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Acanthospermum hispidum

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fcd080935b563149388
Scientific name Acanthospermum hispidum
Authority DC.
First published in Prodr. 5: 522 (1836)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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Important notice
  • Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
  • Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
  • Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
  • Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Acanthospermum hispidum has been recorded in a range of African and Latin American traditions as a tea and decoction for fevers, malaria, digestive upset, and urinary complaints. Among the Zulu of South Africa, dried or fresh leaf infusions are taken for fever, gastric discomfort, and as a general tonic (Hutchings, 1989). In Zimbabwe and Mozambique, Shangaan and related Nguni communities have used leaf decoctions and macerations for fevers, malaria, and colicky stomach pains; doses were adjusted according to severity and age (Gelfand et al., 1985). In the Rupununi region of Guyana, pantropical usage includes infusions of the aerial parts as a diuretic and for bladder complaints, while the Andean Amazon commonly prepares leaf teas for diarrhea and malaria-like fevers (Ernest et al., 2011; Bennett et al., 2021).

For a simple preparation, make a mild leaf infusion: bring 250 mL of water to a boil, pour over 1–2 teaspoons (2–3 g) of dried aerial parts (or 2–3 heaping teaspoons of fresh leaves), cover, and steep for 10–12 minutes. Strain and drink 1 cup 2–3 times daily for a few days. Because safety in pregnancy and lactation is not established, pregnant people should avoid the tea, and all users should start with small amounts to gauge tolerance. Classical remedies were usually short-term, and sesquiterpene lactones in this genus can be irritating; do not exceed a total of 4–5 cups per day without professional guidance (Bennett et al., 2021; Gelfand et al., 1985).

The activity is plausibly linked to a set of well-documented constituents. Leaf and aerial parts contain sesquiterpene lactones characteristic of the Asteraceae, notably austin and related melampolides, along with flavonoids such as quercetin and luteolin glycosides; essential oils rich in alpha‑pinene, limonene, and camphor have also been reported (Ernest et al., 2011; Cordell, 2016). These compounds collectively exhibit antiplasmodial, antibacterial, and anti‑inflammatory effects in laboratory studies, aligning with the plant’s traditional use against fevers and gastrointestinal disturbances.

Today, Acanthospermum hispidum remains in circulation as a local fever tea and malaria decoction in parts of southern and eastern Africa, while field surveys document its continued use in the Guianas; in vitro antiplasmodial work supports parts of these traditions, although clinical evidence is still limited.

General Uses Top

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Industrial and craft applications:
Leaf extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum have been evaluated in laboratory assays for insecticidal activity against lepidopteran larvae (e.g., Spodoptera spp.) and stored‑grain insects such as Callosobruchus spp. The extracts demonstrated mortality and feeding deterrence comparable to some synthetic insecticides, suggesting potential as natural pesticide candidates for organic pest‑management protocols. In addition, aqueous and methanolic extracts have shown allelopathic inhibition of seed germination and early seedling growth of several annual weeds (e.g., Amaranthus spp., Portulaca spp.), indicating a role for the plant as a source of bioherbicidal agents. Because these activities arise from extracts rather than a processed product, the material is classified under natural pesticide applications rather than a finished commercial good.

Properties relevant to use:
Phytochemical analyses identify sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoid glycosides, phenolic acids, and coumarins as major constituents of A. hispidum leaves and stems. These secondary metabolites are known to exert insecticidal and allelopathic effects through disruption of feeding behavior, inhibition of seed‑germination signaling pathways, and interference with hormonal regulation in plant embryos. The presence of phenolic compounds correlates with antioxidant activity observed in assays, while terpenoid components are linked to toxicity toward insects. The combined chemical profile underpins the plant’s observed bioactivities and informs extraction protocols for natural pesticide development.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Acanthospermum hispidum is a widely distributed ruderal species throughout tropical and subtropical agricultural regions, commonly occurring in cultivated fields, pasture margins, and disturbed soils. Its fast growth and high seed production provide an abundant, readily accessible biomass without the need for dedicated cultivation. Because utilization relies on wild‑harvested material, the risk of overexploitation is low; the species is considered weedy and invasive in many locales, reducing concerns over depletion of natural populations for experimental extracts.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Acanthospermum humile var. hispidum (DC.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 303 (1891)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English hispid starbur
English goat's head
English starbur
English bristly starbur
English bristly starburr
English hispid starburr
English starburr
Bambara buturuninkunkolo
Hausa kashin yawo
Kannada ಕಡಲೆ ಮುಳ್ಳು
Malayalam കാട്ടുഞെരിഞ്ഞിൽ
Marathi लांडगा
Shona chidhongi
Chinese 刺苞果
Chinese 硬毛刺苞果

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Cape Verde
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad
      • Eritrea
      • Ethiopia
      • Socotra
      • Sudan
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Mozambique
      • Zambia
      • Zimbabwe
    • Southern Africa
      • Botswana
      • Kwazulu-Natal
      • Namibia
      • Northern Provinces
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Burkina
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Mali
      • Mauritania
      • Nigeria
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Congo
      • Equatorial Guinea
      • Gabon
      • Gulf Of Guinea Islands
      • Zaïre
    • Western Indian Ocean
      • Comoros
      • Madagascar
      • Mauritius
      • Rodrigues
      • Réunion
  • Asia-temperate
    • Arabian Peninsula
      • Oman
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
    • Russian Far East
      • Primorye
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Laccadive Islands
      • Maldives
      • Nepal
      • Sri Lanka
      • West Himalaya
    • Indo-China
      • Thailand
    • Malesia
      • Philippines
    • Papuasia
      • New Guinea
  • Australasia
    • Australia
      • New South Wales
      • Northern Territory
      • Queensland
      • Western Australia
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • New Jersey
      • New York
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Oregon
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • South Carolina
      • Virginia
  • Pacific
    • North-central Pacific
      • Hawaii
    • South-central Pacific
      • Marquesas
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Leeward Islands
      • Netherlands Antilles
      • Puerto Rico
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Windward Islands
    • Central America
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina Northwest
      • Paraguay
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000068556
UNII G4R4JU2WSI
Florida Plant Atlas 60
Flora of Alabama 495
Canadensys 2762
USDA Plants ACHI
Tropicos 2701604
INPN 79717
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:173718-1
The Plant List gcc-25407
Open Tree Of Life 707294
Observations.org 156848
NCBI Taxonomy 182999
Nature Serve 2.149093
IPNI 173718-1
iNaturalist 157911
GBIF 3100375
Freebase /m/0275tts
EPPO ACNHI
EOL 468702
USDA GRIN 1077
Wikipedia Acanthospermum_hispidum

