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Millettia pulchra

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fd990f35aa426856400
Scientific name Millettia pulchra
Authority Kurz
First published in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist.42: 69 (1873)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
The species yields a timber known in regional trade as “millettia,” marketed locally as sawn lumber and veneers for furniture and interior joinery. It is processed into pulp for kraft or semi-chemical paper grades.

Industrial and craft applications:
The heartwood is used in furniture, turned objects, and small craft items due to stability and working properties. The bark is a source of tannins for leather tanning. The plant is a leguminous nitrogen fixer, useful as a green manure and cover crop in mixed-crop systems and fallow management.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Seeds are processed into edible oil and meal after dehulling; the meal is a protein supplement for livestock feeds, typically defatted.

Colorants and tanning:
Bark and heartwood produce brown dyes for wool and silk, based on condensed tannins that chelate metal mordants. The bark is used in leather tanning for its condensed tannin content.

Wood and fiber:
Timber (heartwood) is valued for furniture and flooring where medium density and strength are required. Fast-growing stands provide pulpwood for paper manufacturing. Roots yield a bast fiber used historically for cordage and woven textiles; chemically the fiber comprises high cellulose with moderate lignin content.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Flowers and leaves are reported as minor sources of essential oils for fragrance bases.

Properties relevant to use:
Bark and wood contain condensed tannins; the wood displays good density and dimensional stability. Seed oil is classified as a non-drying, semi-drying oil with moderate iodine and saponification values and low volatility; resin acids in the gum contribute to adhesive and coating performance.

Standards and regulation:
Timber marketing follows national classification by density and durability. Seed oil and meal for food and feed comply with national standards for edible oils and animal feed safety. Leather tannins must meet limits for extractable tanning matter and heavy metals.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is found in natural and secondary forests and is cultivated for pulpwood and soil fertility. Overexploitation risk is moderate due to relatively slow growth of mature trees; sustainable harvesting emphasizes plantation establishment and selective cutting.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Mundulea pulchra (Voigt) Benth. F.A.W.Miquel, Pl. Jungh.: 248 (1852)
Dalbergia pulchra Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 242 (1845)
Phaseoloides pulchra (Voigt) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl.1: 201 (1891)
Millettia pulchra var. typica Dunn J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 41: 151 (1912)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Chinese 苦檀叶
Chinese 印度崖豆
Chinese 印度鸡血藤
Chinese 美花崖豆藤
Chinese 一种维管植物

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Millettia pulchra var. chinensis Dunn J. Linn. Soc., Bot.41: 152 (1912)
Millettia pulchra var. laxior (Dunn) Z.Wei Acta Phytotax. Sin.23: 280 (1985)
Millettia pulchra var. microphylla Dunn J. Linn. Soc., Bot.41: 152 (1912)
Millettia pulchra var. parvifolia Z.Wei Acta Phytotax. Sin.23: 281 (1985)
Millettia pulchra var. pulchra Kurz Unknown
Millettia pulchra var. tomentosa Prain J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist.66: 358 (1897)
Millettia pulchra var. yunnanensis (Pamp.) Dunn J. Linn. Soc., Bot.41: 152 (1912)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
    • Eastern Asia
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
    • Indo-China
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Vietnam

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000186140
Tropicos 13035945
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:507502-1
The Plant List ild-32549
Open Tree Of Life 273760
NCBI Taxonomy 132451
IUCN Red List 19892086
IPNI 507502-1
iNaturalist 138812
GBIF 5355677
EOL 643780
USDA GRIN 24318

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Correction: Zhang et al. Genotype–Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Acacia melanoxylon R.Br. Genes 2023, 14, 1299 Zhang R, Zeng B, Chen T, Hu B Genes (Basel) 09-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10887675
doi:10.3390/genes15020221
PMID:38397249
A review of the pharmacological action and mechanism of natural plant polysaccharides in depression Yang YH, Li CX, Zhang RB, Shen Y, Xu XJ, Yu QM Front Pharmacol 08-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10883385
doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1348019
PMID:38389919
Total Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Osajin, Scandenone and Analogues Wang R, Ma R, Feng K, Lu H, Zhao W, Jin H Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 09-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10819276
doi:10.3390/ph17010086
PMID:38256918
Anti-Aging Activity and Modes of Action of Compounds from Natural Food Sources Song L, Zhang S Biomolecules 31-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10669485
doi:10.3390/biom13111600
PMID:38002283
Structural Similarities and Overlapping Activities among Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase, Flavanone 4-Reductase, and Anthocyanidin Reductase Offer Metabolic Flexibility in the Flavonoid Pathway Lewis JA, Zhang B, Harza R, Palmer N, Sarath G, Sattler SE, Twigg P, Vermerris W, Kang C Int J Mol Sci 09-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10531346
doi:10.3390/ijms241813901
PMID:37762209
Yulangsan polysaccharide inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion in NSCLC by attenuating the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway Lan F, Chen M, Xie X, Mo Y, Chen F, Huang R, Liu W Am J Cancer Res 15-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10492137
PMID:37693151
Genotype–Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Acacia melanoxylon R.Br Zhang R, Zeng B, Chen T, Hu B Genes (Basel) 20-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10298161
doi:10.3390/genes14061299
PMID:37372479
Anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis: focusing on IKKβ Gan J, Guo L, Zhang X, Yu Q, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Jiang X, Guo M J Inflamm (Lond) 23-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9951513
doi:10.1186/s12950-023-00330-5
PMID:36823573
Mechanisms of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver injury and the effects of natural medicinal ingredients: A review Zhuang X, Li L, Liu T, Zhang R, Yang P, Wang X, Dai L Front Pharmacol 10-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9589499
doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1037814
PMID:36299895
Antiaging Effects of Dietary Polysaccharides: Advance and Mechanisms Xu W, Han S, Huang M, Yin J, Yang F, Luo F Oxid Med Cell Longev 12-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9296321
doi:10.1155/2022/4362479
PMID:35864870
Progress in ICP-MS Analysis of Minerals and Heavy Metals in Traditional Medicine Chen W, Yang Y, Fu K, Zhang D, Wang Z Front Pharmacol 28-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9274010
doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.891273
PMID:35837276
The Regulatory Roles of Polysaccharides and Ferroptosis-Related Phytochemicals in Liver Diseases Ren Y, Li S, Song Z, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Wang H Nutrients 30-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9182636
doi:10.3390/nu14112303
PMID:35684103
DNA Barcoding Medicinal Plant Species from Indonesia Cahyaningsih R, Compton LJ, Rahayu S, Magos Brehm J, Maxted N Plants (Basel) 21-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9147630
doi:10.3390/plants11101375
PMID:35631799
The Triprenylated Anthranoid Ferruginin A, a Promising Scaffold for the Development of Novel Antibiotics against Gram-Positive Bacteria Casciaro B, Ghirga F, Cappiello F, Vergine V, Loffredo MR, Cammarone S, Puglisi E, Tortora C, Quaglio D, Mori M, Botta B, Mangoni ML Antibiotics (Basel) 11-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8773144
doi:10.3390/antibiotics11010084
PMID:35052961
Mechanism of drug-induced liver injury and hepatoprotective effects of natural drugs Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhang D, Liu J, Wu Q, Chen J, Tan P, Xing B, Han Y, Zhang P, Xiao X, Pei J Chin Med 11-Dec-2021
PMCID:PMC8665608
doi:10.1186/s13020-021-00543-x
PMID:34895294

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds
(3R)-1-(4-methoxy-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-phenylpentan-1-one 118728226 Click to see CCC(CC(=O)C1=C(C2=C(C=C1)OC=C2)OC)C3=CC=CC=C3 308.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / 2,2-dimethyl-1-benzopyrans
6'-Demethoxypraecansone B 42607647 Click to see 336.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / 8-prenylated flavans / 8-prenylated flavanones
(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 163036521 Click to see 476.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
3,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 129686253 Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)CC=C(C)C)C2C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)O)CC=C(C)C)O)C 476.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
5-Hydroxysophoranone 124355984 Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)CC=C(C)C)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C(=C3O2)CC=C(C)C)O)O)C 476.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
Hydroxysophoranone 42607927 Click to see 476.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
Sophoranon 4482007 Click to see 460.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
Sophoranone 441767 Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)CC=C(C)C)C2CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)O)CC=C(C)C)C 460.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Furanoflavones
2,7,15-Trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.03,11.04,8.016,21]henicosa-1(13),3(11),4(8),5,9,16,18,20-octaen-12-one 118728227 Click to see 290.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
Karanjin 100633 Click to see 292.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
Lanceolatin B 10978265 Click to see 262.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Pyranoflavonoids
(-)-Isolonchocarpin 12311091 Click to see 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
6-Hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one 38364007 Click to see 320.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
6-Methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one 118728228 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C3C(=CC(=C2O1)OC)C(=O)C=C(O3)C4=CC=CC=C4)C 334.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
8,8-Dimethyl-2-phenyl-4H,8H-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-4-one 11358607 Click to see 304.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
Isopongaflavone 10958572 Click to see 334.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Furanoisoflavonoids / Pterocarpans
(-)-Maackiain 91510 Click to see 284.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
(1S,12R,20S)-16,20-dimethoxy-5,7,11,19-tetraoxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,10.04,8.013,18]icosa-2,4(8),9,13(18),14,16-hexaene 162897451 Click to see 328.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
(6S,6aS,11aR)-3,6,9-trimethoxy-6a,11a-dihydro-6H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromene 163025439 Click to see COC1C2C(C3=C(O1)C=C(C=C3)OC)OC4=C2C=CC(=C4)OC 314.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
3-Hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpane 363863 Click to see 284.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
3-Methoxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan 454895 Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3C(CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4O3)OCO5 298.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
6-Methoxyhomopterocarpin 44257492 Click to see 314.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
6-Methoxypterocarpin 44257493 Click to see 328.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
Pterocarpin 1715306 Click to see 298.29 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflavans / Isoflavanones / 6-prenylated isoflavanones
5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-2'-methoxy-6,3'-diprenylisoflavone 44257315 Click to see 436.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
Angustone A 15664151 Click to see CC(=CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1O)C2=COC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)CC=C(C)C)O)O)C 422.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80349-0
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / 2-Hydroxychalcones
Lonchocarpin 6283743 Click to see 306.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
Pongachalcone I 11056805 Click to see 336.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Linear 1,3-diarylpropanoids / Chalcones and dihydrochalcones / Furanochalcones
2'-Hydroxyfurano[2'',3'':4',3']chalcone 13963932 Click to see 264.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
CID 5320675 5320675 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC2=C1C=CO2)C(=O)C=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)O 294.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009
Ovalitenin A 10923878 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC2=C1C=CO2)C(=O)C=CC3=CC=CC=C3 278.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMCL.2015.01.009

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