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Schima wallichii

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64404f36e7f5d157105898
Scientific name Schima wallichii
Authority (DC.) Choisy
First published in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 14: 142. 1855

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Wood and fiber:
The durable, reddish-brown heartwood of Schima wallichii is valued for general construction, flooring, furniture, joinery, and tea-chest manufacture. The species is listed in CITES Appendix III for India, indicating regulated international trade. The wood is described as hard and moderately heavy with interlocking grain, enabling conversion into dimension lumber and veneer; its strength and stability suit structural and interior applications. The bark contains hydrolyzable tannins and can be used for vegetable tanning of leather, providing a source of natural tannins.

Properties relevant to use:
Reported properties include a moderate density, interlocking grain, and moderate hardness, all of which contribute to good resistance to wear, machinability, and surface finish quality. The presence of hydrolyzable bark tannins supports tanning applications; heartwood extractives contribute to natural durability and dimensional stability.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Trade of Schima wallichii from India is regulated under CITES Appendix III; other range states may have national controls. Selective logging is practiced in mixed hardwood forests. Certificates from independent schemes (e.g., FSC) may be available where applicable, but the presence of certification should be verified case by case.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Schima mollis Dyer Fl. Brit. India 1: 288 (1874)
Schima pulgarensis Elmer Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1843 (1913)
Schima lowii Pierre Fl. Forest. Cochinch. : t. 121 (1887)
Schima rigida Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 113 (1869)
Schima sulcinervia Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 113 (1869)
Schima sericea Airy Shaw Hooker's Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3309 (1936)
Schima hypoglauca Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. : 484 (1861)
Schima hypochra Pierre Fl. Forest. Cochinch. : t. 121 (1887)
Schima bancana Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 113 (1869)
Gordonia integrifolia Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 2: 572 (1832)
Gordonia mollis Wall. Numer. List [Wallich] n. 1458. 1829
Gordonia oblata Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 2: 572 (1832)
Gordonia wallichii DC. Prodr. 1: 528 (1824)
Schima antherisosa Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. : 145 (1842)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Indonesian seru (pohon)
Indonesian schima mollis
Indonesian schima bancana
Indonesian puspa (kayu)
Indonesian simartolu
Indonesian medang gatal
Japanese ヒメツバキ
Malayalam ഷിമ വാലിചി
Nepali चिलाउने
su cikoru
Thai ทะโล้
Thai มังตาน
Chinese 乌叶子
Chinese 峨嵋木荷
Chinese 峨眉木荷
Chinese 西南木荷
Chinese 红木荷
Chinese 木荷
Chinese 毛木树皮
Chinese 毛木树叶
Chinese 毛木树
Chinese 木荷叶

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Tibet
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • Nepal
    • Indo-China
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Borneo
      • Jawa
      • Lesser Sunda Islands
      • Malaya
      • Philippines
      • Sumatera

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001142186
UNII GRU3763F98
Tropicos 50093934
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60457200-2
The Plant List tro-31600254
Open Tree Of Life 363266
NCBI Taxonomy 182321
IUCN Red List 63077
IPNI 60457200-2
iNaturalist 348796
GBIF 3591392
Freebase /m/0z8s84q
EPPO SHMWA
EOL 2889728
USDA GRIN 70655
Wikipedia Schima_wallichii

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Potential of Phytogenic Selenium Nanoparticle- and Light Regime-Mediated In Vitro Caralluma tuberculata Callus Culture Extract Ali A, Mashwani ZU, Raja NI, Mohammad S, Ahmad MS, Luna-Arias JP ACS Omega 24-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11079897
doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c10222
PMID:38737082
New Data on Boletaceae (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) from Central Vietnam with Description of Two New Species and Creation of a New Combination Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidence Pham TH, Popov E, Alexandrova A, Ivanova D, Morozova O J Fungi (Basel) 19-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10971305
doi:10.3390/jof10030223
PMID:38535231
Preference of trees for nest building by critically endangered white‐rumped vultures (Gyps bengalensis) in Nepal Gautam R, Baral N, Sharma HP Ecol Evol 18-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10948368
doi:10.1002/ece3.11175
PMID:38505186
Mixing with native broadleaf trees modified soil microbial communities of Cunninghamia lanceolata monocultures in South China Zheng F, Gu J, Lu D, Yang J, Shuai X, Li C, Chen H Front Microbiol 05-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10949948
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1372128
PMID:38505544
Both evenness and dominant species identity have effects on litter decomposition Fan B, Gong Z, Xin X, Liu Y, He L, Gao Y, Ren A, Zhao N Ecol Evol 26-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10896676
doi:10.1002/ece3.11052
PMID:38414570
Factors influencing Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) burrow selection in the Chandragiri-Champadevi hills of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal Sabin K, Regmi S, Pant B, Nepali A, Katuwal HB, Sharma HP Heliyon 09-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10877261
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25774
PMID:38380042
Prey selection by leopards (Panthera pardus fusca) in the mid‐hill region of Nepal Baral K, Bhandari S, Adhikari B, Kunwar RM, Sharma HP, Aryal A, Ji W Ecol Evol 05-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10844760
doi:10.1002/ece3.10924
PMID:38322006
Assessment of Carbon Sequestration in Private Forests across Two Different Physiographic Regions of Nepal: Implications for Conservation and Climate Change Mitigation Joshi R, Shrestha TK, Mishra B, Gautam J, Maharjan B, Gosai KR, Maraseni T, Neupane B Scientifica (Cairo) 04-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10713251
doi:10.1155/2023/6599067
PMID:38089447
Polyherbal and Multimodal Treatments: Kaempferol- and Quercetin-Rich Herbs Alleviate Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease Alexander C, Parsaee A, Vasefi M Biology (Basel) 20-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10669725
doi:10.3390/biology12111453
PMID:37998052
Pharmacological and Chemical Analysis of Bauhinia divaricata L. Using an In Vitro Antiadipogenic Model Islas-Garduño AL, Romero-Cerecero O, Jiménez-Aparicio AR, Tortoriello J, Montiel-Ruiz RM, González-Cortazar M, Zamilpa A Plants (Basel) 08-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10674420
doi:10.3390/plants12223799
PMID:38005696
How do root fungi of Alnus nepalensis and Schima wallichii recover during succession of abandoned land? Balami S, Vašutová M, Chaudhary VK, Cudlín P Mycorrhiza 13-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10752848
doi:10.1007/s00572-023-01124-6
PMID:37702798
A comprehensive review on soft rot disease management in ginger (Zingiber officinale) for enhancing its pharmaceutical and industrial values Yadav D, Gaurav H, Yadav R, Waris R, Afzal K, Chandra Shukla A Heliyon 14-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10395546
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18337
PMID:37539157
Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution Using Shrimp Shell Residue as a Biosorbent after Astaxanthin Recovery Li Y, Zhang L, Liao M, Huang C, Gao J Molecules 05-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10180352
doi:10.3390/molecules28093897
PMID:37175306
Factors Influencing the Potential Distribution of Globally Endangered Egyptian Vulture Nesting Habitat in Nepal Sharma HP, Dhakal S, Bhusal KP, Dhakal H, Gautam R, Joshi AB, Rana DB, Ghimire M, Ghimire S, Belant JL Animals (Basel) 11-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9951647
doi:10.3390/ani13040633
PMID:36830419
Diversity, distribution, and sustainability of traditional medicinal plants in Kaski district, western Nepal Khakurel D, Uprety Y, Ahn G, Cha JY, Kim WY, Lee SH, Rajbhandary S Front Pharmacol 20-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9807671
doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1076351
PMID:36605393

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives / Gallic acid and derivatives / Galloyl esters
2,3-Bis-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)hexopyranose 14213991 Click to see 484.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
galloyl(-2)[galloyl(-3)]b-Man 163082172 Click to see 484.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins
1,2,3,6-Tetra-O-Galloyl-Beta-D-Glucose 73178 Click to see 788.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
1,2,3,6-Tetragalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose 5153644 Click to see 788.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
(3,4,5,12,13,21,22,23-Octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-11-yl) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 13932611 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 634.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[(10R,11R,12R,13R,15R)-3,4,5,12,21,22,23-heptahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-13-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-11-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 14481558 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5C6=C(C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 786.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[(10R,11R,12R,13S,15R)-3,4,5,12,13,21,22,23-octahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-11-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 10461723 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)O)O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 634.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[(11S,12R,13S,14R,15R,38R,39R,41R,42R,59S)-4,5,6,21,22,23,26,27,31,32,33,39,47,48,49,52,53-heptadecahydroxy-9,18,36,44,56,62-hexaoxo-12,13-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2,10,17,29,37,40,43,57,63,64-decaoxaundecacyclo[39.12.5.414,28.111,15.138,42.03,8.019,24.030,35.045,50.051,55.025,61]tetrahexaconta-1(53),3,5,7,19,21,23,25,27,30,32,34,45,47,49,51,54,60-octadecaen-59-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 163036067 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4OC5=C(C(=C6C(=C5)C(=O)OC7C(COC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C86)O)O)O)OC(C(C7OC(=O)C9=CC(=C(C(=C9)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2OC2=C(C(=C(C(=C2)C(=O)O1)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)O3)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O 1721.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[[(10R,11S,12R,13S,15R)-3,4,21,22,23-pentahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-11,12-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-13-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)oxy]benzoyl]oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-5-yl]oxy]benzoate 162866816 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3OC4=C(C5=C6C(=C4)C(=O)OC7=C6C(=CC(=C7O)O)C(=O)O5)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8)O)O)O)OC(=O)C9=CC(=C(C(=C9)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2C2=C(C(=C(C=C2C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)OC1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)OC1C(C(C(OC1O)CO)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O)O)O)O 1721.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[2,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[[3,4,21,22,23-pentahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-11,12-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-13-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)oxy]benzoyl]oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-5-yl]oxy]benzoate 16174391 Click to see 1721.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[3,4,5,13,21,22,23-Heptahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-12-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-11-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 5153915 Click to see 786.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
[4,5,6,21,22,23,26,27,31,32,33,39,47,48,49,52,53-Heptadecahydroxy-9,18,36,44,56,62-hexaoxo-12,13-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-2,10,17,29,37,40,43,57,63,64-decaoxaundecacyclo[39.12.5.414,28.111,15.138,42.03,8.019,24.030,35.045,50.051,55.025,61]tetrahexaconta-1(53),3,5,7,19,21,23,25,27,30,32,34,45,47,49,51,54,60-octadecaen-59-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 16174386 Click to see C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4OC5=C(C(=C6C(=C5)C(=O)OC7C(COC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C86)O)O)O)OC(C(C7OC(=O)C9=CC(=C(C(=C9)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2OC2=C(C(=C(C(=C2)C(=O)O1)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1C(=O)O3)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)O)O 1721.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
2-[(10R,11S,12R,15R)-3,4,5,13,22,23-hexahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-11-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-12-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)benzoyl]oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(19),2,4,6,20,22-hexaen-21-yl]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 101609949 Click to see 1222.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
2-[[(10R,11S,12R,13R,15R)-3,4,5,13,22,23-hexahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-11-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-12-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)oxy]benzoyl]oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-21-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 163084571 Click to see 1254.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
2-[[3,4,5,13,22,23-Hexahydroxy-8,18-dioxo-11-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-12-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(7,13,14-trihydroxy-3,10-dioxo-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaen-6-yl)oxy]benzoyl]oxy-9,14,17-trioxatetracyclo[17.4.0.02,7.010,15]tricosa-1(23),2,4,6,19,21-hexaen-21-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 163084570 Click to see 1254.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
alpha-Pedunculagin 13834142 Click to see C1C2C(C3C(C(O2)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5C(=O)O3)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6C7=C(C(=C(C=C7C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 784.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
CID 11766372 11766372 Click to see 938.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
CID 442690 442690 Click to see C1C2C(C(C(C(O2)O)OC(=O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5C6=C(C(=C(C=C6C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O 786.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Eugeniin 442679 Click to see 938.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Gemin D 471119 Click to see 634.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
GlyTouCan:G69718UQ 9918701 Click to see 786.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Heterophylliin A 471120 Click to see 786.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Pedunculagin 442688 Click to see 784.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Pedunculagin I 492391 Click to see 784.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Schimawalin B 16130316 Click to see 1721.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247
Tellimagrandin Ii 151590 Click to see 938.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.39.2247

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