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology and Treatment of Snakebite Envenomation in West Africa: Case of Benin Dossou AJ, Fandohan AB, Omara T, Chippaux JP J Trop Med 08-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11018376
doi:10.1155/2024/8357312
PMID:38623180
The influence of exotic and native plants on illnesses with physical and spiritual causes in the semiarid region of Piauí, Northeast of Brazil da Silva PH, Ferreira Júnior WS, Zank S, do Nascimento AL, de Abreu MC J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 26-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10895823
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00667-y
PMID:38409039
Green and cost-effective biofabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles: Exploring antimicrobial and anticancer applications Gebreslassie YT, Gebremeskel FG Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 12-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10835232
doi:10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00828
PMID:38312482
The Potentials of Ageratum conyzoides and Other Plants from Asteraceae as an Antiplasmodial and Insecticidal for Malaria Vector: An Article Review Kusman IT, Pradini GW, Ma’ruf IF, Fauziah N, Berbudi A, Achadiyani A, Wiraswati HL Infect Drug Resist 07-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10638911
doi:10.2147/IDR.S433328
PMID:37954507
Facile synthesis of CuONPs using Citrus limon juice for enhancing antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, beta-lactamase and tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli Rafsan A, Rahman A, Akter S, Yeachin N, Faruqe T, Deb GK, Ha T, Hossain KS, Hossain MT, Kafi MA, Choi JW RSC Adv 09-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10561029
doi:10.1039/d3ra04985j
PMID:37818266
The nexus between reactive oxygen species and the mechanism of action of herbicides Traxler C, Gaines TA, Küpper A, Luemmen P, Dayan FE J Biol Chem 19-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10591016
doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105267
PMID:37734554
Larvicidal and anti-termite activities of microbial biosurfactant produced by Enterobacter cloacae SJ2 isolated from marine sponge Clathria sp. Harikrishnan S, Sudarshan S, Sivasubramani K, Nandini MS, Narenkumar J, Ramachandran V, Almutairi BO, Arunkumar P, Rajasekar A, Jayalakshmi S Sci Rep 13-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10499797
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-42475-6
PMID:37704703
Phytopharmaceutical practices of traditional health practitioners in Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study Ouoba K, Lehmann H, Zongo A, Semdé R, Pabst JY BMC Complement Med Ther 30-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10311739
doi:10.1186/s12906-023-04055-z
PMID:37391813
Medicinal Plants as a Natural Greener Biocontrol Approach to “The Grain Destructor” Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) Motschulsky Phokwe OJ, Manganyi MC Plants (Basel) 30-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10346355
doi:10.3390/plants12132505
PMID:37447066
Medical Ethnobotany of the Bissau-Guinean Community of Migrants Living in Northern Italy and Comparison with the Ethnopharmacology of Guinea-Bissau Sambù A, Cornara L, Catarino L, Indjai B, Biagi M, Giordani P Plants (Basel) 08-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10181441
doi:10.3390/plants12091909
PMID:37176967
Phenolic compounds as Nrf2 inhibitors: potential applications in cancer therapy Sharifi-Rad J, Seidel V, Izabela M, Monserrat-Mequida M, Sureda A, Ormazabal V, Zuniga FA, Mangalpady SS, Pezzani R, Ydyrys A, Tussupbekova G, Martorell M, Calina D, Cho WC Cell Commun Signal 01-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10152593
doi:10.1186/s12964-023-01109-0
PMID:37127651
Green Synthesis of Bioinspired Nanoparticles Mediated from Plant Extracts of Asteraceae Family for Potential Biological Applications Jaison JP, Balasubramanian B, Gangwar J, James N, Pappuswamy M, Anand AV, Al-Dhabi NA, Valan Arasu M, Liu WC, Sebastian JK Antibiotics (Basel) 08-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10044610
doi:10.3390/antibiotics12030543
PMID:36978410
Pest categorisation of Pantoea ananatis Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL EFSA J 07-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC9989851
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7849
PMID:36895574
Genome-wide association and dissociation studies in Pantoea ananatis reveal potential virulence factors affecting Allium porrum and Allium fistulosum  ×  Allium cepa hybrid Myers BK, Shin GY, Agarwal G, Stice SP, Gitaitis RD, Kvitko BH, Dutta B Front Microbiol 02-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9933511
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1094155
PMID:36817114
Commodity risk assessment of Prunus persica and P. dulcis plants from Türkiye Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Zappalà L, Lucchi A, Gómez P, Urek G, Bernardo U, Bubici G, Carluccio AV, Chiumenti M, Di Serio F, Fanelli E, Kaczmarek A, Marzachì C, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Yuen J EFSA J 19-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9850261
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7735
PMID:36698493

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
Caryophyllene 5281515 Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C2CC1)(C)C 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969104
Caryophyllene,alpha + beta mixt. 5354499 Click to see 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969104
Humulene 5281520 Click to see 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969104
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Germacrane sesquiterpenoids
(S,1Z,6Z)-8-Isopropyl-1-methyl-5-methylenecyclodeca-1,6-diene 91723653 Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969104
Germacrene D 5317570 Click to see CC1=CCCC(=C)C=CC(CC1)C(C)C 204.35 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969104
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Diterpene glycosides
(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,4R,4aS,7R,8aR)-7-hydroxy-4-[(E)-5-hydroxy-3-methylpent-3-enyl]-4a,8,8-trimethyl-3-methylidene-2,4,5,6,7,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 162882173 Click to see CC(=CCO)CCC1C(=C)C(CC2C1(CCC(C2(C)C)O)C)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O 484.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97482-X
2-[[7-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-3-methylpent-3-enyl)-4a,8,8-trimethyl-3-methylidene-2,4,5,6,7,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 76401257 Click to see 484.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97482-X
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives
(4-Acetyloxy-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-10-yl)methyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate 85225918 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OCC1=CC2C(C(CC(=CCC1)C=O)OC(=O)C)C(=C)C(=O)O2 402.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
(5-Acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl) 2-methylbutanoate 162993810 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)C=O)C)OC(=O)C2=C 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10E,11aR)-10-(acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162959907 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)COC(=O)C)C=O 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10E,11aR)-10-(acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 10501275 Click to see 402.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10E,11aR)-10-(acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 21606673 Click to see 390.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10E,11aR)-10-(acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate 162996367 Click to see CC(C)CC(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)COC(=O)C)C=O 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10E,11aR)-4-acetyloxy-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-10-yl]methyl (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 10668800 Click to see 402.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162900822 Click to see 362.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101630354 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)CO)C=O 360.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 14845427 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)CO)C=O 348.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aR,4R,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate 21606674 Click to see 362.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4R,5S,6Z,10Z,11aS)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162975789 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00912A004
[(3aS,4S,5R,6E,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 163185905 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00912A004
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10E,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162975786 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10E,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162993812 Click to see 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162975788 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101630355 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 21606677 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)C=O)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 406.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 98755119 Click to see 392.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 155978956 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC)C=O)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 390.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163006571 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC)C=O)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 378.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-5-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 98755155 Click to see 378.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6E,10Z,11aR)-6-formyl-5-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 101630358 Click to see 376.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6Z,10E,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162895057 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)C)OC(=O)C2=C 406.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6Z,10E,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 10716200 Click to see 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6Z,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 98774627 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 422.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6Z,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 21606675 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(3aS,4S,5S,6Z,10Z,11aR)-5-acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163018699 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 408.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[10-(Acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 85161987 Click to see 402.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[10-(Acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 76401315 Click to see 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[10-(Acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 73800266 Click to see 390.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[10-(Acetyloxymethyl)-6-formyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate 76401282 Click to see 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 85242968 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)C)OC(=O)C2=C 404.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 85190398 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)C)OC(=O)C2=C 406.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 162892529 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 73809946 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)C=O)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JO00912A004
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6-formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 73800269 Click to see 406.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 73800268 Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC(=O)C)CO)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 156602816 Click to see 422.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[5-Acetyloxy-6,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163018698 Click to see 408.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 162904880 Click to see 360.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbutanoate 162900821 Click to see 362.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163035442 Click to see CC(C)C(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)CO)C=O 348.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate 73800267 Click to see CC(C)CC(=O)OC1CC(=CCCC(=CC2C1C(=C)C(=O)O2)CO)C=O 362.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 163041172 Click to see 390.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylpropanoate 163006569 Click to see 378.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[6-Formyl-5-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate 162933192 Click to see 376.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
NCGC00384788-01_C20H26O7_Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, (10Z)-6-formyl-2,3,3a,4,5,8,9,11a-octahydro-5-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylene-2-oxocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl ester 76401313 Click to see 378.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
NCGC00385109-01_C21H28O7_(10Z)-6-Formyl-10-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-3-methylene-2-oxo-2,3,3a,4,5,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl 2-methylbutanoate 76401281 Click to see CCC(C)C(=O)OC1C2C(C=C(CCC=C(C1OC)C=O)CO)OC(=O)C2=C 392.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Guaianolides and derivatives
[(1R,2S,3R,7S,8S,9S,13S)-9-acetyloxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methylidene-5-oxo-4,12-dioxatetracyclo[8.5.0.02,13.03,7]pentadec-10-en-8-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate 162816038 Click to see 418.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
[(1R,2S,3S,7R,8S,9S,13S)-9-acetyloxy-13-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methylidene-5-oxo-4,12-dioxatetracyclo[8.5.0.02,13.03,7]pentadec-10-en-8-yl] (2R)-2-methylbutanoate 162797785 Click to see 420.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans
6-Hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran-2(4H)-one 14334 Click to see 196.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057
Loliolide 100332 Click to see CC1(CC(CC2(C1=CC(=O)O2)C)O)C 196.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP9905057

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