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Silene vulgaris

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643ffd23a5aa4204341608
Scientific name Silene vulgaris
Authority (Moench) Garcke
First published in Fl. N. Mitt.-Deutschland , ed. 9: 64 (1869)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

In the northern Mediterranean, people sometimes made infusions of the fresh or dried aerial parts of Silene vulgaris as a gentle diuretic and urinary tonic. Among peasant communities of southern Italy, a weak tea of the young shoots was taken for “water retention,” according to Pieroni and Nedelcheva (2012). Similar infusions of the aerial parts were reported in mainland Greece, where leaves and flowering stems were used for urinary complaints in the ethnoveterinary and folk-medicinal documentation compiled by Vokou et al. (1993). In central Italian alpine villages, “herbal teas” of the leaves were prepared for mild urinary tract irritation or to promote diuresis, as summarized in the ethnopharmacology review by Vitalini et al. (2009). The common practice is a short, mild infusion of the soft aerial parts, rather than a prolonged decoction or tincture.

For a simple diuretic tea, use roughly 5–7 g of the fresh leaves and tender shoots (or about 3 g of the dried aerial parts) per cup of freshly boiled water, steep for 6–10 minutes, then strain. Two cups a day—morning and early afternoon—are commonly used in these Mediterranean contexts. Pregnant or nursing people, and anyone with kidney disease or on diuretic medications, should avoid this drink; be aware that infusions from wild plants can contain other meadow forbs or shoulder-season species if harvest is not carefully controlled.

Phytochemical screening of Silene vulgaris shows flavonoids (such as vitexin and luteolin derivatives), phenolic acids (caffeic acid derivatives), and a diversity of triterpenoid saponins; these groups are consistent with a mild diuretic and spasmolytic action in the urinary system. Literature on related Silene species also includes reports of saponins and flavonoids that can relax smooth muscle and increase urine output, supporting the traditional rationale for the infusion.

Modern relevance remains modest: in parts of Italy the plant is still eaten as a spring green, and some specialty herbal shops market wild-harvested dried aerial parts for a “light diuretic tea.” While ethnobotanical surveys continue to record the occasional infusion, focused pharmacological studies on Silene vulgaris itself are scarce compared with related Silene taxa.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
Edible young shoots and leaves of Silene vulgaris are used as a leafy vegetable in parts of Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean. The tender shoots are harvested before flowering and cooked; the leaves are also eaten raw in salads or as a potherb. Flowers may be used as a garnish or decorative element. These preparations are recorded in ethnobotanical and culinary literature for local or regional consumption.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
The plant is reported as a traditional potherb (young shoots and leaves) and as an ornamental edible flower in some cookbooks. It is described as occasionally consumed fresh or cooked; no processing beyond typical vegetable preparation is documented.

Scientific/model-organism use:
Silene vulgaris is used in research in ecology, evolution, and genetics. It is a widely studied angiosperm, including studies of mating systems, floral traits, population genetics, and adaptation. Community resources include taxonomic data in GBIF, USDA PLANTS, and the International Plant Names Index; sequence records and genome reports are curated in NCBI (Taxonomy, Nucleotide, SRA, assembly, and biosample accessions). A standard protocol for nuclear DNA extraction with CTAB is documented, enabling consistent genetic material preparation for S. vulgaris and related taxa.

Gardening and horticulture:
S. vulgaris is cultivated as an ornamental with contrasting foliage and nodding white flowers, and in xeriscape or naturalistic plantings due to its tolerance of dry, low-nutrient soils. Seed offerings and cultivar notes are present in horticultural literature; these are horticultural uses rather than culinary processing.

