Diospyros crassiflora
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64401747ab364691167615 |
| Scientific name | Diospyros crassiflora |
| Authority | Hiern |
| First published in | Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 12: 260 (1873) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Wood and fiber:
Fragrance and cosmetics:
Properties relevant to use:
Standards and regulation:
Sustainability and sourcing:
Common products:
The principal commercial product of Diospyros crassiflora is sawn or sliced heartwood, supplied as timber, veneer, and turning/carving blanks for high-value craft and instrument applications.
Wood and fiber:
The extremely dense, fine-textured, uniformly black heartwood is valued for turnery, carving, inlay, and specialty blanks. The species is a traditional source of ebony for fingerboards, tailpieces, nuts, bridges, and pegs on bowed and plucked string instruments; it is also used for fine tool handles, knife scales, chess pieces, brush backs, and small cabinetry. The wood is typically supplied as thick stock for turning, cut to finished dimensions for instrument components, and as rotary or sliced veneer for accent work.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No documented fragrance, cosmetic, or aromatic applications have been reported for D. crassiflora.
Properties relevant to use:
The heartwood is extremely dense and hard, with a fine, interlocked grain that accepts a high natural polish, resulting in deep, uniform black color and lustrous finish. These properties underpin its suitability for precision turning, carving, and fine instrument parts where dimensional stability and durability are essential. Like many ebony-type Diospyros, the heartwood is reported to be very durable and highly resistant to insect attack, contributing to long service life in finished goods.
Standards and regulation:
Processing and grading typically follow general hardwood timber standards and instrument-making norms (e.g., ISO 13061 for small clear wood specimens; standardized Janka hardness and dimensional stability tests). Trade is subject to applicable national timber and CITES/EU timber regulations for African hardwoods.
Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is harvested in Central and West Africa, and supply is constrained by habitat preferences and market demand. Procurement relies on certified forests and compliance with regional timber regulations to mitigate overharvesting.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Diospyros ampullacea | Gürke | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 329 (1909) |
| Diospyros evila | Pierre ex A.Chev. | Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 270 (1917) |
| Diospyros incarnata | Gürke ex De Wild. | Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 5, 2[3]: 335. 1908, nomen; et in Engl. Jahrb. xliii 213 (1909), descr. |
| Diospyros incarnata | Gürke | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 213 (1909) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | ebony |
| English | gabon ebony |
| Arabic | خرمال سميك الأزهار |
| German | ebenholz |
| Japanese | アフリカンエボニー |
| Japanese | ディオスピュロス・クラスィフロラ |
| Chinese | 厚瓣乌木 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Africa click to expand
-
West Tropical Africa
- Nigeria
-
West-central Tropical Africa
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Congo
- Gabon
- Zaïre
-
West Tropical Africa
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000648727 |
| Tropicos | 11500450 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322276-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2769577 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 945375 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 570480 |
| IUCN Red List | 33048 |
| IPNI | 322276-1 |
| iNaturalist | 191530 |
| GBIF | 4070878 |
| Freebase | /m/0gx12p3 |
| EPPO | DOSCF |
| USDA GRIN | 411823 |
| Wikipedia | Diospyros_crassiflora |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthoquinones | |||||
| Plumbagin | 10205 | Click to see | 188.18 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Betulinic Acid | 64971 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy- | 2371 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)- | 521518 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
| Lupeol | 259846 | Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
| Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)- | 220774 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 122544 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| 2-[[17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 73072970 | Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 574.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Stigmasterol | 5280794 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Stigmasterol Glucoside | 6602508 | Click to see | 574.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Coumarin glycosides | |||||
| [(3R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(5-methyl-2-oxochromen-4-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxolan-3-yl]methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate | 162980703 | Click to see | 590.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| [3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(5-methyl-2-oxochromen-4-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxolan-3-yl]methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate | 162980702 | Click to see | 590.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| 4-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[[(2S,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-methylchromen-2-one | 162856531 | Click to see CC1=C2C(=CC=C1)OC(=O)C=C2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)COC4C(C(CO4)(CO)O)O)O)O)O | 470.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| 4-[6-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-methylchromen-2-one | 162856530 | Click to see | 470.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Furanocoumarins / Angular furanocoumarins | |||||
| Crassiflorone | 11674902 | Click to see | 360.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 4-hydroxycoumarins | |||||
| Gerberinol | 54714260 | Click to see | 364.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 44575467 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 594.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside | 13915496 | Click to see | 594.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2010.05.011 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isochromanequinones / Benzoisochromanequinones | |||||
| 5-Hydroxy-16-methyl-13,21-dioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,11.04,9.015,20]docosa-1(14),2(11),4(9),5,7,15,17,19-octaene-3,10,22-trione | 102060433 | Click to see | 360.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TETLET.2006.03.006 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |