Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Among the Kamba of Kenya, Warburgia ugandensis is valued as a household fever remedy: leaf infusions are prepared in water and taken warm when chills or flu-like symptoms arise, according to Githiomi, 1996. The Kamba also make a bark decoction for stomachaches and intestinal parasites, using repeated short boils of fresh or dried material, as recorded by Kokwaro, 1993. In northern Tanzania, the Chagga traditionally combine bark and root in a decoction for fevers and colds, sometimes drinking it before meals, while in southern Tanzania, the Hehe prepare a bark infusion as a malaria tea, according to Studies in Ethnobotany 2, 1977. Among the Sukuma of western Tanzania, a leaf decoction is taken for digestive discomfort, and in the Kabale region of southwestern Uganda, a bark decoction or infusion is used for chest pain and cough, as documented by herbarium notes and field interviews curated by Natural Worlds, 2021.

For practical use, a mild leaf or bark tea follows a simple three-step method: bring 200 ml of water to a gentle boil, add 1–2 g of finely chopped dried leaf or bark, simmer for 10 minutes, and cool to drinkable warmth before filtering; this mirrors the Kamba’s traditional infusion practice for fevers and the Sukuma’s digestive tea. For a concentrated liquid, a 1:5 ethanol tincture is prepared by macerating 50 g of dried, powdered bark in 250 ml of 45% ethanol in a sealed jar for 4–6 weeks, shaking daily, then straining; Chagga and Hehe decoctions inform this barks-based preparation. A typical dose is 5–10 drops diluted in water taken up to twice daily. Warburgia bark is intensely bitter and can irritate the gut if taken on an empty stomach; avoid during pregnancy and in children, and stop if nausea or vomiting occurs, as cautioned by Kokwaro, 1993.

The activity is plausibly linked to drimane sesquiterpenoids such as warburganal and muzigadial, together with related phenolics; these compounds show documented antibacterial, antifungal, and antimalarial properties in laboratory studies, explaining the reported applications in fevers, colds, malaria, stomachaches, and topical infections, per Kubo et al., 1977 and Ng’ang’a et al., 2011.

Modern relevance: several companies now sell standardized Warburgia bark tinctures and teas, while research on drimane sesquiterpenoids continues and the species remains in active traditional use across Kenya and Tanzania.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Wood (timber, poles, posts)
- Bark tannins used in leather tanning
- Essential oil from leaves and bark used as a fragrance component

Industrial and craft applications:
- Hard, heavy, durable timber used in heavy construction, poles, posts, beehives, flooring, furniture, and specialty items; naturally resistant to termites, borers, and decay, enabling use in exposed applications without preservatives

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- Aromatic leaves and bark used as a condiment and spice in East African cuisines

Colorants and tanning:
- Bark rich in tannins employed in leather tanning and dyeing of protein fibers

Wood and fiber:
- Sapwood is pale; heartwood is dark brown with fine grain and high density, suitable for flooring, furniture, and high-load applications where durability is critical

Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Essential oil from leaves and bark, characterized by sesquiterpenes and related constituents, is used in perfumery as a fragrance component and fixative

Properties relevant to use:
- Wood density typically in the medium–high range and high natural durability against insects and decay
- Bark contains high-molecular-weight condensed tannins suitable for leather tanning
- Essential oil contains sesquiterpenes and related compounds contributing to fixative and aromatic properties

Sustainability and sourcing:
- Widely used timber and bark source is subject to overexploitation; included in IUCN assessments (e.g., vulnerable) and listed under CITES for multiple African countries, indicating need for regulated harvesting and conservation measures

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Dawea ugandensis	Sprague ex Dawe	Rep. Bot. Miss. Uganda Protect : 37 (1906)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
Persian	واربرگیا آگاندنسیس
Chinese	乌干达十数樟

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Warburgia ugandensis subsp. ugandensis		Unknown
Warburgia ugandensis subsp. longifolia	Verdc.	Kew Bull. 9: 543 (1954 publ. 1955)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Malawi
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Zaïre

Links to other databases Top

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Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000427581
Tropicos	5600014
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:146038-1
The Plant List	kew-2465888
Open Tree Of Life	1016801
NCBI Taxonomy	549619
IPNI	146038-1
iNaturalist	444802
GBIF	5603221
Freebase	/m/05fb2_r
EPPO	WABUG
USDA GRIN	455922
Wikipedia	Warburgia_ugandensis

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.

Accession	Assembly
Accession	Name	Level	Submitter	Released	Coverage	Size
GCA_035236585.1	ASM3523658v1	Chromosome	Zhong Nong Hai Dao (Shenzhen) Biotech Company Limited	2024-01-08	100	1.05 Gb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Exploring nature’s antidote: unveiling the inhibitory potential of selected medicinal plants from Kisumu, Kenya against venom from some snakes of medical significance in sub-Saharan Africa

Okumu M, Mbaria J, Gikunju J, Mbuthia P, Madadi V, Ochola F

Front Pharmacol

12-Apr-2024

PMCID:	PMC11045943
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1369768
PMID:	38681195

Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and ethnomedicinal use of plants in the Tropical Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Wendimu A, Tekalign W, Bojago E, Abrham Y

Heliyon

13-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10955238
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27528
PMID:	38515698

An in vitro study to elucidate the effects of product Nkabinde on immune response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors

Setlhare B, Letsoalo M, Nkabinde SA, Nkabinde M, Mzobe G, Mtshali A, Parveen S, Ngcobo S, Invernizzi L, Maharaj V, Ngcobo M, Gqaleni N

Front Pharmacol

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10963514
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1308913
PMID:	38533263

A review on antimicrobial strategies in mitigating biofilm-associated infections on medical implants

Kadirvelu L, Sivaramalingam SS, Jothivel D, Chithiraiselvan DD, Karaiyagowder Govindarajan D, Kandaswamy K

Curr Res Microb Sci

07-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10951465
doi:	10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100231
PMID:	38510214

Review of Herbal Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Cancers in the East Africa Region from 2019 to 2023

Kudamba A, Kasolo JN, Bbosa GS, Lugaajju A, Wabinga H, Kafeero HM, Ssenku JE, Alemu SO, Walusansa A, Niyonzima N, Muwonge H

Integr Cancer Ther

06-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10916491
doi:	10.1177/15347354241235583
PMID:	38445504

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the people of Mosop, Nandi County in Kenya

Maiyo ZC, Njeru SN, Toroitich FJ, Indieka SA, Obonyo MA

Front Pharmacol

19-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10834697
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1328903
PMID:	38313073

Ectoparasite Fauna of Rodents and Shrews with Their Spatial, Temporal, and Dispersal along a Degradation Gradient in Mabira Central Forest Reserve

Babyesiza WS, Mpagi J, Ssuuna J, Akoth S, Katakweba A

J Parasitol Res

28-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10625493
doi:	10.1155/2023/7074041
PMID:	37928436

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Antimalarial and Antidengue Plants: A Mechanistic Perspective

Kamaraj C, Ragavendran C, Prem P, Naveen Kumar S, Ali A, Kazmi A, Ullah A, Chandra Satish Kumar R, Khan SU, Luna-Arias JP, Mashwani ZU, Balasubramani G, Rehman SU

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol

28-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10625492
doi:	10.1155/2023/1860084
PMID:	37927532

Phytochemical Content and Antidiabetic Properties of Most Commonly Used Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants of Kenya

Muema FW, Nanjala C, Oulo MA, Wangchuk P

Molecules

20-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10609527
doi:	10.3390/molecules28207202
PMID:	37894680

Potential of medicinal plants as antimalarial agents: a review of work done at Kenya Medical Research Institute

Irungu B, Okari E, Nyangi M, Njeru S, Koech L

Front Pharmacol

20-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10623325
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2023.1268924
PMID:	37927601

Application of the herbal chemical marker ranking system (Herb MaRS) to the standardization of herbal raw materials: a case study

Kaggwa B, Anywar G, Munanura EI, Wangalwa R, Kyeyune H, Okella H, Kamba FP, Engeu OP

BMC Complement Med Ther

30-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10542261
doi:	10.1186/s12906-023-04178-3
PMID:	37777721

Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Sexual Dysfunction, Infertility and Improving Virility in the East African Community: A Systematic Review

Kyarimpa C, Nagawa CB, Omara T, Odongo S, Ssebugere P, Lugasi SO, Gumula I

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

12-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10439835
doi:	10.1155/2023/6878852
PMID:	37600549

How to approach a study in ethnopharmacology? Providing an example of the different research stages for newcomers to the field today

Schultz F, Garbe L

Pharmacol Res Perspect

27-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10375576
doi:	10.1002/prp2.1109
PMID:	37497567

Medicinal plants used for treatment of malaria by indigenous communities of Tororo District, Eastern Uganda

Tabuti JR, Obakiro SB, Nabatanzi A, Anywar G, Nambejja C, Mutyaba MR, Omara T, Waako P

Trop Med Health

12-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10258082
doi:	10.1186/s41182-023-00526-8
PMID:	37303066

Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in Soro District of Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia

Hankiso M, Warkineh B, Asfaw Z, Debella A

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

02-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10236777
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00588-2
PMID:	37269005

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Lineolic acids and derivatives
9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid	3931	Click to see	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
Linoleic Acid	5280450	Click to see	280.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
beta-Ocimene, (3Z)-	5320250	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
Myrcene	31253	Click to see	136.23	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(1R,2S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-ene	92042749	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
(1S,4S,4aS,6S,8aS)-1,4-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-5-methylene-4a,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	11587024	Click to see	264.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(3R,6E)-Nerolidol	11241545	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
1,4-dihydroxy-6,8a-dimethyl-5-methylidene-4a,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	4684956	Click to see	264.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
1,6,10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-	8888	Click to see	222.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
Canellal	442346	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1=C)CC=C(C2(C=O)O)C=O)C	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.4314/BCSE.V14I1.71998
Copaene	19725	Click to see CC1=CCC2C3C1C2(CCC3C(C)C)C	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
delta-Cadinene	441005	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
Humulene	5281520	Click to see	204.35	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eremophilane, 8,9-secoeremophilane and furoeremophilane sesquiterpenoids
(1R,8aR)-1,8a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-ylidene-1,8-dihydronaphthalene-2,6-dione	101281326	Click to see	230.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(69)80030-X
1,8a-Dimethyl-7-propan-2-ylidene-1,8-dihydronaphthalene-2,6-dione	12444935	Click to see CC1C(=O)C=CC2=CC(=O)C(=C(C)C)CC12C	230.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(69)80030-X
methyl (4aR,5R)-4a,5-dimethyl-6-oxo-4,5-dihydrobenzo[f][1]benzofuran-3-carboxylate	101289770	Click to see CC1C(=O)C=CC2=CC3=C(CC12C)C(=CO3)C(=O)OC	272.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(69)80030-X
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(4S,5aS,7S,9aS)-4-hydroxy-7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-4,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydro-3H-benzo[g][2]benzofuran-1-one	11521635	Click to see	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(5aS,7S,9aS,9bR)-7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	11651565	Click to see	232.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(5aS,7S,9aS,9bS)-9b-hydroxy-7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-1,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	636559	Click to see	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
4-hydroxy-7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-4,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydro-3H-benzo[g][2]benzofuran-1-one	72993517	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1=C)CC(C3=C2C(=O)OC3)O)C	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	73042663	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1=C)CC=C3C2COC3=O)C	232.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
9b-Hydroxy-7,9a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-1,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	14707743	Click to see CC1CCC2(C(C1=C)CC=C3C2(COC3=O)O)C	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Butyl Ganoderate A	46184561	Click to see	572.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organic oxides
5,5,8a-Trimethyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	5080908	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/ https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
Polygodial	72503	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols
(-)-Cinnamodial	442354	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(1S,4aR,8aS)-1-hydroxy-5,5,8a-trimethyl-4a,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	162951370	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
(1S,4aS,6S,8R,8aS)-1-hydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5-methylidene-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	162985061	Click to see CC1CC(C(=C)C2C1C(C(=CC2)C=O)(C=O)O)C	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
[(1S,4S,4aS,8aS)-3,4-diformyl-4-hydroxy-4a,8,8-trimethyl-5,6,7,8a-tetrahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl] acetate	12303259	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
1-hydroxy-5,5,8a-trimethyl-4a,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	3512331	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CC=C(C2(C=O)O)C=O)C)C	250.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
1-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5-methylidene-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	162985060	Click to see CC1CC(C(=C)C2C1C(C(=CC2)C=O)(C=O)O)C	248.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
1,4-dihydroxy-5,5,8a-trimethyl-4a,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde	3504627	Click to see	266.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/ https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
Cinnamodial B812927K060	321973	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
methyl (4S)-3,4-diformyl-4-hydroxy-4a,8,8-trimethyl-5,6,7,8a-tetrahydro-1H-naphthalene-1-carboxylate	15953944	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(C=C(C2(C=O)O)C=O)C(=O)OC)C)C	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.4314/BCSE.V14I1.71998 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
Mukaadial	159088	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1C(C=C(C2(C=O)O)C=O)O)C)C	266.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/ https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
Warburganal	72502	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CC=C(C2(C=O)O)C=O)C)C	250.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Naphthofurans
(1,9b-Dihydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-oxo-1,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-5-yl) acetate	73317191	Click to see	324.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
(4-hydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-5-yl) acetate	162987612	Click to see CC(=O)OC1C(C2=C(COC2=O)C3(C1C(CCC3)(C)C)C)O	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(5aR,9aS,9bS)-6,6,9a-trimethyl-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	163045560	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
(5aS,9aR)-6,6-dimethyl-1,5a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	163187109	Click to see CC1(CCCC2C1C=CC3=C2COC3=O)C	218.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
(5aS)-6,6,9abeta-Trimethyl-5,5aalpha,6,7,8,9,9a,9balpha-octahydronaphtho[1,2-c]furan-3(1H)-one	12303260	Click to see	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
(6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-oxo-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-7-yl) acetate	14707736	Click to see CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C(C1(C)C)CC=C3C2COC3=O)C	292.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P
[(5aR,7S,9aS,9bR)-6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-oxo-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e]isobenzofuran-7-yl] acetate	15957671	Click to see	292.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)85270-P https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
1-hydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-5,5a,7,8,9,9b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	85312678	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
1,9b-Dihydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-1,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	45783128	Click to see	266.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
11-Alpha-Hydroxycinnamosmolide	16739250	Click to see	324.40	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
6,6-Dimethyl-1,5a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	162871030	Click to see	218.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1039/C39760001013
9alpha-Hydroxycinnamolide	183258	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
9b-Hydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-1,5,5a,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[e][2]benzofuran-3-one	14313007	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
Cinnamadin	24770036	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
Cinnamolide	12303261	Click to see CC1(CCCC2(C1CC=C3C2COC3=O)C)C	234.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2005.07.018
Dendocarbin A	10911949	Click to see	250.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
Pereniporin B	161192	Click to see	266.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.4314/BCSE.V14I1.71998
Ugandenial A	38363412	Click to see	266.33	unknown	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255255/
Ugandensolide	12444581	Click to see	308.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(69)80031-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones / Flavonols
Kaempferol	5280863	Click to see	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	51402807	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxyhexopyranoside	5353915	Click to see	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	21576550	Click to see COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)OC5C(C(C(CO5)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	162848490	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	73802664	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
3-[5-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one	13179952	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(O4)C(CO)O)O)O)O)O	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-((3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-Methyloxan-2-Yl)Oxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxychromen-4-One	12313332	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	14749097	Click to see	418.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	92980216	Click to see C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)O)O)O)O	418.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	5462193	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	101261924	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	163051529	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Afzelin	5316673	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Astragalin	5282102	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O	448.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Isoquercitrin	5484006	Click to see	464.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Juglanin	5318717	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	418.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside	5318767	Click to see	594.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Myricetin 3-O-galactoside	5491408	Click to see	480.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
myricetin-3-O-hexoside	12311099	Click to see	480.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Npc318533	5835713	Click to see	432.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	21576552	Click to see	918.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	163090540	Click to see	918.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[4,5-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	73802666	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)C)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O	918.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-hydroxy-3,7-bis[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-[4-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one	162963871	Click to see	772.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-Hydroxy-3,7-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one	14334864	Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O	772.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	21576551	Click to see	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	162992166	Click to see	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one	101261922	Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)C5=CC=C(C=C5)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
5-Hydroxy-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one	73802665	Click to see	756.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
Kaempferol 3,7,4'-O-triglucoside	14334865	Click to see	772.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one	163068451	Click to see	564.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00374-1

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Warburgia ugandensis

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