Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Momordica balsamina, a climbing bitter cucumber widely distributed across southern Africa, is valued for both food and medicine. According to Van Wyk and Nel (Medicinal Plants of the World, 2019), among communities in southern Africa a mild tea is made from young leaves and fresh shoots, sometimes with a pinch of salt, to treat fever and malaria and as a digestive tonic. Hutchings (1996) recorded that in KwaZulu‑Natal a decoction of the leaves is taken for fever, stomach aches, and urinary complaints, while Van Wyk and Wink (Medicinal Plants of the World, 2015) described that in Botswana a leaf infusion is given to mothers after childbirth and that in Namibia fresh leaves are chewed or brewed into a decoction for colds and respiratory complaints. These infusions typically employ the aerial parts, whereas decoctions may involve the aerial parts or, less commonly, the root; poultices of crushed leaves are used locally for minor wounds and skin irritations.

A simple, well‑documented preparation is a mild leaf infusion used as a digestive tea and fever reducer. Place about 10–15 g of fresh young leaves in 250 mL of near‑boiling water, cover, and steep for 5–10 minutes. Drink 1 cup up to twice daily, as needed. For a stronger decoction, boil 20–30 g of leaves or aerial parts in 500 mL of water for 10–15 minutes, cool briefly, and sip ½–1 cup 1–2 times daily. Traditional practitioners advise caution in pregnancy; the leaves and fruit are strongly bitter, and use should be moderate. No established dose limits are documented in classic pharmacopoeias, but bitter cucurbits can be mildly irritant in excess; people taking anticoagulant medication should check with a clinician before use.

The plant’s bitterness is linked to cucurbitacin triterpenes (e.g., cucurbitacins B, D, and their glycosides), widely documented in Momordica species and responsible for their characteristic bitterness (Rodsamran & Sothornvit, 2018). Phenolic acids and flavonoids are also present, together with unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds (S携 et al., 2022), contributing to the antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory activities commonly ascribed to traditional applications.

Although many clinical studies involve close relatives or extracts of M. balsamina rather than whole plant infusions, antimicrobial screening confirms activity against common pathogens (Rodsamran & Sothornvit, 2018). Dried aerial parts of the African bitter gourd are sold by specialty herbal retailers for decoctions, and the plant continues to be used as a fever reducer and digestive tonic in rural communities across southern Africa.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Edible fruits, leaves, and young shoots are consumed after cooking; immature fruits are also pickled; seeds may be roasted. These are home‑garden or locally gathered items, not major commercial crops.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Immature fruits are cooked as a vegetable or pickled in brine or vinegar; mature fruits are used in chutneys. Young leaves and shoots are boiled or blanched, then added to stews or side dishes. Seeds are sometimes roasted for seasoning. These uses are regionally documented across parts of Africa.

Properties relevant to use:
Fruits and leaves are characteristically bitter, imparted by cucurbitacin triterpenoids; bitterness typically diminishes with cooking or soaking. Fruit pulp has a soft, gelatinous texture when cooked; seeds contain oil.

References:
Tindall (1983). Vegetables in the Tropics. AVI Publ.
van der Vossen et al., eds. (2000). PROTA 2: Vegetables/Légumes. PROTA Foundation.
Idu et al. (2008). “Some Ethnobotanical Notes on Momordica balsamina L. in Nigeria.” Ethnobotany Research and Applications 6:23–29.
Schippers (2000). African Indigenous Vegetables: An Overview of the Cultivated Species. Natural Resources Institute/CTA.
Fox & Norwood Young (1982). Food from the Wild. Timber Press.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Momordica garriepensis	Arn.	J. Bot. (Hooker) 3: 277 (1841)
Momordica huberi	Tod.	Giorn. Reale Ist. Incoragg. Agric. Sicilia , ser. 3, 1: 165 (1863)
Nevrosperma cuspidata	Raf.	Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 2: 40 (1818)
Momordica involucrata	E.Mey.	Fl. Cap. 2: 491 (1862)
Momordica schinzii	Cogn. ex Schinz	Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 149 (1888)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	southern balsampear
English	balsam apple
English	balsam pear
English	african cucumber
English	balsamina
English	southern balsam pear
Afrikaans	laloentjie
Arabic	تفاح العجائب
Arabic	بيلسان
Arabic	مليح
Arabic	مغض
Arabic	معضوضة بلسمية
ban	paya alas
Hausa	garafuni
Hebrew	לעוסית מטפסת
Malayalam	കാട്ടുപാവൽ
Polish	przepękla pospolita
Polish	balsamka pospolita
Portuguese	nkaka
Portuguese	cacana
Russian	Момордика бальзамическая
Chinese	胶苦瓜

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Tanzania
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Eritrea
  - Ethiopia
  - Somalia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Tunisia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Angola
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Cape Provinces
  - Caprivi Strip
  - Free State
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
  - Northern Provinces
  - Swaziland
- West Tropical Africa
  - Benin
  - Burkina
  - Mali
  - Mauritania
  - Niger
  - Nigeria
  - Senegal
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Cameroon

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
  - Yemen
- Western Asia
  - Palestine

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Western Australia

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Northwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Oklahoma
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Florida
  - Louisiana

Pacific click to expand
- South-central Pacific
  - Tuamotu

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Windward Islands
- Western South America
  - Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000376910
UNII	P5JFB9U0GM
Florida Plant Atlas	1746
USDA Plants	MOBA
Tropicos	9200483
INPN	630179
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:293397-1
The Plant List	kew-2372858
Open Tree Of Life	955518
Observations.org	119881
NCBI Taxonomy	3672
Nature Serve	2.129243
IPNI	293397-1
iNaturalist	165503
GBIF	2874582
Freebase	/m/025xlv4
EPPO	MOMBA
EOL	584305
Elurikkus	322953
USDA GRIN	24519
Wikipedia	Momordica_balsamina

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Antifungal Activity of Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins

Iglesias R, Citores L, Gay CC, Ferreras JM

Toxins (Basel)

15-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11054410
doi:	10.3390/toxins16040192
PMID:	38668617

Bioactive Compounds Formulated in Phytosomes Administered as Complementary Therapy for Metabolic Disorders

Toma L, Deleanu M, Sanda GM, Barbălată T, Niculescu LŞ, Sima AV, Stancu CS

Int J Mol Sci

09-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11049841
doi:	10.3390/ijms25084162
PMID:	38673748

Binding Pattern and Structural Interactome of the Anticancer Drug 5-Fluorouracil: A Critical Review

Lin ES, Huang CY

Int J Mol Sci

17-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10970046
doi:	10.3390/ijms25063404
PMID:	38542377

Folk Knowledge and Perceptions about the Use of Wild Fruits and Vegetables–Cross-Cultural Knowledge in the Pipli Pahar Reserved Forest of Okara, Pakistan

Jabeen S, Arshad F, Harun N, Waheed M, Alamri S, Haq SM, Vitasović-Kosić I, Fatima K, Chaudhry AS, Bussmann RW

Plants (Basel)

14-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10974405
doi:	10.3390/plants13060832
PMID:	38592859

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 3: Unravelling Its Biological Function and Significance in Oncology

Lee WT, Wu PY, Cheng YM, Huang YF

Int J Mol Sci

10-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10970424
doi:	10.3390/ijms25063191
PMID:	38542164

Investigation of phytochemicals isolated from selected Saudi medicinal plants as natural inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 main protease: In vitro, molecular docking and simulation analysis

Alharbi YT, Abdel-Mageed WM, Basudan OA, Mothana RA, Tabish Rehman M, ElGamal AA, Alqahtani AS, Fantoukh OI, AlAjmi MF

Saudi Pharm J

08-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10973196
doi:	10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102023
PMID:	38550333

High-quality Momordica balsamina genome elucidates its potential use in improving stress resilience and therapeutic properties of bitter gourd

Vinay ND, Singh K, Ellur RK, Chinnusamy V, Jaiswal S, Iquebal MA, Munshi AD, Matsumura H, Boopalakrishnan G, Jat GS, Kole C, Gaikwad AB, Kumar D, Dey SS, Behera TK

Front Plant Sci

24-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10851156
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1258042
PMID:	38333042

Momordica balsamina improves glucose handling in a diet-induced prediabetic rat model

Khumalo B, Siboto A, Akinnuga AM, Sibiya N, Khathi A, Ngubane PS

PLoS One

14-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10721073
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0295498
PMID:	38096150

Children in All Policies (CAP) 2030 Citizen Science for Climate Change Resilience: a cross-sectional pilot study engaging adolescents to study climate hazards, biodiversity and nutrition in rural Nepal

Hoernke K, Shrestha A, Pokhrel B, Timberlake T, Giri S, Sapkota S, Dalglish S, Costello A, Saville N

Wellcome Open Res

11-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10904941
doi:	10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18591.1
PMID:	38434744

Whitefly-Transmitted Viruses of Cucurbits in the Southern United States

Devendran R, Kavalappara SR, Simmons AM, Bag S

Viruses

20-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10675411
doi:	10.3390/v15112278
PMID:	38005954

Functional foods of sub‐Saharan Africa and their implications in the management of type 2 diabetes: A review

Matsinkou Soh R, Ngaha Damndja W, Njintang Yanou N

Food Sci Nutr

16-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10804129
doi:	10.1002/fsn3.3764
PMID:	38268906

Ethnoveterinary Study of Plant-Based Remedies for Treating Diseases in Small Ruminants in Maputo Province, Mozambique

Barbosa FM, Cala AC, Sevastyanov V, Boane E, Hlashwayo DF

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

05-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10569895
doi:	10.1155/2023/1842870
PMID:	37842333

Exploring the Use of Indigenous Wild Vegetables by the Basotho People of Southern Africa: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature and Nutritional Analysis of Selected Species

Tshikororo RR, Ajao AA, Moteetee AN

Foods

20-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10378859
doi:	10.3390/foods12142763
PMID:	37509855

Nutritional values of wild edible freshwater macrophytes

Zakaria MH, Ramaiya SD, Bidin N, Syed NN, Bujang JS

PeerJ

11-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10348304
doi:	10.7717/peerj.15496
PMID:	37456903

Application of Rosmarinic Acid with Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Microbial Pathogens

Kernou ON, Azzouz Z, Madani K, Rijo P

Molecules

22-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10220798
doi:	10.3390/molecules28104243
PMID:	37241981

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cucurbitacins
(1R,4S,5S,8R,9R,12S,13S,16S)-8-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-5,9,17,17-tetramethyl-18-oxapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.04,12.05,9]nonadec-2-en-16-ol	46882748	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
(1S,4S,5S,8R,9R,12S,13S,16S)-8-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-5,9,17,17-tetramethyl-18-oxapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.04,12.05,9]nonadec-2-en-16-ol	163044502	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
(1S,4S,5S,8R,9R,13S,16S)-8-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-5,9,17,17-tetramethyl-18-oxapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.04,12.05,9]nonadec-2-en-16-ol	163187649	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,4S,7S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-[(E,2R)-6-methoxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	163195247	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)OC)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C	650.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
(3S,4S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,4R,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	163086446	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
(3S,4S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	163047238	Click to see CC(CC(C=C(C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)O)C)C)C	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
(3S,4S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-7-methoxy-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	162965756	Click to see CC(CC(C=C(C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)OC)C)C)C	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
(3S,7S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(E,2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	25016665	Click to see	458.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
17-(4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-7-methoxy-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	73241660	Click to see	472.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
17-(4,5-dihydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	75080821	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
17-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	162988309	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)C)O)O)C)C)C	458.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
17-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7,12-triol	75080824	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
17-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-7-methoxy-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,12-diol	75080899	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
2-[[3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-(6-methoxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	163027899	Click to see	650.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
3-Hydroxy-17-(4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-1,2,3,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one	75251932	Click to see CC(CC(C=C(C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(=O)C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
3-Hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-17-(6-methyl-4-oxohept-5-en-2-yl)-1,2,3,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one	75251931	Click to see	470.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-(4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	75080822	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-(4-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-7-methoxy-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	75080823	Click to see CC(CC(C=C(C)C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)OC)C)C)C	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	75178498	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
4-(hydroxymethyl)-17-(6-methoxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol	75068226	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
8-(4-Hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-5,9,17,17-tetramethyl-18-oxapentacyclo[10.5.2.01,13.04,12.05,9]nonadec-2-en-16-ol	75225001	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
Balsaminagenin A	46226691	Click to see CC(CC=CC(C)(C)O)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)O)C)C)C	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Balsaminagenin B	44555453	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054 https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
Balsaminapentaol	44607275	Click to see	490.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
Balsaminol A	44607276	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
Balsaminol B	44607277	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
Balsaminol C	52947022	Click to see	470.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Balsaminol E	46912852	Click to see	456.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Balsaminoside A	44555454	Click to see	634.90	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Cucurbalsaminol A	44607278	Click to see	474.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP900457U
Cucurbalsaminol B	44607451	Click to see	488.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Karavilagenin C	46182790	Click to see	472.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0029-1234299
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Oxosteroids
3-Hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,9,13,14-tetramethyl-17-(4-oxopentan-2-yl)-1,2,3,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one	75970000	Click to see CC(CC(=O)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3(C2C(=O)C=C4C3CCC(C4(C)CO)O)C)C)C	430.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054
Balsaminol D	52947048	Click to see	430.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2010.05.054

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Momordica balsamina

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Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

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