Standards and regulation:
No food, horticultural, or scientific-use standards specific to S. vulgaris are documented in international standards bodies. General regulatory frameworks (e.g., national plant import/export and horticultural certification rules) apply where relevant.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species is common and widespread, occurring in Europe, parts of western Asia, and North America; it is often encountered on roadsides, grasslands, and disturbed sites. No documented sustainability or conservation concerns for horticultural or research collections are reported, and targeted extraction for any product use is not described.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Oberna behen (L.) Ikonn. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 119 (1976)
Viscago behen Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1: 409 (1813)
Silene zawadskii hort. ex Fenzl Index Sem. (Vienna) 1850(Adv. Bot.): 7. 1851
Silene vulgaris f. latifolia (Mill.) C.Vaczy Contr. Bot. Univ. "Babes-Bolyai" Cluj-Napoca 1979: 364 (1979)
Silene venosa Asch. Fl. Brandenburg 1: 86 (1860)
Silene inflata Sm. Fl. Brit. 2: 467 (1800)
Silene cucubalus Wibel Prim. Fl. Werth. 241. 1799
Silene latifolia Britten & Rendle List Brit. Seed.-Pl. Ferns 5 (1907).
Behen alpinus (Lam.) Gușul. in Savul. Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. ii. 140 (1953).
Behen angustifolius Schott ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 194 (1840)
Behen antelopum E.H.L.Krause Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 469 (1915)
Behen fabarius Link Handbuch 1: 245 (1829)
Behen glareosus Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 343 (1868)
Behen oleraceum E.H.L.Krause Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 468 (1915)
Behen puberulus Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 343 (1868)
Behen trachiatus Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 343 (1868)
Behen vesicarius Fourr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 343 (1868)
Behen vulgaris Moench Methodus : 709 (1794)
Behenantha behen (L.) Ikonn. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 198 (1975)
Behenantha cserei Schur Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 132 (1877)
Behenantha glaucescens Schur Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 132 (1877)
Behenantha inflata Schur Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 131 (1877)
Behenantha saponariifolia Schur Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 133 (1877)
Cucubalus alpinus Lam. Encycl. 2: 200 (1786)
Cucubalus angustissimus Nocca & Balb. Fl. Ticin. 1: 199 (1816)
Cucubalus antelopum Vest Flora 4: 149 (1821)
Cucubalus behen L. Sp. Pl. : 414 (1753)
Cucubalus inflatus Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 302 (1796)
Cucubalus latifolius Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 2 (1768)
Cucubalus littoralis Vis. Stirp. Dalmat. Spec. : 32 (1826)
Cucubalus marginatus Schult. Oestr. Fl. , ed. 2, 1: 674 (1814)
Cucubalus montanus Vest Flora 4: 149 (1821)
Cucubalus personii Spreng. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 451 (1840)
Cucubalus rotundifolius Steud. Nomencl. Bot. : 243 (1821)
Cucubalus saponariifolius Moench ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 451 (1840)
Cucubalus scaber Fisch. ex Regel Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(II): 547 (1862)
Cucubalus venosus Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. ii. 165. 1782
Cucubalus viridis Lam. Encycl. 2: 221 (1786)
Elisanthe zawadskii (Herbich) Fuss Fl. Transsilv. : 106 (1866)
Silene behen var. cucubalus (Wibel) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3[3]: 14. 1898 [28 Sep 1898]
Silene inflata var. vulgaris Turcz. Fl. Baical. Dahur. 1: 202 1842
Silene latifolia var. pubescens Farw. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 8: 270 (1923)
Silene inflata var. pubescens DC. Fl. Franç. , ed. 3, 4: 747 (1805)
Silene wallichiana Klotzsch Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar : 139 (1862)
Silene vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Moench) Garcke Flora der Schweiz 2 1914
Silene saponariifolia Schott ex Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 824 (1832)
Silene vulgaris var. littoralis Jalas Ann. Bot. Fenn. 14(4): 191. 1977 [30 Oct 1977]
Silene inflata var. littoralis Rupr.
Behen vesicarium (Schrad. ex Boreau) E.H.L.Krause Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 468 1915
Oberna littoralis (Rupr.) Ikonn. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 120 (1976)
Oberna wallichiana (Klotzsch) Ikonn. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 120 (1976)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English maidenstears
English sculpit
English bladder campion
Spanish ben blanco
Spanish alcadicea
Spanish colleja
Arabic سيلينة شائعة
av ГӀабигӀо
Belarusian Смалёўка ляскаўка
Bulgarian обикновено плюскавиче
Bulgarian Алпийско плюскавиче
Catalan colitx
Czech silenka nadmutá
cv Шартла
Welsh gludlys codrwth
Danish blæresmælde
German gemeines leimkraut
German knirrkohl
German klatschnelke
German blasen-leimkraut
German aufgeblasenes leimkraut
German taubenkropf-leimkraut
German gewöhnliches leimkraut
Estonian harilik põisrohi
Basque garikota
Persian قلیانک ولگاریس
Finnish nurmikohokki
French silène enflèe
French silène enflé
French béhen blanc
French claquet
French silène commun
fur sclopit
Irish coireán na gcuach
Galician colexa
Hebrew ציפרנית נפוחה
Croatian napuhnuta pušina
Hungarian hólyagfű
Hungarian délcike
Hungarian sikapár
Hungarian hólyagos habszegfű
hyw Հայկական Ծըւծըւուկ
Icelandic garðaholurt
Japanese シラタマソウ
Georgian ჭყიპანტა
Kabyle tiɣiɣac
Kazakh Торсылдақ сылдыршөп
Korean 덩굴별꽃
Lithuanian paprastoji naktižiedė
Latvian parastā plaukšķene
mul silene inflata
mwl conecos
Norwegian Bokmål engsmelle
Dutch blaassilene
Norwegian Nynorsk engsmelle
oc cresinèu
oc crelhon
oc cresilhon
oc crasinèu
os Къуыпгæнæн
Polish lepnica rozdęta
pms cojèt
Portuguese silene
Portuguese erva-traqueira
Romansh silena cumina
Romanian gușa-porumbului
Romanian gușa-porumbelului
Russian Оберна обыкновенная
Russian Хлопушка Уоллича
Russian Хлопушка обыкновенная
Russian Смолёвка широколистная
Russian Смолёвка хлопушка
Russian Смолёвка Уоллича
Russian Смолёвка жилковатая
Russian Пустоягодник хлопушка
Russian Смолёвка обыкновенная
Samogitian pūslėis žuolalė
Slovak silenka obyčajná
Slovenian pokalica
Slovenian navadna pokalica
Serbian Пуцавац (биљка)
Swedish smällglim
Turkish gıvışgan otu
tt Шартлавык
Ukrainian Смілка звичайна
vec carleti
Chinese 白玉草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Silene vulgaris subsp. aetnensis (Strobl) Pignatti Giorn. Bot. Ital. 107: 208 (1973)
Silene vulgaris subsp. angustifolia Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 256 1924
Silene vulgaris subsp. commutata (Guss.) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 258 1924
Silene vulgaris subsp. suffrutescens Greuter, Matthäs & Risse Willdenowia 14: 34 (1984)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Canary Islands
      • Madeira
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Eritrea
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria
      • Egypt
      • Libya
      • Morocco
      • Tunisia
    • Southern Africa
      • Cape Provinces
  • Asia-temperate
    • Arabian Peninsula
      • Oman
      • Saudi Arabia
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Tibet
      • Xinjiang
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
    • Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan
      • Kirgizstan
      • Tadzhikistan
      • Uzbekistan
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Magadan
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • Tuva
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
    • Western Asia
      • Afghanistan
      • Cyprus
      • East Aegean Islands
      • Iran
      • Lebanon-Syria
      • Palestine
      • Turkey
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Nepal
      • Pakistan
      • West Himalaya
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • Krym
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Great Britain
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Kriti
      • Romania
      • Sicilia
      • Turkey-in-Europe
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares
      • Corse
      • France
      • Portugal
      • Sardegna
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Labrador
      • New Brunswick
      • Newfoundland
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
      • Prince Edward Island
      • Québec
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Maryland
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona
      • California
    • Subarctic America
      • Alaska
      • Greenland
      • Yukon
    • Western Canada
      • Alberta
      • British Columbia
      • Manitoba
      • Saskatchewan
  • Southern America
    • Caribbean
      • Haiti
    • Northern South America
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina South
      • Chile Central
      • Chile South

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000440200
Tropicos 6302874
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155837-1
The Plant List tro-6302874
Observations.org 132259
IPNI 155837-1
GBIF 3809295
EOL 40479769
Canadensys 4409
USDA Plants SIVU
Tropicos 6300259
INPN 123683
Flora of Italy 824
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:158668-1
The Plant List kew-2487840
Missouri Botanical Garden 279058
PFAF Silene vulgaris
Open Tree Of Life 356125
Observations.org 7467
NCBI Taxonomy 42043
NBN Atlas NHMSYS0000463584
Nature Serve 2.157916
IUCN Red List 19108751
IPNI 158668-1
iNaturalist 55721
GBIF 5384802
Freebase /m/0d7m5v
WisFlora 5054
EPPO SILVU
EOL 581986
Elurikkus 7278
Calflora (Californian flora) 7621
USDA GRIN 105074
Wikipedia Silene_vulgaris
Tropicos 6302878
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155849-1
The Plant List tro-6302878
Observations.org 150405
IPNI 155849-1
GBIF 3809183
CMAUP NPO11987
GBIF 9172281

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_036897335.1 ASM3689733v1 Contig The University of Texas at Austin 2024-02-28 13.3 352.90 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Emerging environmental contaminants: Sources, effects on biodiversity and humans, remediation, and conservation implications Ojija F Sci Prog 07-May-2024
PMCID:PMC11080753
doi:10.1177/00368504241253720
PMID:38715402
Plant cultural indicators of forest resources from the Himalayan high mountains: implications for improving agricultural resilience, subsistence, and forest restoration Haq SM, Khoja AA, Waheed M, Pieroni A, Siddiqui MH, Bussmann RW J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 24-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11040985
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00685-w
PMID:38659048
Improving Lead Phytoremediation Using Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from the Pioneer Plant Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) from a Mining Area Li Q, Yao S, Wen H, Li W, Jin L, Huang X Toxics 16-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11054004
doi:10.3390/toxics12040291
PMID:38668514
The Greuter Herbarium in Palermo: An Inventory of Its Type Specimens Available Online, with Some Thoughts on Type Terminology (Occasional Papers from the Herbarium Greuter, N° 5) Greuter W Plants (Basel) 12-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11053905
doi:10.3390/plants13081086
PMID:38674494
Wild Edible Plants Used in Dalmatian Zagora (Croatia) Ninčević Runjić T, Jug-Dujaković M, Runjić M, Łuczaj Ł Plants (Basel) 11-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11053949
doi:10.3390/plants13081079
PMID:38674488
Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete multichromosomal mitochondrial genome of Cymbidium ensifolium, an orchid of high economic and ornamental value Shen B, Shen A, Liu L, Tan Y, Li S, Tan Z BMC Plant Biol 09-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11003039
doi:10.1186/s12870-024-04962-4
PMID:38594641
New Light on Plants and Their Chemical Compounds Used in Polish Folk Medicine to Treat Urinary Diseases Olas B, Różański W, Urbańska K, Sławińska N, Bryś M Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 28-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11054606
doi:10.3390/ph17040435
PMID:38675397
Saving the local tradition: ethnobotanical survey on the use of plants in Bologna district (Italy) Chiocchio I, Marincich L, Mandrone M, Trincia S, Tarozzi C, Poli F J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 12-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10936038
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00664-1
PMID:38475780
Potential Interest of Oxalis pes-caprae L., a Wild Edible Plant, for the Food and Pharmaceutical Industries Clemente-Villalba J, Burló F, Hernández F, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA Foods 12-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10969124
doi:10.3390/foods13060858
PMID:38540848
Long-Term Monitoring of the Traditional Knowledge of Plant Species Used for Culinary Purposes in the Valencia Region, South-Eastern Spain Belda A, Jordán-Nuñez J, Micó-Vicent B, López-Rodríguez D Plants (Basel) 08-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10975046
doi:10.3390/plants13060775
PMID:38592810
Mother’s Curse effects on lifespan and aging Edmands S Front Aging 08-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10957651
doi:10.3389/fragi.2024.1361396
PMID:38523670
Land‐use affects pollinator‐specific resource availability and pollinator foraging behaviour Birkenbach M, Straub F, Kiesel A, Ayasse M, Wilfert L, Kuppler J Ecol Evol 07-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10918743
doi:10.1002/ece3.11061
PMID:38455145
Traditional Use of Wild Edible Plants in Slovenia: A Field Study and an Ethnobotanical Literature Review Papež Kristanc A, Kreft S, Strgulc Krajšek S, Kristanc L Plants (Basel) 24-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934440
doi:10.3390/plants13050621
PMID:38475472
Ecological and Syntaxonomic Analysis of the Communities of Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Malvion neglectae) in the European Mediterranean Area Cano E, Cano-Ortiz A, Quinto Canas R, Piñar Fuentes JC, Rodrigues Meireles C, Raposo M, Pinto Gomes C, Laface VL, Spampinato G, Musarella CM Plants (Basel) 20-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10934477
doi:10.3390/plants13050568
PMID:38475415
Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE Plants (Basel) 06-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10891624
doi:10.3390/plants13040464
PMID:38498429

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones
1,3,5-Trihydroxy-7-methyl-2-(1,3,5-trihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-2-yl)anthracene-9,10-dione 54752972 Click to see 538.50 unknown via CMAUP database
1,4,7-Trihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione 54752971 Click to see CC1=CC2=C(C=C1O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC(=C3O)OC)O 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Butyrophenones
Rhodomyrtosone A 102521923 Click to see 456.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Dibenzylbutane lignans
9,9'-Di-O-(E)-feruloylsecoisolariciresinol 10439806 Click to see 714.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Hopanoids
(3I(2),21I(2))-Aa(2)-Neogammacer-22(30)-ene-3,29-diol 102032092 Click to see 442.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Quinone and hydroquinone lipids / Vitamin E compounds / Tocopherols
Alpha-Tocopherol 14985 Click to see CC1=C(C2=C(CCC(O2)(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)C(=C1O)C)C 430.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
Taraxerol 92097 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-4-formyl-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 10677977 Click to see 1365.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980505R
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4-formyl-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 10581699 Click to see 941.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
6-[(8a-Carboxy-4-formyl-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl)oxy]-3-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 14020456 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C=O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C 941.10 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
6-[(8a-Carboxy-4-formyl-8-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl)oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 73812650 Click to see 662.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
6-[[8a-[3-[5-[3,5-Dihydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-4-formyl-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 85230095 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC(=O)C23CCC(CC2C4=CCC5C6(CCC(C(C6CCC5(C4(CC3)C)C)(C)C=O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)C(=O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)(C)C)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)OC1C(C(C(CO1)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O 1365.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980505R
CID 13919535 13919535 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C=O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C 646.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
Gypsogenin 3-O-b-D-glucuronide 13919536 Click to see 646.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
gypsogenin-3-O-glucuronide 21626375 Click to see 660.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
Prosapogenin 21599876 Click to see 662.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/MRC.1069
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bS,13aR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol 11876093 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,11R,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol 10836206 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,12aR,14bR)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid 7061300 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
[(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(hydroxymethyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl] acetate 479957 Click to see 484.80 unknown via CMAUP database
11-Oxo-beta-amyrin 20055661 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CC(=O)C4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 440.70 unknown via CMAUP database
3-O-p-Coumaroyloleanolic acid 10579517 Click to see 602.80 unknown via CMAUP database
3beta-Acetoxy-11alpha,12alpha-epoxyoleanan-28,13beta-olide 21626351 Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CCC3(C2C4C(O4)C56C3(CCC7(C5CC(CC7)(C)C)C(=O)O6)C)C)C 512.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Arjunolic acid 73641 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)CO)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C 488.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Beta-Amyrin 73145 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Betulin 72326 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)CO 442.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Betulonic acid 122844 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C(=O)O 454.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Friedelin 91472 Click to see 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Lupeol 259846 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
methyl (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,10R,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 40884490 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)OC 470.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl Betulonate 10766700 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C(=O)OC 468.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Hydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives / Pentahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
(2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,3R)-2,6-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyheptan-2-yl]-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one 21770556 Click to see 642.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980505R
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides
(1S,2R,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,3R)-2,6-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,14-tetrahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one 101608291 Click to see 658.80 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980505R
(2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R,3R)-2,6-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyheptan-2-yl]-2,14-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one 101608290 Click to see CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C4C3(CC(C(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C1(CCC2C(C)(C(CCC(C)(C)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O 804.90 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP980505R
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
Stigmast-4-en-3-one 5484202 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)C(C)C 412.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
(8aR)-8a-hydroxy-3,3,6,6,8,8-hexamethyl-1,2-benzodioxine-5,7-dione 44281346 Click to see 268.30 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 1-benzopyrans / Xanthenes
(10R,16R,24R)-12-hydroxy-5,5,7,7,19,19,21,21-octamethyl-13-(3-methylbutanoyl)-10-(2-methylpropyl)-16-propan-2-yl-3,15,17-trioxahexacyclo[12.10.0.02,11.04,9.016,24.018,23]tetracosa-1,4(9),11,13,18(23)-pentaene-6,8,20,22-tetrone 56929125 Click to see 688.80 unknown via CMAUP database
(10S,16R,24R)-12-hydroxy-5,5,7,7,19,19,21,21-octamethyl-13-(3-methylbutanoyl)-10-(2-methylpropyl)-16-propan-2-yl-3,15,17-trioxahexacyclo[12.10.0.02,11.04,9.016,24.018,23]tetracosa-1,4(9),11,13,18(23)-pentaene-6,8,20,22-tetrone 56929124 Click to see 688.80 unknown via CMAUP database
(9R)-6,8-dihydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-5-(3-methylbutanoyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-9H-xanthene-1,3-dione 102521922 Click to see 442.50 unknown via CMAUP database
(9S)-6,8-dihydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-(3-methylbutanoyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-9H-xanthene-1,3-dione 26202536 Click to see CC(C)CC1C2=C(C=C(C(=C2O)C(=O)CC(C)C)O)OC3=C1C(=O)C(C(=O)C3(C)C)(C)C 442.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Rhodomyrtone 12050020 Click to see 442.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Cinnamic acid esters
[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(3-methyl-4-oxopyran-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-phenylprop-2-enoate 73808848 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19820650817
4H-Pyran-4-one, 3-methyl-2-[[6-O-(1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-, (E)- 21591473 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.19820650817
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acid esters / Coumaric acid esters
Triacontyl p-coumarate 14213589 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O 585.00 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Combretol 12303802 Click to see 388.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Tannins / Hydrolyzable tannins
2,3,8-Tri-O-methylellagic acid 5281860 Click to see COC1=C(C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC4=C3C(=CC(=C4OC)O)C(=O)O2)OC 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
beta-Pedunculagin 5320441 Click to see 784.50 unknown via CMAUP database

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