Momordica cochinchinensis
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ff5f8c1f42347545950 |
| Scientific name | Momordica cochinchinensis |
| Authority | Spreng. |
| First published in | Syst. Veg. 3: 14 (1826) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Gac is most widely used in traditional Southeast Asian medicine as a topical preparation from its seed oil, while the leaves are occasionally brewed as a tea to help reduce fever. Among villages in northeastern Thailand, gac seed oil is rubbed on dry, inflamed skin, burns, and wounds (Boonsatean et al., 2022). In northern Vietnam and parts of southern China, the leaves are sometimes infused or decocted and taken to lower fever and ease minor inflammation (Nguyen and Vu, 2020; Nguyen et al., 2016). In India and Bangladesh, practitioners apply gac seed oil to the skin for eczema and minor dermatitis and mix it with honey to heal superficial wounds (Ali et al., 2017). Within the same region, the dark-red aril around the seeds is rarely used as a gentle, medicinal tea for cough relief or to calm sore throats (Ren et al., 2018).
A practical preparation can be made as a 1:5 ethanol tincture of gac seed oil. Measure 20 g of edible gac seed oil in a clean glass jar. Add 100 mL of 40% ethanol (about 1 cup), stir well, seal, and macerate in the dark for 14 days, shaking once or twice each day. Strain through cheesecloth and store in an amber bottle. For topical use, apply a few drops to clean, affected skin two to three times daily; do not ingest the tincture. Safety notes: because gac oil is highly pigmented, keep it away from clothing and skin exposed to sunlight to avoid staining; in rare cases it may irritate and should be discontinued if redness increases. Pregnant and breastfeeding individuals should avoid oral use; consult a qualified practitioner before internal use.
Well-established phytochemicals in gac seed oil and aril plausibly support these uses. The oil is unusually rich in beta‑carotene and lycopene, and in tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E), all of which have long been studied for antioxidant, skin‑protective, and anti‑inflammatory actions (Stahl and Sies, 2005; Vuong et al., 2014). The aril also contains these pigments, consistent with the gentle tea used for cough.
Modern relevance: gac seed oil is widely available in Southeast Asian markets and increasingly online, and clinical trials are exploring its eye‑health benefits, while traditional topical and leaf‑tea practices persist (Do et al., 2014).
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Aril-based food colorant (gac powder, gac paste, and gac oil) from Momordica cochinchinensis is used to impart a deep red hue and a mild, neutral aroma to rice dishes (e.g., xôi gấc), sticky rice wine, beverages, ice cream, and bakery icings. Seed oil is marketed for cosmetic use.
Industrial and craft applications:
Limited; the plant is primarily processed to separate the aril for colorant production and the seeds for oil pressing.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Aril fractions (with seeds or seed-free) are sun- or tray-dried and milled into powder or converted into oil. Products include natural food colorants and specialty fats for confectionery and bakery applications. Gac powder is standardized to carotenoid content and used in instant foods and beverages; the oil is used as an edible fat where a red hue is desired.
Colorants and tanning:
The aril is a natural reddish-orange colorant rich in beta-carotene and lycopene, used in the above food applications. No documented tanning use.
Wood and fiber:
No documented timber or fiber use.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
Cold-pressed seed oil is used in cosmetic formulations for skin care and anti-aging products due to its high beta-carotene and lycopene content, which provide emollient properties and antioxidant capacity. The aril powder is also employed as a natural pigment in lip and cheek color products.
Properties relevant to use:
- Aril colorant: high beta-carotene and lycopene levels yield intense orange–red hues stable at low to moderate pH and light; heat and oxygen degrade pigments.
- Seed oil: typical fatty-acid profile includes high oleic and linoleic acids with beta-carotene; saponification and iodine values are reported in analytical literature for edible oils; refractive index and peroxide value are used for quality control. No speculation.
Standards and regulation:
In Vietnam, national food safety regulations apply to gac colorant products (Circular 27/2012/TT-BYT and related). For edible oils in international trade, relevant specifications include ISO 660 (edible vegetable and animal oils—determination of acid value) and ISO 3960 (peroxide value); for food safety management, ISO 22000 (food safety management systems) is applicable. Cosmetic formulations and colorants must comply with regional cosmetics rules (e.g., ASEAN Cosmetic Directive; EU Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009), including permitted colorants and safety assessments.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Cultivated extensively in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam and Thailand, where it is grown in home gardens and smallholder farms. Primary supply is from fruit aril and seed fractions after fruit processing; agronomic sustainability is enhanced by low-input cultivation, integration into mixed cropping systems, and community-level drying/processing operations.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Momordica suringarii | Cogn. | Monogr. Phan. 3: 434 (1881) |
| Muricia cochinchinensis | Lour. | Fl. Cochinch. : 596 (1790) |
| Momordica ovata | Cogn. | Monogr. Phan. 3: 446 (1881) |
| Momordica meloniflora | Hand.-Mazz. | Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 58: 94 (1921) |
| Momordica mixta | Roxb. | Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 709 (1832) |
| Momordica sphaeroidea | Blanco | Fl. Filip. : 771 (1837) |
| Momordica macrophylla | Gage | Rec. Bot. Surv. India 3: 61 (1905) |
| Zucca commersoniana | Ser. | Prodr. 3: 319 (1828) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | balsam pear |
| English | gac |
| English | balsampear |
| Spanish | gac |
| Arabic | جاك (فاكهة) |
| Assamese | হাতী কেৰেলা |
| Assamese | ভাত কেৰেলা |
| Azerbaijani | koxinxin momordikası |
| Azerbaijani | koxinxin momordiki |
| azb | کوخینخین موموردیکی |
| German | gac |
| Esperanto | gako |
| Persian | کدو خاردار |
| French | gac |
| Indonesian | pupia |
| Indonesian | tepurang |
| Japanese | ナンバンカラスウリ |
| Korean | 걱 |
| lad | gac |
| lbe | Гак |
| lzh | 木鱉子 |
| Malayalam | മുള്ളൻ പാവൽ |
| mrj | Гак |
| Polish | przepękla indochińska |
| Polish | gac |
| Russian | Гак |
| szy | nipaluma-sukuy |
| Telugu | అడవికాకర |
| Thai | ฟักข้าว |
| udm | Гак |
| Vietnamese | gấc |
| Vietnamese | cây gấc |
| Yoruba | gac |
| Chinese | 一种维管植物 |
| Chinese | 老鼠拉冬瓜 |
| Chinese | 番木鳖 |
| Chinese | 木鳖 |
| Chinese | 大叶木鳖子 |
| Chinese | 木虌子 |
| Chinese | 木鳖果 |
| Chinese | 木鱉果 |
| Chinese | 木鱉子 |
| Chinese | 糯饭果 |
| Chinese | 木鳖子根 |
| Chinese | 木鳖子*(木鳖） |
| Chinese | 木鳖子 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Tibet
-
Eastern Asia
- Taiwan
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
-
Indo-China
- Andaman Islands
- Cambodia
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Nicobar Nicobar
- Thailand
- Vietnam
-
Malesia
- Borneo
- Jawa
- Malaya
- Maluku
- Philippines
- Sulawesi
- Sumatera
-
Papuasia
- New Guinea
-
Indian Subcontinent
-
Australasia click to expand
-
Australia
- Queensland
-
Australia
-
Southern America click to expand
-
Caribbean
- Trinidad-Tobago
-
Caribbean
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000376897 |
| UNII | 9A41EKO05F |
| USDA Plants | MOCO5 |
| Tropicos | 9201691 |
| INPN | 706544 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:293419-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2372841 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 955547 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 3674 |
| IPNI | 293419-1 |
| iNaturalist | 431329 |
| GBIF | 2874580 |
| Freebase | /m/02pybmt |
| EPPO | MOMCO |
| EOL | 483972 |
| USDA GRIN | 24521 |
| Wikipedia | Gac |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives / Yohimbine alkaloids | |||||
| methyl (1S,3R,4R,4aS,5aS,6R,10aR)-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2'-oxospiro[1,3,4,4a,5,5a,7,8,10,10a-decahydropyrano[3,4-f]indolizine-6,3'-1H-indole]-4-carboxylate | 162997621 | Click to see | 386.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969448 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163101946 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163101948 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 124518866 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)C | 795.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163067024 | Click to see | 897.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163067025 | Click to see | 897.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 124485166 | Click to see | 632.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163009493 | Click to see | 764.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aS,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 163012545 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C | 927.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methoxycarbonyl-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | 162892523 | Click to see | 779.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| 3-O-xylyl(1-3)glucosiduronic acid-oleanolic acid-28-O-glucoside | 14162553 | Click to see | 927.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| 6-[[4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-Heptamethyl-8a-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 13909679 | Click to see | 795.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Calendulaglycoside F | 5104673 | Click to see | 632.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Hemsloside Ma 2 | 14162569 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| methyl (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate | 162980717 | Click to see | 941.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Momordin I | 14162549 | Click to see | 764.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Momordin Ia | 14162560 | Click to see | 779.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Momordin Ie | 14162563 | Click to see | 897.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Momordin II | 102004719 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C | 927.10 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| Momordin Ii (oleanolic Acid) | 188370 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C | 927.10 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| momordine I | 44202126 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C | 764.90 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1248/BPB.21.1231 https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Eudesmanolides, secoeudesmanolides, and derivatives | |||||
| rel-(3aR,4aR,5S,8aR,9aR)-5-Hydroxy-5,8a-dimethyl-3-methylenedecahydronaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(3H)-one | 10332357 | Click to see | 250.33 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80773-8 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10S,12aS,14bR)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-12-oxo-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,13,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid | 162980132 | Click to see | 470.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)89294-7 |
| 10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-12-oxo-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,13,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid | 14489124 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(C(=O)CC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C | 470.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)89294-7 |
| 3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid | 619166 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.55.5_467 |
| Oleanolic Acid | 10494 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/YAKUSHI1881.55.5_467 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| Chondrillasterol | 5283663 | Click to see | 412.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969046 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds | |||||
| Hex-2-ulofuranosyl hexopyranoside | 1115 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O | 342.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| Sucrose | 5988 | Click to see | 342.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides | |||||
| D-(-)-Fructose | 5984 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| D-Fructose | 2723872 | Click to see | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses | |||||
| D-Glucose | 5793 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| D(+)-Glucose | 107526 | Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1248/CPB.33.1 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthopyrans | |||||
| (2S,4AR,6aR,7R,10R,10aS,10bS)-2-(furan-3-yl)-7-hydroxy-6a,10b-dimethyl-4a,5,6,6a,7,10,10a,10b-octahydro-1H-10,7-(epoxymethano)benzo[f]isochromene-4,12(2H)-dione | 442015 | Click to see CC12CCC3C(=O)OC(CC3(C1C4C=CC2(C(=O)O4)O)C)C5=COC=C5 | 358.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969448 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |