syntaxonomic Analysis of the Communities of Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Malvion neglectae) in the European Mediterranean Area

Cano E, Cano-Ortiz A, Quinto Canas R, Piñar Fuentes JC, Rodrigues Meireles C, Raposo M, Pinto Gomes C, Laface VL, Spampinato G, Musarella CM

Plants (Basel)

20-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10934477
doi:	10.3390/plants13050568
PMID:	38475415

An appraisal of traditional knowledge of plant poisoning of livestock and its validation through acute toxicity assay in rats

Rasool F, Nizamani ZA, Ahmad KS, Parveen F, Khan SA, Sabir N

Front Pharmacol

14-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10900104
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1328133
PMID:	38420196

Microgreens on the rise: Expanding our horizons from farm to fork

Lone JK, Pandey R, Gayacharan

Heliyon

11-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10881865
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25870
PMID:	38390124

Phytochemical, Antioxidant Activity, and Toxicity of Wild Medicinal Plant of Melitotus albus Extracts, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

Ed-Dahmani I, El fadili M, Kandsi F, Conte R, El Atki Y, Kara M, Assouguem A, Touijer H, Lfitat A, Nouioura G, Slighoua M, Ullah R, Al-Tamimi JH, Taleb M, Abdellaoui A

ACS Omega

09-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10905593
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.3c08314
PMID:	38434823

Australian Cool-Season Pulse Seed-Borne Virus Research: 1. Alfalfa and Cucumber Mosaic Viruses and Less Important Viruses

Jones RA, Congdon BS

Viruses

18-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10819373
doi:	10.3390/v16010144
PMID:	38257844

The influence of management practices on plant diversity: a comparative study of three urban wetlands in an expanding city in eastern China

Lu Y, Yang G, Zhang Y, Wei B, He Q, Yu H, Wang Y

PeerJ

04-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10771763
doi:	10.7717/peerj.16701
PMID:	38188175

Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2023

Gibin D, Gutierrez Linares A, Fasanelli E, Pasinato L, Delbianco A

EFSA J

15-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10722330
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8477
PMID:	38107375

Phytochemical-Based Study of Ethanolic Extract of Saraca asoca in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Female Adult Rats

Bu N, Jamil A, Hussain L, Alshammari A, Albekairi TH, Alharbi M, Jamshed A, Bazmi RR, Younas A

ACS Omega

01-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10652831
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.3c05274
PMID:	38024692

The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.)

Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ

PLoS One

04-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10602594
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:	37792900

Exploration of the Wild Edible Plants Used for Basic Health Care by Local People of Bahawalpur and Adjacent Regions, Pakistan

Anwar T, Qureshi H, Naeem H, Shahzadi S, Sehar Z, Hassan R

Foods

25-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10573077
doi:	10.3390/foods12193557
PMID:	37835210

Implementation of machine learning in DNA barcoding for determining the plant family taxonomy

Riza LS, Zain MI, Izzuddin A, Prasetyo Y, Hidayat T, Abu Samah KA

Heliyon

21-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10520734
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20161
PMID:	37767518

Spatial distribution of the four invasive plants and their impact on natural communities’ dynamics across the arid and semi-arid environments in northwest Pakistan

Khan N, Ullah R, Okla MK, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Saleh IA, Abu-Harirah HA, AlRamadneh TN, AbdElgawad H

Front Plant Sci

25-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10485558
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1207222
PMID:	37692447

Economic Uses of Salt-Tolerant Plants

Garcia-Caparros P, Al-Azzawi MJ, Flowers TJ

Plants (Basel)

17-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10385539
doi:	10.3390/plants12142669
PMID:	37514283

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives
Methylumbelliferone	10748	Click to see	176.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097913
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 7-hydroxycoumarins
Scopoletin	5280460	Click to see	192.17	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097913
Umbelliferone	5281426	Click to see C1=CC(=CC2=C1C=CC(=O)O2)O	162.14	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0028-1097913
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides
Isoorientin	114776	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2006.04.007
Isovitexin	162350	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2006.04.007
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid C-glycosides / Flavonoid 8-C-glycosides
Orientin	5281675	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2006.04.007
Vitexin	5280441	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2006.04.007
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Furanoisoflavonoids / Pterocarpans
Medicarpin	336327	Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3COC4=C(C3O2)C=CC(=C4)O	270.28	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1977-5-625

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Melilotus indicus

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top