Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400262c6493554996034
Scientific name Primula farinosa
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 143 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
- No commercial products are reported for this species.

Industrial and craft applications:
- No industrial or craft applications are reported for this species.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- No food or beverage uses are reported for this species.

Colorants and tanning:
- No uses as a dye or tanning agent are reported for this species.

Wood and fiber:
- No timber, fiber, or structural uses are reported for this species.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
- No fragrance or cosmetic uses are reported for this species.

Properties relevant to use:
- No chemical or physical property data that underpins commercial use are reported for this species.

Standards and regulation:
- No sector-specific standards or regulatory frameworks are reported for this species.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- No sustainability or sourcing issues are documented in relation to commercial use of this species.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Primula undulata Fisch. ex Rchb. Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 5: 41 (1827)
Primula warei Stein Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1881: s.p. (1881)
Primula exaltata Lehm. Monogr. Primul. : 57 (1817)
Primula altaica Lehm. Monogr. Primul. : 59 (1817)
Primula lepida Duby Prodr. 8: 44 (1844)
Aleuritia farinosa (L.) Opiz Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. 2(2): 193 (1839)
Androsace farinosa Spreng. Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2: 37 (1815)
Cankrienia farinosa Zoll. Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. 1: 59 (1854)
Primula farinosa var. xanthophylla Trautv. & C.A.Mey. Fl. Ochot. Phaenog. 66. 1856 [Jan 1856] (as 'xanthophyllam')
Primula farinosa subsp. xanthophylla (Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Kitag. Lin. Fl. Manshur. 3512 1939
Primula davurica Lehm. Monogr. Primul. : 58 (1817)
Primula modesta f. alba H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 297 (1948)
Primula farinosa f. alba (H.Hara) T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 78: 297 (2003)
Primula modesta f. nivea H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 93 (1948)
Primula farinosa f. nivea (H.Hara) T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 78: 297 (2003)
Aleuritia farinosa subsp. alpigena (O.Schwarz) Soják Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148: 204 (1979 publ. 1980)
Primula farinosa var. genuina Pax Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 199 (1888)
Primula farinosa var. koreana T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 78: 298 (2003)
Primula farinosa var. americana Torr. Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 213 (1824)
Primula farinosa subsp. alpigena O.Schwarz. Wiss. Z. Friedrich-Schiller-Univ. Jena, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe 17: 330 (1968)
Primula farinosa var. chrysophylla Trautv. & C.A.Mey. Fl. Ochot. Phaenog. 66 (1856)
Primula farinosa var. leucophylla Trautv. & C.A.Mey. Fl. Ochot. Phaenog. 66 (1856)
Primula farinosa var. nana E.S.Arnold & A.J.Richards Primula , new ed.: 270 (2002)
Primula farinosa var. pygmaea Gaudin Fl. Helv. 2: 88 (1828)
Primula farinosa subvar. albiflora Druce Rep. Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 5: 38 (1917)
Primula farinosa f. exscapa Wahlenb. Fl. Suecica 1: 124 (1824)
Primula farinosa var. stricta Wahlenb. Fl. Suecica 1: 124 (1824)
Primula farinosa var. commutata Behm Bot. Not. 1887: 176 (1887)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English bird's eye primrose
Spanish primavera de flor bermeja
Bulgarian розова иглика
Czech prvosenka pomoučená
Welsh briallen flodiog
Danish melet kodriver
German mehl-primel
German mehlige schlüsselblume
German mehlprimel
Estonian pääsusilm
Persian پریمولا فارینوسا
Finnish jauhoesikko
French primevère farineuse
Upper Sorbian mukojty kropačk
Hungarian lisztes kankalin
Icelandic gefnarlykill
Cornish lagas edhen
Lithuanian raktažolė pelenėlė
Latvian bezdelīgactiņa
Latvian parastā bezdelīgactiņa
Dutch melige sleutelbloem
Polish pierwiosnek omączony
Polish pierwiosnka omączona
Russian Первоцвет мучнистый
Russian Примула мучнистая
Samogitian saulės kriesliokā
Slovak prvosienka pomúčená
Slovenian moknati jeglič
Swedish majviva
Chinese 红花粉叶报春
Chinese 粉报春
Chinese 峨山雪莲花

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • Manchuria
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Magadan
      • Primorye
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • Tuva
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • East European Russia
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Great Britain
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Spain

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000483418
Tropicos 26400028
INPN 115868
Flora of Italy 3750
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005260-2
The Plant List kew-2564807
Open Tree Of Life 993540
NCBI Taxonomy 133892
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000003924
IPNI 30005260-2
iNaturalist 50831
GBIF 5414313
Freebase /m/060jwv
EPPO PRIFA
EOL 5507334
Elurikkus 6572
USDA GRIN 410385
Wikipedia Primula_farinosa
CMAUP NPO24329
Plantarium 30300

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_978041845.1 ddPriFari1.hap1.1 Chromosome WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE 2026-01-29 123 1.36 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
A demographic approach for predicting population responses to multifactorial stressors Zettlemoyer MA AoB Plants 02-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10243908
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plad023
PMID:37288426
Some Nanocarrier’s Properties and Chemical Interaction Mechanisms with Flavones Espíndola C Molecules 22-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10051830
doi:10.3390/molecules28062864
PMID:36985836
Ecophysiology of Endangered Plant Species Saussurea esthonica: Effect of Mineral Nutrient Availability and Soil Moisture Gailite A, Andersone-Ozola U, Samsone I, Karlsons A, Ievinsh G Plants (Basel) 16-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9965748
doi:10.3390/plants12040888
PMID:36840236
Site-specific temporal variation of population dynamics in subalpine endemic plant species Jeong H, Cho YC, Kim E Sci Rep 10-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9649610
doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23903-5
PMID:36357477
Disruptive selection via pollinators and seed predators on the height of flowers on a wind‐dispersed alpine herb Chen K, Pannell JR Am J Bot 04-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9828390
doi:10.1002/ajb2.16073
PMID:36194694
Optimization of Propagation of the Polish Strain of Aldrovanda vesiculosa in Tissue Culture Parzymies M, Pogorzelec M, Świstowska A Biology (Basel) 23-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9598617
doi:10.3390/biology11101389
PMID:36290293
Differential plastic responses to temperature and nitrogen deposition in the subalpine plant species, Primula farinosa subsp. modesta Jeong H, Cho YC, Kim E AoB Plants 19-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8501906
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plab061
PMID:34646436
Genetic melting pot and importance of long-distance dispersal indicated in the Gladiolus imbricatus L. populations in the Polish Carpathians Sutkowska A, Mitka J, Warzecha T, Bunk J, Rutkowska J, Bathelt R Sci Rep 17-Aug-2021
PMCID:PMC8370978
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-96135-8
PMID:34404889
Morphological, phytochemical and genetic diversity of threatened Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. populations of different altitudes and habitat types in Himalayan region Suyal R, Jugran AK, Rawal RS, Bhatt ID Physiol Mol Biol Plants 12-Aug-2021
PMCID:PMC8405746
doi:10.1007/s12298-021-01044-9
PMID:34539117
Vertebrate herbivory weakens directional selection for earlier emergence in competition Waterton J, Cleland EE Evol Lett 25-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC8190447
doi:10.1002/evl3.222
PMID:34136274
Multifaceted regulation and functions of fatty acid desaturase 2 in human cancers Li YL, Tian H, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Qi XW Am J Cancer Res 01-Dec-2020
PMCID:PMC7783767
PMID:33414988
Traditional medicinal plants in South Tyrol (northern Italy, southern Alps): biodiversity and use Petelka J, Plagg B, Säumel I, Zerbe S J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 26-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC7690129
doi:10.1186/s13002-020-00419-8
PMID:33243238
A Landscape of Opportunities for Microbial Ecology Research Mony C, Vandenkoornhuyse P, Bohannan BJ, Peay K, Leibold MA Front Microbiol 20-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC7718007
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.561427
PMID:33329422
Redefining floristic zones in the Korean Peninsula using high‐resolution georeferenced specimen data and self‐organizing maps Jung S, Cho Y Ecol Evol 24-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7593177
doi:10.1002/ece3.6790
PMID:33144983
The speciation and adaptation of the polyploids: a case study of the Chinese Isoetes L. diploid-polyploid complex Dai X, Li X, Huang Y, Liu X BMC Evol Biol 14-Sep-2020
PMCID:PMC7490897
doi:10.1186/s12862-020-01687-4
PMID:32928096

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters
Benzyl Benzoate 2345 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)COC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2 212.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters / o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters
Benzyl Salicylate 8363 Click to see 228.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
2'-Hydroxyflavone 161860 Click to see 238.24 unknown via CMAUP database
5-Hydroxyflavone 68112 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=CC=C3O2)O 238.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Flavone 10680 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3O2 222.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Primetin 11055 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=CC(=C3O2)O)O 254.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
3,5-Dihydroxyflavone 5393151 Click to see C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=CC=C3O2)O)O 254.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
Clitorin 11592917 Click to see 740.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Hydroxyflavonoids / Monohydroxyflavonoids
4'-Hydroxyflavone 229016 Click to see C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O 238.24 unknown via CMAUP database

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