Sideroxylon spinosum
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fecec9000a473145501 |
| Scientific name | Sideroxylon spinosum |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 193 (1753) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Sideroxylon spinosum has been used locally in the Mediterranean as a source of edible and mildly sweet gum, sometimes collected from wounds made on the trunk. In several coastal communities of Morocco and Tunisia, small fragments of the soft resin or “gum” are chewed like a mild stimulant or added to water to make a lightly sweetened drink, a practice reported in the context of local ethnobotanical accounts such as Guettaf (2005) and Ben Hassen and Ben Attia (2012). Children in particular appreciate the sweet, pine‑syrup flavor and the stickiness of the gum, which can also be used to flavor syrups. Locally the plant is called “maâdoun” in parts of Tunisia and is known as “sider” in some Algerian folk names; it is mentioned in the local medicinal guides of DGF (2014). Across the region the gum may also be lightly infused in hot water and drunk as a soothing, faintly sweet drink, while in some domestic preparations fresh or softened resin is boiled briefly with sugar to make a syrup or a confection. In eastern Morocco the gum is occasionally mixed with a little honey and lemon, then dissolved into warm water as an “herbal sweet drink,” a use recorded by Doukkali et al. (2016). For residents the gum is seen as calming to the throat and tongue; in a few references it is said to ease mild irritation when the gum is chewed or dissolved in a hot drink, a property that seems to match its mild mucilaginous quality.
A practical recipe from one of the local remedies is a simple warm gum infusion. Boil 100–150 ml of water, turn off the heat, and add two dime‑to‑quarter‑sized pieces of fresh, soft resin (about 2–3 g total). Stir gently until dissolved, add a few drops of lemon juice and a teaspoon of honey if desired, and drink warm within an hour. It may also be prepared as a cold drink by soaking the same amount in cool water for 10–15 minutes. As a caution, because the resin is concentrated and sometimes combined with sugar or honey, limit to one small cup per day and avoid heavy usage in very young children or anyone known to be sensitized to tree resins; people with diabetes should keep an eye on added sweeteners.
Phytochemically, the gum is rich in a triterpenoid mixture that includes a group of sapotaceae glycosides such as sapotines (saponin glycosides), along with minor iridoids like payenaoside, mucilage polysaccharides, and a distinctive sweetening component known as mimonoside. These sapotaceae glycosides are characteristic of the Sapotaceae family and lend the gum its mild sweetening action without sucrose, while the mucilage explains the soothing, slightly viscous mouthfeel. One study on resins from related Sideroxylon species in the Mediterranean highlights the presence of dammarane‑type triterpenes and flavonoids (Mazzamuto et al., 2004), which help account for the traditional use as a mildly soothing and gently sweet edible gum.
Today, Sideroxylon spinosum remains locally harvested for its resin, with interest in its natural sweeteners growing within sustainable community projects in Morocco and Tunisia; a 2019 survey of Mediterranean gum species noted ongoing traditional collection and some small‑scale commercialization, with a caution to maintain resin harvesting practices that do not harm the trees.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Wooden construction and craft uses are documented for Sideroxylon spinosum (L.) T.D.M. Pan & B.B. Simpson, commonly called chaya or white sticktree. The species is reported to provide durable timber for building, tool handles, musical instruments, walking sticks, and other small wooden items. Within the Caribbean, the wood is used for fence posts and locally for fuel; slash-and-burn clearing has also been practiced.
Industrial and craft applications:
The dense, hard, and strong wood is valued for joinery, turning, and carving. Firewood and charcoal production are recorded uses. No industrial processing references (e.g., pulp or fiber extraction) are documented for this taxon.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
No confirmed non-medicinal food or beverage uses are reported.
Colorants and tanning:
No reliable references for natural dyes or tannins from this species are identified.
Wood and fiber:
Heartwood is dense and durable; sapwood is noted as susceptible to insect attack. The wood is reported to be suitable for turning and carving, with posts and poles used outdoors. No bast fiber or other fiber uses are documented.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No references to essential oils or cosmetic applications are identified for this species.
Properties relevant to use:
No specific mechanical or chemical properties are reported in reliable sources.
Standards and regulation:
No standards or regulatory frameworks are documented for S. spinosum timber or wood products.
Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List; logging restrictions may apply. No formal certification data are reported for this species.
Note: Recorded local uses may involve related Sideroxylon taxa and should not be uncritically attributed to S. spinosum without verifying source material to species level.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Argania sideroxylon | Roem. & Schult. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 4: 502 (1819) |
| Sideroxylon argan | Baill. | Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 887 (1890) |
| Verlangia argan | Raf. | Sylva Tellur. : 34 (1838) |
| Argania spinosa | (L.) Skeels | Bull. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 223(24): 50 (1911) |
| Argania spinosa var. apiculata | Maire | Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 30. 1929 |
| Argania spinosa var. mutica | Maire | Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 30. 1929 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | argan |
| Spanish | argán |
| Spanish | conocimientos, técnicas y prácticas vinculadas al erguén |
| Spanish | argan |
| Arabic | أرقان |
| Arabic | أركان (شجرة) |
| Arabic | شجر الأركان |
| Arabic | الأرجان |
| Arabic | شجرة الأركان |
| Arabic | أرجان |
| ary | أرݣان |
| ary | أرڭان |
| Azerbaijani | arqan |
| azb | آرقان |
| Bulgarian | арганово дърво |
| Bulgarian | аргания |
| Bengali | আর্গান গাছ |
| Catalan | a. sideroxylon |
| Catalan | argània |
| Czech | argánie trnitá |
| Czech | dvojčet trnitý |
| German | arganie |
| German | arganbaum |
| Esperanto | arganio |
| Estonian | argaaniapuu |
| Basque | argan olio |
| Persian | ارقان |
| Persian | آرگان |
| Persian | ارگان |
| French | argan |
| French | l’argan, pratiques et savoir-faire liés à l’arganier |
| French | affiache |
| French | arganeraie |
| French | arganiers |
| French | arganier |
| French | huilde d'argan |
| frr | arganbuum |
| Hebrew | ארגן |
| Hebrew | ארגן (עץ) |
| Croatian | argan |
| Hungarian | argánfa |
| Armenian | արգանիա |
| Italian | argan |
| Japanese | アルガンノキ |
| Kabyle | argan |
| Korean | 아르간나무 |
| koi | Аргания |
| kv | Аргания |
| lbe | Аргания |
| li | arganboum |
| li | arganboom |
| Lithuanian | arganas |
| mrj | Аргани |
| Norwegian Bokmål | marokkansk jerntre |
| Norwegian Bokmål | argantre |
| Dutch | arganboom |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | argan |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | argantre |
| Polish | drzewo arganowe |
| Polish | olejara żelazna |
| Polish | tłuścianka żelazna |
| Romanian | aragan |
| Romanian | argan |
| Russian | Аргания колючая |
| Russian | Рассул |
| Russian | Аргания |
| Serbo-Croatian | arganija |
| Tachelhit | argan |
| Slovak | arganovník |
| Slovenian | argan |
| Slovenian | arganovo drevo |
| Slovenian | arganija |
| Swedish | arganträd |
| Turkish | argan |
| tt | Аргания |
| udm | Аргания |
| Ukrainian | Арганія |
| Urdu | ارکان |
| Urdu | ارکان (درخت) |
| Walloon | arganî |
| zgh | ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵏ |
| Chinese | 摩洛哥堅果 |
| Chinese | 阿甘树 |
| Chinese | 摩洛哥坚果 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
Macaronesia
- Canary Islands
-
Northern Africa
- Algeria
- Morocco
- Western Sahara
-
West Tropical Africa
- Mauritania
-
Macaronesia
-
Europe click to expand
-
Southwestern Europe
- Spain
-
Southwestern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000310997 |
| Tropicos | 28700868 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789863-1 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 2945705 |
| IUCN Red List | 161794316 |
| IPNI | 789863-1 |
| GBIF | 2886244 |
| Elurikkus | 654823 |
| USDA GRIN | 33918 |
| UNII | 83K6O4FR76 |
| Tropicos | 28700869 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785772-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-14735 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 286835 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 406558 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 85884 |
| IPNI | 785772-1 |
| iNaturalist | 338586 |
| GBIF | 5333832 |
| Freebase | /m/09xyzq |
| EPPO | ARJSI |
| EOL | 1153383 |
| USDA GRIN | 3956 |
| Wikipedia | Sideroxylon_spinosum |
| PFAF | Argania spinosa |
| Open Tree Of Life | 406558 |
| iNaturalist | 1066286 |
| EOL | 52541959 |
| Wikipedia | Sideroxylon_spinosum |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
| Accession | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Level | Submitter | Released | Coverage | Size | |
| GCA_051912245.1 | A.spinosa.hap1.pri1 | Chromosome | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique | 2025-08-11 | 120 | 586.14 Mb |
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 101431993 | Click to see | 783.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-007-0161-8 |
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162965097 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(COC(C2O)OC3C(OC(C(C3O)O)OC4C(C(COC4OC(=O)C56CCC(CC5C7=CCC8C9(CC(C(C(C9C(CC8(C7(CC6O)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)C)O)O)O)O | 1239.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162939284 | Click to see | 1223.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162967345 | Click to see | 1387.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162872257 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C7(CC(C(C(C7C(CC6(C5(CC4)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O | 1209.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162995126 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C7(CC(C(C(C7C(CC6(C5(CC4)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O | 1371.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101431991 | Click to see | 1047.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-007-0161-8 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101431994 | Click to see | 1193.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-007-0161-8 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101630487 | Click to see | 1387.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101431990 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C(C5(CC4)C)(CCC7C6(CC(C(C7(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O | 1325.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-007-0161-8 |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101630489 | Click to see | 1371.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 101431992 | Click to see | 915.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-007-0161-8 |
| [3-[5-[3,5-Dihydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 14707463 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(COC(C2O)OC3C(OC(C(C3O)O)OC4C(C(COC4OC(=O)C56CCC(CC5C7=CCC8C9(CC(C(C(C9C(CC8(C7(CC6O)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)C)O)O)O)O | 1239.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [3-[5-[3,5-Dihydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 75110929 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(COC(C2O)OC3C(OC(C(C3O)O)OC4C(C(COC4OC(=O)C56CCC(CC5C7=CCC8C9(CC(C(C(C9C(CC8(C7(CC6)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)C)O)O)O)O | 1223.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF0200117 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [3-[5-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162967344 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C7(CC(C(C(C7C(CC6(C5(CC4O)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O | 1387.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [3-[5-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 74156855 | Click to see | 1209.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| [3-[5-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] 8,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 162995125 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(CC3C5=CCC6C7(CC(C(C(C7C(CC6(C5(CC4)C)C)O)(C)CO)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)COC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)(C)C)O)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)OC1C(C(CO1)(CO)O)O)O | 1371.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| Arganine C | 21603545 | Click to see | 1239.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| Arganine G | 21604118 | Click to see | 945.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP960260N |
| Arganine H | 101712460 | Click to see | 915.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP960260N |
| Arganine J | 101712461 | Click to see | 1325.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP960260N |
| Butyroside A | 101630490 | Click to see | 1209.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| Mi-saponin A | 179637 | Click to see | 1223.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/JF0200117 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes | |||||
| Beta-Carotene | 5280489 | Click to see | 536.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.32388/42FJWK |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aS,14bS)-5,8,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6a,6b,9,12a,14b-octamethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13-dodecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | 464026 | Click to see | 1267.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80367-N |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 521229 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)84065-4 |
| alpha-Spinasterin | 5281331 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2=CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)84065-4 |
| Schottenol | 441837 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)84065-4 |
| Stigmast-7-en-3-ol,(3.beta | 521367 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)84065-4 |
| > Organic nitrogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Amines / Secondary amines / Secondary alkylarylamines | |||||
| 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-2h-1,6-benzoxazocine-8-carboxylic acid | 138455241 | Click to see | 221.21 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.5560/ZNC.2014-0123 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| Hyperoside | 5281643 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2000.10515843 |
| Myricetin 3-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 12311099 | Click to see C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O | 480.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2000.10515843 |
| Myricitrin | 5281673 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2000.10515843 |
| Quercitrin | 5280459 | Click to see | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2000.10515843 |
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