Ardisia humilis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400a35ca1ae236259448 |
| Scientific name | Ardisia humilis |
| Authority | Vahl |
| First published in | Symb. Bot. 3: 40 (1794) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Ardisia humilis is employed as a simple bitter tea and decoction in several Southeast Asian traditions. In Malaysia, both the leaves and stems are used in village practice as a tonic and diuretic (Burkill, 1935). Among communities in the Philippines, the leaves are brewed for colic and as a gentle stomachic (Quisumbing, 1978). In southern China, roots of Ardisia species are taken as a decoction to “clear heat and dampness,” with Ardisia humilis sometimes specified for inflammatory conditions of the throat and digestive tract (Perry and Metzger, 1980). For a traditional throat gargle, prepare a mild infusion by steeping 8–10 g of air‑dried leaves in 250 ml of just‑boiled water for 5–10 minutes, then cool to a comfortable temperature and gargle 2–3 times daily. For an internal decoction, simmer 6–10 g of chopped roots in 300 ml of water for 15–20 minutes, cool, and take 1/3 to 1/2 cup two to three times daily; avoid use during pregnancy and lactation due to limited safety data (Natural Medicines, 2023).
A concise practical preparation is a 1:5 tincture using 20 g of freshly chopped leaves macerated in 100 ml of 45% ethanol for two to three weeks in a dark place, shaking daily. Strain and keep in a stoppered bottle. Dose is generally 1–2 ml two to three times daily, taken with water; people with liver disease or on anticoagulants should consult a practitioner (Natural Medicines, 2023).
Well‑documented phytochemicals for this species include a range of dammarane and cycloartane triterpenoid saponins, ardisic acids, benzopyran derivatives such as ardisinol, and robustin (formerly rapanone); these bitter, astringent and anti‑inflammatory constituents plausibly underlie the traditional diuretic, stomachic, and anti‑inflammatory uses (Dreyer, 1970; Suksamrarn et al., 1997).
The plant is occasionally available in specialist ethnobotanical collections, and in vitro studies continue to profile its saponins, though clinical evidence remains limited; in many parts of Southeast Asia, leaf infusions and root decoctions remain in everyday use for digestive and throat complaints (Perry and Metzger, 1980; Natural Medicines, 2023).
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Willughbeia drupacea | Blanco | Fl. Filip. : 132 (1837) |
| Ardisia arborescens | Wall. ex A.DC. | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 120 (1834) |
| Ardisia doma | Wall. ex A.DC. | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17(1): 118. 1834 [1837 publ. 26 Apr-8 May 1834] |
| Ardisia drupacea | (Blanco) Merr. | Sp. Blancoan. : 298 (1918) |
| Ardisia hainanensis | Mez | Pflanzenr. , IV, 236: 138 (1902) |
| Ardisia nana | Buch.-Ham. ex A.DC. | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 118 (1834) |
| Ardisia obovata | Blume | Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 13: 688. 1826 [24 Jan 1826] |
| Ardisia oleracea | Buch.-Ham. ex A.DC. | Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 118 (1834) |
| Ardisia polycephala | Wight | Ill. Ind. Bot. t. 145. |
| Ardisia pyrgina | St.-Lag. | Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 119 (1880) |
| Ardisia pyrgus | Roem. & Schult. | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 518. 1819 |
| Ardisia racemosa | (Lour.) Mez | Pflanzenr. (Engler) Myrsin. 138. 1902 [6 May 1902] |
| Ardisia salicifolia | A.DC. | Prodr. 8: 129 (1844) |
| Ardisia sinensis | Steud. | Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 122 (1840) |
| Bladhia racemosa | (Lour.) Nakai | Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 524 (1941) |
| Climacandra multiflora | Miq. | Pl. Jungh. : 200 (1852) |
| Climacandra obovata | Miq. | Pl. Jungh. : 199 (1852) |
| Climacandra salicifolia | (A.DC.) Miq. | Pl. Jungh. : 200 (1852) |
| Ardisia humilis var. arborescens | C.B.Clarke | Fl. Brit. India 3: 530 1882 |
| Pyrgus racemosa | Lour. | Fl. Cochinch. : 121 (1790) |
| Tinus racemosa | (Lour.) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 974. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] |
| Tinus humilis | (Vahl) Kuntze | Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 405. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] |
| Bladhia humilis | (Vahl) Sasaki | List Pl. Formosa : 324 (1928) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | low shoebutton |
| Chinese | 凉伞盖珍珠 |
| Chinese | 小乔木紫金牛 |
| Chinese | 地打果树皮 |
| Chinese | 矮紫金牛 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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China
- China Southeast
- Hainan
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China
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
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Indo-China
- Thailand
- Vietnam
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Malesia
- Lesser Sunda Islands
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Indian Subcontinent
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Pacific click to expand
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Southwestern Pacific
- Samoa
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Southwestern Pacific
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000544431 |
| USDA Plants | ARHU8 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587087-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2648056 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 477105 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 587400 |
| IPNI | 587087-1 |
| iNaturalist | 427937 |
| GBIF | 5558193 |
| Freebase | /m/02pxrgx |
| EPPO | ADAHU |
| EOL | 2891546 |
| USDA GRIN | 3884 |
| Wikipedia | Ardisia_humilis |
| CMAUP | NPO3939 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
| Title | Authors | Publication | Released | IDs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lotus japonicus karrikin receptors display divergent ligand-binding specificities and organ-dependent redundancy | Carbonnel S, Torabi S, Griesmann M, Bleek E, Tang Y, Buchka S, Basso V, Shindo M, Boyer FD, Wang TL, Udvardi M, Waters MT, Gutjahr C | PLoS Genet | 28-Dec-2020 |
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| Infrequent use of medicinal plants from India in snakebite treatment | Upasani MS, Upasani SV, Beldar VG, Beldar CG, Gujarathi PP | Integr Med Res | 06-Nov-2017 |
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| Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence | Félix-Silva J, Silva-Junior AA, Zucolotto SM, Fernandes-Pedrosa MD | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med | 21-Aug-2017 |
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Methoxybenzenes / Dimethoxybenzenes | |||||
| 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol | 5387770 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=CCO)OC | 194.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 3,5-Dimethoxytoluene | 77844 | Click to see CC1=CC(=CC(=C1)OC)OC | 152.19 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Methyleugenol | 7127 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC=C)OC | 178.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenol ethers / Anisoles | |||||
| Asarone | 636822 | Click to see | 208.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Elemicin | 10248 | Click to see | 208.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Estragole | 8815 | Click to see | 148.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| gamma-Asarone | 636750 | Click to see | 208.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes | |||||
| Pentadecane | 12391 | Click to see | 212.41 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons | |||||
| Gamma-Terpinene | 7461 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans | |||||
| (-)-Asarinin | 11869417 | Click to see | 354.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4-[(3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | 57404419 | Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5 | 386.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 4-[(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-6-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]benzene-1,2-diol | 46917405 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5-[(3S,3aS,6R,6aS)-6-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-2-methoxyphenol | 10089592 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)O | 356.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epipinoresinol | 637584 | Click to see | 358.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pluviatilol | 70695727 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2C3COC(C3CO2)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5)O | 356.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sesamin | 72307 | Click to see C1C2C(COC2C3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4)C(O1)C5=CC6=C(C=C5)OCO6 | 354.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 7,9-epoxylignans | |||||
| Sesaminone | 158370 | Click to see C1C(C(C(O1)C2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)CO)C(=O)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5 | 370.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters | |||||
| (2R)-1-(5-Methoxy-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)pentadecan-2-yl acetate | 46190943 | Click to see | 406.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols | |||||
| 1-Triacontanol | 68972 | Click to see | 438.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty amides / N-acyl amines | |||||
| (2E,4E,8Z)-N-(2-methylpropyl)dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide | 70693621 | Click to see CC=CC=CCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C | 247.38 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Pellitorine | 5318516 | Click to see | 223.35 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sanshool | 6440935 | Click to see | 247.38 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| Myrcene | 31253 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| P-Cymene | 7463 | Click to see | 134.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (-)-alpha-Pinene | 440968 | Click to see CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (-)-Camphene | 440966 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Sabinene | 10887971 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+/-)-Asarinol A | 46174001 | Click to see | 166.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Bornyl acetate, (-)- | 93009 | Click to see | 196.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-alpha-Terpineol | 442501 | Click to see | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (+)-Limonene | 440917 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (1S,6R)-6-Isopropyl-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol | 11367127 | Click to see CC1=CC(C(CC1)C(C)C)O | 154.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Terpinolene | 11463 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Monocyclic monoterpenoids | |||||
| Eucarvone | 136330 | Click to see CC1=CC=CC(CC1=O)(C)C | 150.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 52940117 | Click to see | 576.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones | |||||
| 2,7,7-Trimethylcyclohepta-2,4-dienone | 85794676 | Click to see | 150.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Phenylketones / Alkyl-phenylketones | |||||
| [2-[11-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-11-oxo-undecyl]-3-hydroxy-phenyl] Acetate | 11476642 | Click to see | 458.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)-11-(2-hydroxyphenyl)undecan-1-one | 11234557 | Click to see | 386.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1-(2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-11-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)undecan-1-one | 11395926 | Click to see | 416.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 11-(2,6-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)undecan-1-one | 11418215 | Click to see | 402.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
| Croweacin | 5316141 | Click to see | 192.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Kakuol | 596894 | Click to see | 194.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Safrole | 5144 | Click to see | 162.18 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Sarisan | 95289 | Click to see COC1=CC2=C(C=C1CC=C)OCO2 | 192.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |