Derris elliptica
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fd9b4d1d5d058908293 |
| Scientific name | Derris elliptica |
| Authority | (Wall.) Benth. |
| First published in | J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot.4(Suppl.): 111 (1860) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Rotenone, an isoflavonoid insecticide extracted from dried root bark of Derris elliptica.
- Derris root powder, ground root material used in dust, spray and other insecticidal formulations.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Broad‑spectrum contact insecticide and acaricide for crops, orchards, gardens and ornamentals.
- Piscicide to control unwanted fish in lakes and reservoirs.
- Research tool; inhibition of mitochondrial complex I used in neurodegeneration models.
- Traditional fish poison in Southeast Asian fishing.
- Rotenone dusts applied to stored grain and legume products to suppress insects.
Properties relevant to use:
- Non‑ionic, lipophilic isoflavonoid (logP ≈3.4) penetrates insect cuticles.
- Potent non‑competitive inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, causing energy depletion.
- Root bark contains 1–5 % rotenone by dry weight, enabling extraction.
- Highly soluble in organic solvents (ethanol, acetone, chloroform) for liquid and dust formulations.
- Stable at neutral pH but rapidly degrades under UV, necessitating UV stabilizers in outdoor products.
Standards and regulation:
- U.S. restricted‑use pesticide under FIFRA; registration and labeling overseen by EPA.
- EU Biocidal Products Regulation (EU 528/2012) lists rotenone as an approved active substance for plant‑protection products, with possible national restrictions.
- ISO 2161 (Test method for pesticide dusts) and ISO 17025 (General requirements for testing labs) provide standardized protocols for rotenone formulations.
- U.S. National Organic Program removed rotenone from allowed synthetics in 2015, prohibiting its use in certified organic agriculture.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Cultivated in tropical agroforestry across India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and Indonesia.
- 2–3‑year cultivation cycle; roots harvested at peak rotenone concentration.
- Wild harvesting discouraged; certified cultivation (e.g., organic) ensures sustainable supply.
- Rotenone yields from cultivated roots typically 0.5–2 % w/w of dry material, meeting demand while limiting pressure on wild populations.
- Sustainable‑sourcing programs require good agricultural practices, soil conservation, integrated pest management and traceability.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Galedupa elliptica | (Wall.) Roxb. | Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 242 (1832) |
| Pongamia elliptica | Wall. | Pl. Asiat. Rar.3: 20 (1832) |
| Derris elliptica var. elliptica | (Wall.) Benth. | |
| Deguelia elliptica | (Wall.) Taub. | Bot. Centralbl.47: 386 (1891) |
| Galactia termimaliflora | Blanco | |
| Pongamia volubilis | Zoll. & Moritzi | A.Moritzi, Syst. Verz. Java: 3 (1846) |
| Nothoderris purpurea | Blume | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 149 (1855) |
| Nothoderris glaucescens | Blume | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 149 (1855) |
| Nothoderris elliptica | (Wall.) Blume | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 148 (1855) |
| Pongamia horsfieldii | Miq. | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 149 (1855) |
| Pongamia hypoleuca | Miq. | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 148 (1855) |
| Pongamia grandiflora | Vent. | Jard. Malmaison: t. 28 (1803) |
| Dalbergia elliptica | Span. | Linnaea15: 197 (1841) |
| Pterocarpus ellipticus | Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl.1: 203 (1891) |
| Paraderris elliptica | (Wall.) Adema | Thai Forest Bull., Bot.28: 11 (2000) |
| Derris elliptica var. glaucophylla | (Miq.) Kaneh. & Hatus. | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)56: 364 (1942) |
| Paraderris elliptica var. chittagongensis | (Thoth.) Adema | Blumea48: 137 (2003) |
| Derris elliptica var. chittagongensis | Thoth. | Bull. Bot. Surv. India3: 195 (1961 publ. 1962) |
| Pongamia volubilis var. glaucophylla | Miq. | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 149 (1855) |
| Derris elliptica var. tonkinensis | Gagnep. | H.Lecomte (ed.), Fl. Indo-Chine2: 461 (1916) |
| Millettia elliptica | (Roxb.) Steud. | Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 146 (1841) |
| Dalbergia glaucescens | Zipp. ex Miq. | Fl. Ned. Ind.1(1): 149 (1855) |
| Dalbergia purpurea | Reinw. ex Hassk. | Flora25(2, Beibl. 1): 53 (1842) |
| Pongamia dubia | Graham | Numer. List : n.° 5899 (1831) |
| Galedupa grandiflora | Juss. ex Vent. | Jard. Malmaison : t. 28 (1803) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Arabic | دريس إهليلجي |
| Arabic | الدريس |
| Indonesian | akar tuba |
| mad | tobbhâ |
| Malay | akar tuba |
| Thai | หางไหล |
| Chinese | 毛鱼藤 |
| Chinese | 毒鱼藤 |
| Chinese | 魚藤 |
| Chinese | 南亚鱼藤 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Zaïre
-
West-central Tropical Africa
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
-
Eastern Asia
- Ogasawara-Shoto
- Taiwan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- India
- Nepal
- Sri Lanka
-
Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Cambodia
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Nicobar Nicobar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Christmas Island
- Jawa
- Malaya
- Maluku
- Philippines
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
-
Papuasia
- New Guinea
-
Indian Subcontinent
-
Pacific click to expand
-
North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
-
Northwestern Pacific
- Caroline Islands
- Marianas
-
North-central Pacific
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Brazil
- Brazil Northeast
- Brazil Southeast
- Brazil West-central
-
Caribbean
- Leeward Islands
- Trinidad-Tobago
-
Brazil
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000186905 |
| USDA Plants | DEEL3 |
| Tropicos | 13018222 |
| INPN | 629534 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491300-1 |
| The Plant List | ild-33408 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 170173 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 56063 |
| IPNI | 491300-1 |
| iNaturalist | 348735 |
| GBIF | 5350305 |
| EPPO | DRREL |
| EOL | 686011 |
| USDA GRIN | 13545 |
| Wikipedia | Derris_elliptica |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrrolidines | |||||
| 2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-Imino-D-Glucitol | 11073745 | Click to see | 163.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)94435-2 |
| 2(R), 4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine | 1472 | Click to see | 163.17 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)94435-2 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Rotenoids / Rotenones | |||||
| (-)-Deguelin;(-)-cis-Deguelin | 606171 | Click to see | 394.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JA01326A060 |
| (1S,12S,13S)-16,17-dimethoxy-2,7,20-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.03,11.04,8.014,19]henicosa-3(11),4(8),5,9,14,16,18-heptaen-12-ol | 162980105 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961936 |
| (1S,13S)-10-hydroxy-16,17-dimethoxy-2,7,20-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.03,11.04,8.014,19]henicosa-3(11),4(8),5,9,14,16,18-heptaen-12-one | 12312700 | Click to see | 368.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| 5-Hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,12,12a-tetrahydrofuro[2',3':7,8][1]benzopyrano[2,3-c][1]benzopyran-6(6aH)-one | 3665545 | Click to see | 410.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| 5'beta-Rotenone | 5102 | Click to see | 394.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98664-3 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.19112490408 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.1923.491_10 |
| 6-Hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-13,13a-dihydro-3H,7aH-pyrano[2,3-c:6,5-f']dichromen-7-one | 243723 | Click to see | 410.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| alpha-Toxicarol | 442826 | Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2OC4COC5=CC(=C(C=C5C4C3=O)OC)OC)O)C | 410.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| Deguelin | 107935 | Click to see | 394.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961936 |
| Dehydrotoxicarol | 5491616 | Click to see | 408.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JA01328A504 |
| Derride | 13846199 | Click to see | 352.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9390001099 |
| Elliptinol | 44257418 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961936 |
| Elliptone | 160477 | Click to see | 352.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9390001099 |
| Malaccol | 5319228 | Click to see | 368.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| rel-(7aR,13aR)-9,10-Dimethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-13,13a-dihydro-3H-pyrano[2,3-c:6,5-f']dichromen-7(7aH)-one | 184223 | Click to see | 394.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JA01326A060 |
| Rotenone | 6758 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2OC4COC5=CC(=C(C=C5C4C3=O)OC)OC | 394.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)93394-0 https://doi.org/10.1002/ARDP.19112490408 https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.1923.491_10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00098-9 |
| Sumatrol | 442824 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CC2=C(O1)C=C(C3=C2OC4COC5=CC(=C(C=C5C4C3=O)OC)OC)O | 410.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/RECL.19390580304 |
| Tephrosin | 114909 | Click to see | 410.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-961936 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |